Topics

1. What they are? (compound sentences - MCl)

2. How they function (symmetric relation)
3. Meaning and examples (FANBOYS)

(Acho que seria legal colocar como uma espécie de cabeçalho de cada uma das
folhas tipo “coordinating conjunctions - tópico trabalhado na folha”)

1) ​First, we’ve got to know that Coordination is a syntactic notion denoting a relation
of equivalence between parts of sentences or clauses. In other words, coordinating
conjunctions link expressions that are typically of the same formal and/or functional
category. Once linked, these expressions - usually 2 or more main clauses - may
form compound sentences like “He read for an hour and went to bed”.
SUGESTÃO DE DESENHO: Podia desenhar uma espécie de balança equilibrada,
fazer uma fórmula estilo “Compound sentence = Main clause + Main clause” e
escrever a frase de exemplo.

2) ​Since coordinating conjunctions connect units that have the same status, their
function is traditionally pointed out as establishing a symmetric relation - and that’s
what happens most of times. However, this statement isn’t true 100% times; let’s
check these two examples. “He failed the exam, but he is smart. Let’s hire him.” and
“He is smart, but he failed the exam. Let’s hire him.”. Humm, something seems really
wrong in this second sentence. As we took the 2nd main clause and placed it before
the conjunction, the meaning totally changed. That is what happens with clauses
linked by the contrastive conjunction “but”: in these cases, the second clause, which
follows the conjunction, typically carries more weight than the first one. This way, the
relation established here is asymmetric.
SUGESTÃO DE DESENHO: Primeiro, escrever as duas frases de exemplo. Depois,
podia fazer um desenho de duas balanças: uma estaria equilibrada (com “He failed
the exam” de um lado, “he is smart” do outro e “but” no centro) e a outra pendendo
pro lado direito (com “He failed the exam” de um lado e “but he is smart do outro”).
Ai no decorrer da explicação eu poderia riscar ou circular.
3) ​There are seven coordinating conjunctions in English: for, and, nor, but, or, yet
and so. They may be easily remembered by using the acronym F.A.N.B.O.Y.S..
“For” usually expresses causality (as in “I hate to waste a drop of gas, for it’s very
expensive these days”). “And” expresses addition (as in “ His two favorite sports are
football and tennis”). “Nor” works as a negative alternative (as in “They won’t wait for
will, nor for me”). “But”, as we have already seen, is contrastive (as in “My brother
went, but I didn’t”). “Or” gives an alternative (as in “You can eat your cake with a
spoon or fork”). “Yet”, like “but”, expresses contrast too (as in “ It is good, yet it could
be improved”). And, finally, “so”... which establishes a consequence (as in “I’m a
vegetarian, so I don’t eat meat”).
Although they seem really easy to memorize, it’s important to say that these are just
the most common and general ideas that the seven coordinating conjunctions
convey. Their meanings might vary a lot depending on the sentence structure and
the parts they connect. While “yet” almost always expresses contrast, “but” may
achieve several different meanings from that. For example: in the sentence “There is
no hope but by prayer”, “but” means “otherwise than”.
SUGESTÃO DE DESENHO: Desenhar o FANBOYS, completando com o resto das
conjunções em minúscula do lado e colocando entre parênteses o que elas
expressam (causality, addition, negative alternative, contrast, alternative, contrast
and consequence). Escrever também os exemplos que eu vou usar para explicá-los.
Num canto mais afastado disso, colocar o último exemplo de “but”.

Transition: well, that’s all folks! Let’s move to… Subordinating conjunctions (com
tapinha do John né suhauhsauhus)