Fate of the Universe

What is universe? The Universe is all of space and time and their contents, including
planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy. Do you know how it starts?
Begin? Origin? Even the smartest human/latest technology in the Earth didn’t know how or why
did it began. We are just feed by the “THEORIES OF THE ORIGIN”. In this theories, what would
be the fate of the Universe? A Big Crunch? A Big Freeze? A Big Rip? Or a Big Bounce? How
will it end? Will it expand or contrast? What is the effect of it?
As early as 1917, Einstein and others realized that the equations of general relativity did
not describe a static universe. In 1922, Alexander Friedmann discovered the expanding
universe solution to Einstein’s general relativity field equations. At first, Einstein thought that the
solution was erroneous, but he later agreed that they were in fact correct, and indeed that they
shed new light on the whole subject. The expansion of the universe was finally corroborated
several years later by Edwin Hubble's observations in 1929. In 1927, Monsignor Georges
Lemaître discovered a family of solutions to Einstein's field equations of relativity that described
not a static universe, but an expanding universe (as, independently, had the Russian Alexander
Friedmann in 1922). In this report, he presented his new idea of an expanding universe, and also
derived the first statement of what would later become known as Hubble’s Law (that the outward
speed of distant objects in the universe is proportional to their distance from us), and provided
the first observational estimation of the Hubble constant. Edwin Hubble, an astronomer at
Caltech, measure the redshifts of a number of distant galaxies. He plotted redshift against
relative distance and found out that it is increasing in distance. That’s why he conclude that the
Universe is expanding.
Scientist proved about the origins of the universe, and one of those is the BIG BANG
THEORY. They say that it is the most possible cosmological theory, because it focuses on the
beginning. We are curious on how the Universe would end. The Big Crunch, The Big Freeze,
The Big Rip and The Big Bounce. This are the four theories on how the Universe would end.
The Big Crunch, this predicts that, it will expands to its very maximum size and the Universe
will finally collapse and will form the greatest black hole ever. The Big Freeze, this foretells that
the universe that will continue to stretch forever, distributing heat evenly until none is left to be
usable enough. The Big Rip, it foresee that the Universe’s rate of expansion will increase and
increase, down to the smallest atom, and will sudden ripped apart. The Big Bounce, in this
scenario the universe would simply expand and contract (or bounce) forever. What do you
think? A Big Crunch? A Big Freeze? A Big Rip? Or a Big Bounce?
They say that the Universe starts from a singularity, a nothingness and it will expand and
expand as faster than speed of light, and would end in many ways. This just say that not only
one person lead through this Expanding Universe Theory, I named here few but not all of them.
What do you think? How will it really end?

Prepared by: Group 11

•Marvin Bongol
•Ana Mae Cestina
•Mary Monique Ordinario5