1 The diagram below shows some effects of global warming.

(Total for Question 1 = 13 marks)

2 Chloroplasts are involved in the light-dependent and the light-independent reactions
of photosynthesis.
(Total for Question 2 = 13 marks)
3 Photosynthesis consists of the light‑dependent and light‑independent reactions.
Photosynthesis produces GALP. A molecule of GALP contains hydrogen.
(a) Explain how the light‑dependent reactions enable hydrogen to be
incorporated into GALP.
(4)

(Total for Question 3 = 4 marks)

4 When a dead animal (cadaver) decomposes, an area called a cadaver
decomposition island can form.
The photograph below shows a cadaver decomposition island.

Below are two statements about cadaver decomposition islands.

1. The formation of a cadaver decomposition island is an example of

succession.
2. Cadaver decomposition islands increase the biodiversity of an area.

**Using the information in the photograph and your own knowledge,

explain these two statements.
(5)
(Total for Question 4 = 5 marks)