What are the advantages and disadvantages of primary key and foreign key

in SQL?

Primary key
Advantages
1) It is a unique key on which all the other candidate keys are functionally dependent

Disadvantage
1) There can be more than one keys on which all the other attributes are dependent
on.

Foreign Key
Advantage
1) It allows refrencing another table using the primary key for the other table

Which date function is used to find the difference between two dates?
datediff

for Eg: select datediff (dd,'2-06-2007','7-06-2007') output is 5

Difference between DBMS and RDBMS:

What the difference between UNION and UNIONALL?

Union will remove the duplicate rows from the result set while Union all does'nt.

What is the difference between TRUNCATE and DELETE commands?

Both will result in deleting all the rows in the table .TRUNCATE call cannot be rolled back as it
is a DDL command and all memory space for that table is released back to the server.
TRUNCATE is much faster.Whereas DELETE call is an DML command and can be rolled back.

Which system table contains information on constraints on all the tables created ?
yes,
USER_CONSTRAINTS,
system table contains information on constraints on all the tables created

Explain normalization ?
Normalisation means refining the redundancy and maintain stablisation. there are four types
of normalisation :
first normal forms, second normal forms, third normal forms and fourth Normal forms.

How to find out the database name from SQL*PLUS command prompt?
Select * from global_name;
This will give the datbase name which u r currently connected to.....

What is the difference between SQL and SQL Server ?

SQLServer is an RDBMS just like oracle,DB2 from Microsoft

whereas

Structured Query Language (SQL), pronounced "sequel", is a language that provides an

interface to relational database systems. It was developed by IBM in the 1970s for use in
System R. SQL is a de facto standard, as well as an ISO and ANSI standard. SQL is used to
perform various operations on RDBMS.

What is diffrence between Co-related sub query and nested sub query?

Correlated subquery runs once for each row selected by the outer query. It contains a
reference to a value from the row selected by the outer query.

Nested subquery runs only once for the entire nesting (outer) query. It does not contain any
reference to the outer query row.

For example,
Correlated Subquery:
select e1.empname, e1.basicsal, e1.deptno from emp e1 where e1.basicsal = (select
max(basicsal) from emp e2 where e2.deptno = e1.deptno)

Nested Subquery:
select empname, basicsal, deptno from emp where (deptno, basicsal) in (select deptno,
max(basicsal) from emp group by deptno)

WHAT OPERATOR PERFORMS PATTERN MATCHING?

Pattern matching operator is LIKE and it has to used with two attributes

1. % and
2. _ ( underscore )
% means matches zero or more characters and under score means mathing exactly one
character

1)What is difference between Oracle and MS Access?

2) What are disadvantages in Oracle and MS Access?
3) What are feratures&advantages in Oracle and MS Access?
Oracle's features for distributed transactions, materialized views and replication are not
available with MS Access. These features enable Oracle to efficiently store data for
multinational companies across the globe. Also these features increase scalability of
applications based on Oracle.

What is database?
A database is a collection of data that is organized so that itscontents can easily be accessed,
managed and updated. open this url

What is cluster.cluster index and non cluster index ?

Clustered Index:- A Clustered index is a special type of index that reorders the way records in
the table are physically stored. Therefore table may have only one clustered index.Non-
Clustered Index:- A Non-Clustered index is a special type of index in which the logical order of
the index does not match the physical stored order of the rows in the disk. The leaf nodes of a
non-clustered index does not consists of the data pages. instead the leaf node contains index
rows.

How can i hide a particular table name of our schema?

you can hide the table name by creating synonyms.
e.g) you can create a synonym y for table x
create synonym y for x;

What is difference between DBMS and RDBMS?

The main difference of DBMS & RDBMS is

RDBMS have Normalization. Normalization means to refining the redundant and maintain the
stablization.
the DBMS hasn't normalization concept.