Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
We thank Dr. Masilamani head of the Department of Planning for providing an
opportunity to take DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT REGULATION as an elective
We thank Mr.Shivashanmugam for agreeing to take up the class and also for sharing
his knowledge and experience through out this course period and also for his
assistance in this exercise on and off the class.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction 6
Site Location 7
Site Analysis 10
Direct Investigation 10
Physical Constraints 10
Topography 11
Accessibility Analysis 11
Proximity Analysis 12
Soil and Ground Water 13
Activities Proposed 14
Residential 14
Commercial 14
Recreational 14
Public and Semi Public 14
Industrial 15
Affordability 16
Income Category 16
Affordability of Income Category 16
Affordable Plot Area 16
Area Calculation 18
Plotted Development 18
Flatted Development 18
High Rise Development 19
Standards Adopted 20
Minimum Plot Extent 20
Road Width to Length 20
Open Space Reserve 21
Splay 21
Concept 22
Transport Oriented Development 22
Environmental Protection 22
Walkable Township 22
Water Front Development 22
Zoning 22
Design 24
Road Network 24
Plotting 24
Conclusion 26
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig 1. Concept of Township
Fig 2. Location of the Site
Fig 3. Site Map
Fig 4. Water Channel in the Site
Fig 5. Contour of the Site
Fig 6. Accessibility of the Site
Fig 7. Facilities in the proximity of the Site
Fig 8. Ground water level on the Site
Fig 9. Share of Different type of Residential Development
Fig 10. Road Length mesurement
Fig 11. Activities Zoning Map
Fig 12. Road Network Map
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Facilities in Proximity
Table 2. Category wise Income Slab
Table 3. Category wise Affordability
Table 4. Category wise Affordable Plot Size
Table 5. Plotted Development Area Calculation
Table 6. Flatted Development Area Calculation
Table 7. High Rise Development Area Calculation
Table 8. Minimum Plot Extent TNCDBR 2019
Table 9. Road width to LengthTNCDBR 2019
Table 10. Splay according to Road WidthTNCDBR 2019
INTRODUCTION
The Employment opportunities and facilities available in the urban becomes the
greatest attraction all around the Globe, which resulted in the enormous increase in
the population in urban areas along with its complexity. UN found almost 60% of the
Global population is residing in urban areas and UN also predicted almost 80% of the
Carbon emission in the Earth is from Urban, because of its disoriented nature. This
carbon emission lead to the global warming and other climate change issue. While
browsing through the comprehensive transportation study of some renown cities of
India brings out that major portion of the vehicular trips are made for the purpose to
reach the work/job, which is followed by reaching education and Social needs. By
understanding this facts it is clear that this carbon emission from the cities are majorly
because of the disoriented nature of activities in the Urban areas. To remedy this
crucial issue concept of integrated township brought into picture.
Concept of integrated township is to create development which is self sustained
through orienting the activities which are disoriented in the normal urban structure.
The activities which found disoriented in the normal urban structure are Residential,
Commercial(Daily Shopping), Recreational, Educational as well as Industrial. The
activities provided should be in a perfect balance with a modern infrastructure.
Fig 1. Concept of Township
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Since India is the second most populated nation in the world and being the home of
the worlds oldest civilisation, and major portion of the urban area in India are are
organically developed which resulted in a high degree of disorientation But it is vital to
make sure that future development as an organised one ae well as a integrated one.
In this exercise a integrated town is designed in Avudi in order to cater the housing
demand of Chennai Metropolis.
SITE LOCATION
Site selected for the exercise is located in the Veeraragavapuram Village of
Ponthamalle panchayath union in Thiruvallur District of Tamil Nadu. Site is shown in
the figure below.
Fig 2. Location of the Site
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Site is located at 24.7 km from the State Headquarters Chepauk, Chennai and It is 28
km from District Head quarters Thiruvallur. Site is located at a distance of 3kms from
Poonamallee Bus Depot.
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Fig 3. Site Map
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SITE ANALYSIS
Site selected for the exercise is analysed in order to understand the characteristics of
the site as well as to know the physical constraints in the site, So that Township can
be designed effectively to go along with the nature without harming the
environment.
Direct Investigation
Reconnaissance survey is conducted o in order to understand the characteristics of
the site and also to get the basic understanding about the site. Observation made on
the Reconnaissance survey are listed below.
• Site is Abutting a New Military Road on the East Side, width of the Road is 18 m .
• Site is abutting a SH206 and Local Street at Southern Boundary.
• Cement block manufacturing industry is located at the western end of the Site.
• A Channel is Running through the Site.
• A well is found in the Site.
• High tension line goes across the site in the middle – 2 high tension towers.
• Terrain is moderately Flat
Physical Constraints
Most considerable physical constraint observed from the selected Site is the Channel
which running across the Site . Width of the Channel is 21m, which is running through
the North West boundaries of the site and It crosses the site almost in the middle.
Area covered by the channel in the Site is 4.2 ha. Channel and its flow course is
shown in the figure below.
Fig 4. Water Channel in the Site
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Topography
Site is having a flat terrain were the contour is varying from 15 to 28 in a batch manner
but most of the site area contour is varying between 15 to 17m. Contour of the site is
shown in the figure below.
Fig 5. Contour of the Site
Accessibility Analysis
Accessibility of the site is analysed against the ability to reach facilities, Facilities such
as Public Transportation nodes and Terminals and major roads.
• 1 km from Bangalore Highway
• 2.1 kms from Thiruverkadu Bus Depot
• 3 kms from Poonamallee bus Depot
• 3 kms from ORR ( 400 Ft. Vandalur Bypass )
• 5.5 kms from Avadi Rly Station/ Avadi Bus Depot
• 6.5 kms from IRR ( 200 Ft. Maduraivayal Bypass )
• 7.9 kms from Porur Juntion
• 8.5 kms from Ambattur Industrial estate.
• 11 kms from Koyembedu Metro station
• 12 kms from CMBT Bus depot
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Fig 6. Accessibility of the Site
Proximity Analysis
Proximity analysis is done to find the facilities which are close to the site. Features
such as ATM, Banks, College, Schools and Hospitals with in the distance of the 5km
are captured with the help of Google Maps and are presented in the figure below.
Table 1. Facilities in Proximity
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Fig 7. Facilities in the proximity of the Site
Soil and Ground Water
• During primary investigation soil type of the site is found out as a Sand Dume.
• Ground water level in the Site is found out by direct observation from the well
in the Site is 17 ft.
• According to the monthly report of Water Resource Department on Ground
water level Status states a water level of 21 ft.
Fig 8. Ground water level on the Site
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ACTIVITIES PROPOSED
While planning for a Township it is important to know what are thre different activities
rhat are to be proposed. Most important thing is how the activities are balanced . The
activites that are proposed in the exercise is detailed in following paragraphs.
Residential
In this exercise a integrated township is designed for a population of 50000. with an
density of 400 persons / ha.
Area needed for the residential from the density and population is 125ha (If its
plotted). Since the over all site area is 67 ha. It is impossible to accommodate 50000
population in plotted development so alternate residential development is proposed
such as plotted, flatted and High Rise.
Commercial
To cater the daily demands as well as other shopping needs of the accommodated
population commercial activities are proposed at a appropriate location. Commercial
Activities such Convenient Shop, Shopping Centers and Mall.etc,.
Recreational
In order to cater the recreational need of the accommodated population Parks, Play
Ground and Multiplex are proposed.
Public and Semi Public
Public and Semi Public activities are provided at appropirate location in order to cater
the Educational, Health, and other services demands.
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Industrial
As an Integrated development it is important to create a job opportunities with in the
Site Boundary. In order to make the Township more efficient Industrial activities are
proposed abiding to the regulation.
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AFFORDABILITY
On any project it is important find the affordably of the potential buyer so that project
can be economically successful. Especially in the case of the Housing it is very
important to understand the affordability of the people of different income groups, So
that the excursive project such as Township can be a useful one for the people.
Income Category
As HUDCO and Housing Board establishes there are four different income category,
but it is important to address the housing demand of all income category in order to
create a inclusiveness.
Table 2. Category wise Income Slab
Affordability of Income Category
Affordability of different Income category is worked out based on their annual Income.
It is usually believed that Housing affordability is based on how much a person or a
household can in five years, which is equal to summation of 5 year Income of the
person. By doing this analytical process Affordability of the different Income group is
found.
Table 3. Category wise Affordability
Affordable Plot Area
New Tamil Nadu Combined Development Rules provide a FAR of 200%. We consider
everybody is building upto their maximum possible capacity. Market value of the of the
land is found out as Rs.11589/sqm. Costruction cost per sqm is found out as Rs.
15000.
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Market value = Rs.11589
Construction Cost =Rs. 15000
Total Cost per sqm = 2 x 15000 + 11589
= 30000 + 11589
= Rs.41,589.
Affordable Plot Area = Affordability / Cost per sqm
Table 4. Category wise Affordable Plot Size
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AREA CALCULATION
After knowing the developemnt type and the affordablity and affordable plot extent, It
is important to know how much area is needed for each development. In this chapter
area needed for each development is worked out and presented.
Fig 9. Share of Different type of Residential Development
Plotted Developemnt
Out 12500 Households 500 are accommodated in the plotted development. Total area
needed for the plotted development is worked out as shown in the Table below.
Table 5. Plotted Development Area Calculation
Flatted Developemnt
5000 Households from 12500 Households are accommodated in the flatted
development and area needed for the flatted development is worked out and
presented in the Table below. Area per Dwelling Unit (DU) includes the common area
also
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Table 6. Flatted Development Area Calculation
High Rise Developemnt
Rest of the households(7000) are accommodated in the High rise Development. High
Rise development are made with an FAR 400%. The area for the high rise
developemnt is worked out which is shown in nthe Table below
Table 7. High Rise Development Area Calculation
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STANDARDS ADOPTED
While going for an physical development it is important to abide the local byelaws and
standards to get the proper approval. These byelaws and standards vary from place to
place in this exercise newly formulated and amended Tamil Nadu Combined
Development and Building Rules is followed. URDPFI guidelines also adopted
whenever neccessary.
Minimum Plot Extend
TNCDBR 2019 in the Annexure XXII talks about the Affordable Housing Projects Plot
extent, in that plot extent for different economic group is provided.
Table 8. Minimum Plot Extent TNCDBR 2019
Road Width To Length
According to TNCDBR 2019 width of the Road is based on the length of the Road.
Road is continuing element measuring the length is quit controversial so the concept
adopted here is measure the length of the road from the Discharge point to the first
collection point or from Discharge to Discharge Point.
Fig 10. Road Length mesurement
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Table 9. Road width to LengthTNCDBR 2019
Open Space Reserve
In order to cater the recreational needs of the community some space is reserved. It
is 10 % of the Saleable area, if the development is more than 3000 sqm it is
mandatory to reserve land for recreation. But the most important thing is in case of
large scale development such as Township, this receration should be distributed to
serve all the areas in the Township. According to URDPFI guidelines it is wise to
provide 3 to 4 local parks and play grounds for Neighbourhood also for a
community 2 to 3 community level park and open space.
Splay
In order to collision of vechichles or collision of pedestrian and Vehichles splay is
provided. With the help of drivers can have a better view on the crossing road in
Intersection this eventually helps in reducing collision.This splay is based on the width
of the narrower roadin the intersection.
Table 10. Splay according to Road WidthTNCDBR 2019
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CONCEPT
Township designed in this exercise is a residential Township with predominantly
residential with the supporting activities. This development not based on single theme
the concept adopted in this exercise is aglomeration of ideas, Such as Transport
oriented development, Walkable community, Water Front Development, Integrated
Development, etc. But the ultimate aim is to create a sustainable environment through
a sustainable Development.
Transport Oriented Development
It is wise to keep high density developemnt along the major roads in order to avoid
congestion in the interior roads.
• Through this arrangement major traffic in the interior roads are reduced.
• By locating Bus Stops at appropirate locations along the major roads major
portion of the Transportation needs of the High rise development can be catered by
Public Transport.
• By locating high rise development along the major roads its assured that
maximum utilisation of infrastructure facility.
Environmental Protection
Climate change is biggest issue of current generation Sustainable development isnt
just enough to remedy the current issue. It is require to create a Positive development
through that a positive impact can be created.
• In order to go along with the environment water course is not disturbed.
• By creating High Density development nearby Public Transportation nodes private
trips are reduced for a considerable amount which eventually results in reduction of
carbon emission.
• To make sure high and free flow of Traffic in the interior Roads Grid Iron Pattern of
Street Network is proposed.
Walkable Township
Walking is one of the most sustainable mode of transportation. Hence in this Township
most of amenities that are accessed in a daily basis are located at a walkable
distance. Even the Transportation nodes that are accessed for External Commuting
are located in the walkable Distance.
Waterfront Development
Since the Site has a water channel running through. It is important to preserve the
channel from exploitation and also from pollution the only way to achieve this is by
providing water front along the couse of the channel. Here the developemnt are made
with a frontage abutting towards the water body.
Zoning
As mentioned Earlier High Rise Development are Zoned near the major roads.
followed by moderately dense and flatted residential.
Zoning of the Township is Shown in Figure.
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Fig 11. Activities Zoning Map
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DESIGN
The Design of township includes different stages. It reuires laying out the street
network and plotting activities and development so that the whole toenship can get a
structure. Functional phase can visualised only with the help of compherehensive
Design.
Road Network
Road network of the Township is following a grid iron pattern in which major road is a
24 m road which is running at the center from east to west. From this major road
secondary roads are radiating on both sides in North as well as in south direction,
these secondary roads are mostly 12m road In order to create a better flow there is
one 18m width secondary road is provided. All the other Teritiary Roads are 9m except
the EWS plots abutting roads which is 7m. The whole road network is shown in figure
below
Fig 12. Road Network Map
Plotting
As wdiscussed earlier in this exercise activities are plotted as according to the zoning
map. In order to reduce heavy congestion in the interior High rise developmnet are
plotted along the 24 m road and all the facilities are placed in such a way so that the
facilities can be accessed by walk. The whole plotting is done according to the
standards given in the TNCDBR 2019 with the help of Auto CAD. Layout Map is
available in below Figure.
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CONCLUSION
In this exercise Integrated Residential Township is designed. Here residential units
are developed in such a way as Plotted, Flatted and High Rise, hence standards
refered are widely varying, because of this exercise most important standards are
studied and their importance in creating a sustainablity is understood. This whole
exercise is undertaken with an objective to understand varies stages involved in
planning a Township, through this exercise we learned how a township planning has
to approa ched and how the stanards has to applied and guidelines can be
incorporated. At the end it is the greatest experience to learn working out the density,
Affordablity, Area Calculation and Laying out the development with out disturbing the
nature and environment. From this exercise importance of the standards in creating a
harmonious development and How standards helps in avoiding exploitation of the
resources is learned. But the most important thing is that standards are not a ideal
one it varies form place to place based on the development charactesitics and nature
of development so it is important to understand the Characteristics of the place to
create and adopt standards according to needs.
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