Introduction

As all people know, bullying is an act of someone which causes other people harm. It has

no limit, it can happen anywhere to everyone. Bullying has different types, physical, verbal,

social, and cyber bullying. There is no cure nor solution that has ever made bullying stop.

Even though bullying is giving a bad effect it is often viewed as acceptable behavior.

There are some cases that it is accepted because of misconception such as believing that it is

normal to a boy to act aggressively physically or verbally and thinking that girls do not bully

because they are girls but in fact they sometimes do. Cases of bullying is also viewed as a part of

a childhood wherein it is natural to be bullied because of kids are still immature and believing

that telling it to the teacher will be only tattling.

No one has the right to hurt the other people in any way. Bullying is really hard to

encounter so if the bullying occurs the victim has many ways to overcome it such as talking to

someone like parent, teacher, relative or an older friend that can be trusted. Telling someone does

not mean being weak it is just a way to avoid a bigger problem to occur it may also help to find a

way to fix the dangerous bullying without the bully knowing it. Do not try to deal it alone,

dealing it alone may cause a bigger damage as much as possible find a friend to be with or a

company of someone. Hold the anger and do not do aggressive responses that may lead to more

violence and bullying to the victim. Victim can stand up in other ways, such as gaining control of

the situation by walking away or by being cautious in every action. These ways will help to

avoid the bullying to become harder and more dangerous.

Honestly, nothing can stop bullying but people involve can deal with it. Bullies may

appear strong, but they are actually the weak ones. Most of them are sensitive and adults are in
 2

position of authority to handle them. Parents and teachers can find a way to the bullies and guide

them without causing much more danger to them.

The study aims to help people to become aware of the possible ways to deal with bullying

in school. Specifically, the bullies and the victim, both party experience different situations

which they need to deal with. Conducting this study can lessen the cases of bullying in school.

Significance of the Study

This study will be beneficial to the teachers, students and their parents. The study may

help the teachers to construct strategies and techniques on how to deal with cases of bullying

inside the school. It will open their minds to know who really need their guidance. Conducting

this research will encourage students to change their attitude towards other people. This will

serve as an eye opener for them to beware of the consequences of their doings. This will give the

parents some helpful hints on how their children act. It will open their eyes on how they can

guide their children who experiences bullying.

Conceptual Framework

Bullying mostly happens in school, this is where the victim and the bully itself can be

located there are reasons on why a certain bully is committing this kind of abuse, that obviously

has an effect to the victim. The researchers aim to identify both the reason and the effect of
 3

bullying together with the help authorities can offer about the issue for them to come up with the

possible ways to deal with bullying in school for both the bully and the victim.

Bully Reasons
Ways to
School Authorities Deal with
Bullying

Victim Effects

Statement of the Problem

Major Problem:

How to deal with bullying in school?

These following questions aim to support this topic:

1. What are the possible ways that a victim can do if he/she is experiencing

verbal bullying?

2. What actions that a victim should do when they are physically bullied?

3. Why do bullies commit bullying?

4. What are the kinds of guidance that are appropriate for the bullies?
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Scope and Limitations

Bullying is still one of the big problems our community has, especially in school. The

rate of bullying is in fact getting higher and higher as time goes by. Many do not know they are

one of the bullies and their actions causes harm to other people.

This study directly involves both bullies and the victims. The researchers aim to deepen

their knowledge on why bullies act that way and effects of their actions to the victims as well as

identifying the things authorities can do about it. The researchers will use their knowledge to

come up with the possible ways to deal with bullying in school and with that, the study can be a

big help with the decrease rate of bullying cases in school.

Definition of Terms

CONCEPTUAL DEFINITION

Abuse -improper or excessive use or treatment. (Merriam-Webster)

Aggressively -feeling or showing aggression (Merriam-Webster)

Authority -the power to give orders or make decisions: the power or right to direct control

someone or something. (Merriam-Webster)

Awareness -knowing that something (such as a situation, condition, or problem) exists.

Bully -a blustering, browbeating person; especially: one who is habitually cruel, insulting, or

threatening to others who are weaker, smaller, or in some way vulnerable. (Merriam-Webster)

Bullying -prone to or characterized by overbearing mistreatment and domination of others.

(Merriam-Webster)
 5

Commit -to say that (someone or something) will definitely do something: to make (someone or

something) obligated to do something. (Merriam-Webster)

Companion -one that accompanies another. (Merriam-Webster)

Consequences -something that happens as a result of a particular action or set of conditions.

(Merriam-Webster)

Deal -a way of behaving or of doing business. (Merriam-Webster)

Parent -a person who is a father or mother (Merriam-Webster)

Physical -relating to the body of a person instead of the mind (Merriam-Webster)

School -an organization that provides instruction (Merriam-Webster)

Student -a person who attends a school, college, or university (Merriam-Webster)

Teacher -a person or thing that teaches something (Merriam-Webster)

Verbal -relating to or consisting of words (Merriam-Webster)

Victim -a person who has been attacked, injured, robbed, or killed by someone else (Merriam-

Webster)

Violence -great destructive force or energy (Merriam-Webster)

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION

Abuse -overpowering someone more vulnerable.

Aggressively -getting out of control by forcing someone in a fearful manner.

Authority -persons that has a higher power to take actions and help the person that in the

situation of bullying.

Awareness -giving both the bully and victim to be aware in the situations.

Bully -a person that has a reason behind aggressive actions in others.

Bullying -a situation that can be deal through the help of this research in many ways.
 6

Commit -the way of taking actions.

Companion -persons that can help victims to cope up from bullying.

Consequences -the possible outcome of all the actions that is done by the bully nor the victim.

Deal -how does both the bully and the victim will face the situation of bullying that they are in.

Parent -a person who has a child

Physical -relaying something within someone’s body

School -a place that gives knowledge and learnings

Student -a person who is studying something

Teacher -a person whose job is to teach students about certain subjects

Techniques -the way that a person performs basic physical movements or skills

Verbal -spoken rather than written

Victim -someone or something that is harmed by an unpleasant event

Violence -the use of physical force to harm someone, to damage property

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Abuse and other forms of bullying are one of the most popular issues that students and

schools face. Over the years, the cases of bullying in school rises and reduced to a belief that

bullying is a developmental stage that youth mostly will experience. But generally bullying

leaves a negative effect or trauma to an individual or a victim. Therefore, this mistreatment is not

isolated to schools alone. But schools are the best place to actively done this thing. School

faculties and even students have a strong power to access to the most students through school
 7

system (Bennett). The writer states that the schools are the best place to commits bullying, well

based on the experiences that is highly true.

Bullying is an aggressive behavior that is repetitive and intentional in which a stronger

individual abuse and mistreat someone more vulnerable. The effects of bullying to a victims

mental and physical health are related to other forms of child maltreatment. Ways to reduce the

cases of bullying are indicated, especially among youth with school phobia, depression, anxiety,

and declining school performance (Europe PMC journal). The author is right, bullying has a

negative effect on the victim. A victim can even possibly commit suicide because of

overthinking and depression.

Bullying is consisted of two key components: repeated harmful acts and imbalance of

power between the bully and the victim. Bullying can be done in many ways such as verbal,

physical, or psychological attacks against a victim. Bullying mostly happens in schools and

perhaps the most under reports safety problem on American school campuses. Schools should

measure its bullying problem before any responses are implemented to provide a baseline for

measuring any impact of adopted responses to bullying. In this study, the researchers will include

the most possible responses to counter bullying in schools (NCJRS Publication). The writer

states that there are many ways of bullying people, well that is true, it can be done physically

when someone is hurting your body, verbally when someone keeps on teasing you and joking

you in front of other people, and many more.

High Schools often present high rates of academic and behavior problems. A study

proves that bullying can increase the risk of academic problems. A current study examined the

factors of teacher- reported bullying, victimization, and daytime sleepiness on academic

concerns. A research shows that these three are mainly inclined to attention and learning
 8

problems. Results suggest the significance of knowing the multiple contextual risk factors in

adolescents (Global Alliance Journal). According to the writer, lack of attention and learning

problems can really affect on someone feelings.

Bullying is everlasting issue in the lives of school kids and youth. It has an effect to the

person who are committing it, to those who are victims of it, and the person who justify the

violence. Bullying may include verbal and physical assaults, threats, or language, mockery and

criticizing. Bullying should not be underestimate and it must be recognized and taken seriously.

The major objective of this study is to give advices on how to deal bullying in school (Journal of

education and Practice). The first sentence is true, bullying is an everlasting problem because it

is considered to be cycle, cycle means continuous which means it has no end,

Doris Bender and Friedrich Lösel 2011, Identify relation of bullying in school in youth

and being anti-social in adulthood. Bullying was assessed with the Olweus Bully/Victim

Questionnaire answered by a group of 63 males (bullies and victims over‐sampled) ages from 15

and 25 from the Erlangen‐Nuremberg Bullying Study. Outcomes measures include self‐reported

delinquency, violence, aggressiveness, drug use, impulsivity and psychopathy. In addition to

bivariate correlations, hierarchical regressions were used to control for family and individual risk

factors. The study results as victimization was not related to anti‐social outcomes. Controlling

for family risks and externalizing/internalizing problems reduced effect sizes but bullying

remained a sound predictor. Anti‐bullying programs and child‐oriented or family‐oriented

strategies should be more integrated.

Ron Avi Astor, Nancy Guerra and Richard Van Acker 2010, Examine how to improve

safety in schools by (a) examining gaps in theoretical, conceptual and fundamental research on

the phenomena of violence in schools; (b) examining key issues in the design and evaluation of
 9

evidence- based practices to prevent violence in schools; and (c) proposing new directions for a

translational science agenda that can inform policy and practice. The researchers describe an

international experiential approach that will suitable to the annual school safety monitoring data

having concrete evidence-based practices for each school site, school district, or region.

Theoretical paradigms, empirical databases, and practice could be informed through the systemic

investigation of large-scale successful applications of evidence-based programs at the district,

regional, and state levels. Decreasing cases of bullying is possible through monitoring and

examining the reasons and effects of bullying through the victim and bully.

William Yerger and Cliff Gehret 2011, investigated bullying arises in classrooms, lunch

rooms, unattended places, on playgrounds, and through electronic media. Based on the principles

of protecting the child and establishing a secure setting for all students, this article examines the

reasons and possible effects of bullying, and give information on necessarily needed by schools

and teachers for a better way in dealing bullying in schools. As the school and teachers is

oriented for the ways in dealing bullying school, cases of bullying have a possibility to decrease.

Jessica Trach, Shelley Hymel, Terry Waterhouse and Ken Neale 2010, Study the effect of peer

onlookers on bullying in school. From a school-based survey relating social experiences at

school, Grade 4 to 11 students (N = 9397, 51% male) who reported they have witness bullying

(68%) rated how often they had engaged in different onlooker responses.

Results shows significant differences between sex and grade level, wherein younger

female students were more likely to report taking positive action than older students and male

students help in terms of directly intervening, helping the victim, or talking to an adult. Overall,

both male and female were equally report that they ignored or avoided the person(s) who bullied

although reports did not increased with grade level. Implications for anti-bullying efforts
 10

throughout school are discussed. Guiding the onlookers to take actions will be a big help to deal

bullying in school.

Hani Morgan 2012, investigated about school bullying referred as group victimization, it

can be harmful if effective bullying-prevention programs do not establish by the school and

teachers as it has increased rapidly in recent years. Recent data on the number of students that are

victim of bullying, 30 and 80 percent of students indicated in schools report that being targets by

group victimization. Educators concern has led to many studies contradicting common

conviction about peer victimization. Possible ways to deal bullying in group victimization was

identified and considered.

According to Eric Vandamme 2012, there are three characteristics which effective

programs about dealing with bullying have: first is that the program can adapt with the situation

in no time; second, the program educates children at young age; and last is that there are

expectations, consequences, and punishments for the actions of students. These characteristics

can be a standard and a big help for all the programs about bullying.

Aranki et al., 2017, investigated the effect of school bullying from teacher's perspective

on students of Jordanian schools is the aim of the study. Descriptive analysis is the methodology

used. All school's teachers in Amman West area (in Jordan) is the research sample and 200

teachers were selected for the sample size. The self-administrated questionnaire were distributed

over research sample subjects and was formulated in line with the objectives and hypothesis of

the research. All questionnaires were gathered and coded using the 18th version of SPSS. It is

identified in the results that regardless if the school is private or governmental, school bullying

does occur in all schools. The study also indicated that academic achievement of either the bully
 11

and victim is affected by bullying in school. The investigation proves that bullying can affect the

students either a victim or a bully.

Porter and Adcock 2011, have discovered different roles children manage in bullying

situations, some assumes a pro-social role and the commonly known the defenders other than the

bullies and the victims. Instead of focusing on the defenders, practice literature keep on

concentrating to the both the bully and victim. Identifying individual and social conditions

related to defending offers new ideas for practioners in advocating ameliorate peer relations in

schools. This study presented that there are more than the bully and victim about bullying.

Migliacco and Raskaukas 2013, identified that academic performance and attendance of

students has been negatively associated with bullying. Using a video-discussion model the study

scrutinize a small-scale bullying intervention through six completed pre and post-tests

examining, eighty-one students from Grade 4 acknowledged and acquired knowledge about

bullying. After the video-discussion, results manifested that students increased their

understanding about bullying, approaches about victims and awareness of who to ask for

assistance. The inference of the study propose that a video-discussion classroom intervention is

an aid to spread knowledge and awareness which is helpful in prevention of bullying.

Guilherme Irffi et al., 2017, identified the difference of students who experience bullying

with the control of students who haven't experience bullying the researchers used Propensity

Score Matching (PSM). Precisely, to discern the role of social emotional skills and its possible

impact on bullying is the aim of the study. It is propounded in the results that social emotional

skills can aid students deal with bullying and that bullying has negative effect on mathematical

performance of students. In order to overcome the endogeneity problems, different econometric

strategies were used. Using a factor model which also used for correcting bias prediction error
 12

they distinguish personality traits. Possible problems of eliminated variables were identified

using sensitivity analysis. The study shows that programs for anti-bullying should consider social

emotional skills.

All forms of bullying are significantly associated with increases in suicidal ideation, both

for the victim and the offender. However, bullying and cyber bullying victimization was a

stronger predictor of suicidal thoughts and behaviors than was bullying and cyber bullying

offending. Bullying victims were 1.7 times more likely and offenders were 2.1 times more likely

to have attempted suicide. It should be acknowledged that among teenagers who committed

suicide after experiencing bullying or cyber bullying many had other emotional and social

stressors in their lives that may have been exacerbated by bullying (Hinduja and Patchin, 2010).

Bullying affects the student’s level of self-esteem. It may lead to lack of confidence and feeling

badly about oneself. In schools, victims aren’t able to participate in class especially when the one

who bully the victim is one of the victim’s classmate. Victims are afraid to get attention because

the bully may tease the victim after. When you are a victim of bullying, then you felt emotional

every time that you are a target of the bully, you need to be strong. In the study of bullying, most

teenagers committing suicide because they experienced to be the victim of bullying, until the

bullying affects the emotional and mental breakdown that is the time that will increase your

suicide ideation, the suicidal thoughts. Bullying should be acknowledged, this must be taken

action before it might affect the society.

Youth who were victimized have more depression and anxiety in adulthood (Boivin, et.

al., 2010). Bullying creates many problems for victims and these problems can be very long-

lasting. Youth are more prone in depression and anxiety because in teenage stage we are in the
 13

discovering something what we might want to do. Also, in this stage, emotion is capable of the

thoughts and feelings that we encounter in terms of bullying.

Schools that use this approach can implement a variety of programs and activities to

engage students. A progressive middle school in California has created an anti-bullying program

that uses lunch groups, diversity discussions, literature and films, violence prevention, and

parental involvement to develop a ‘bully-free school’ (Murawski, 2010). Many schools are the

one who takes action of bullying because mostly it is the place where the act of bullying

happens. The characterization of bullying are the students were the bully, the victim, and the

bystanders. Bully-free-school is a process to solve the bullying cases.

Bullies can suffer long-term effects of bullying if their behavior is not addressed.

Compelling research confirms that bullies are twice as likely as their peers to have criminal

convictions and four times more likely to be multiple offenders (Abel,2010) . Since the

students are immature and they are still in the process of developing their understanding. The

bullies have a possibility that they do not want to bully, but they think of it that they are also

been a victim of bullying that they want to do it to others as well. “There is often no end to

bullying for victims. Devastating effects of bullying is the pattern it creates in victims’ minds and

personalities that can last their whole life.” (Abel, 2010).

Most schools with high rates of cases of bullying must promote the effective programs to

lessen the cases of bullying and to clear and stop the bullying that might destroy lives. To avoid

the case of bullying, the first to take action of this are the parents of the kids. The parents should

acknowledge their children at young age. Parents must keep on their children minds that they do

not need to bully and they do not deserve to be the victim. Also, to steer clear of being a victim

that may exacerbate lives, they need to be strong, and just do not mind the bully. The school
 14

needs to promote these programs, because in school we learn different things. Educating the

students about etiquette, good behavior, and manners may also help to lessen the cases of

bullying. In these programs, it is a good start to clear the bullying every school will be bully-free

(Eric Vandamme, 2012)

In this study, we also take advantage to the one who act bullying. We would like to

discover different circumstances that why the bully is bullying in act. There is a possibility that

the bully is experiencing problems. Also, the bully grew up without any parenting guides from

their parents, they might not know what they are doing. In this stage, behaviors like adolescence

and immaturity are what they have. Minors are just starting to develop and they only have low

understanding in different behaviors and manners. Precisely, the understanding of these should

start at home and from the children’s family (James R. Porter and Sondra Smith-Adcock, 2011).

Spreading awareness and knowledge about bullying is an eye-opener to every student in

school to acquire understanding about the issue. To raise the anti-bullying program is a way to

lessen the intimidation, aggression, and violation acts in schools. This awareness encourages

children to prevail over bullying act and adequately educate the behavior and manners of every

student in schools (Todd Migliacco and Juliana Raskaukas, 2013).

Research Methodology

Research Method Used

The research study is qualitative. The purpose of the study is to gather information from

the respondents (bully, victim, and authority).

 15

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study are the selected student who experienced being bullied,

bully, and the authority. We choose the simple random sampling technique. Sampling is a

method by which a researcher chooses a group of respondent as a sample from a large population

and then formulating a universal assertion about the whole matter. This study will conduct at

Guiguinto National Vocational High School (GNVHS) located at Poblacion, Guiguinto.

Instruments

We come up with interviews and questionnaires to assure that we can gather different

behaviors of bullying in schools. We will itemize the respondents to attain our objective in this

study. Interview is a way to let the researcher get the best information from the respondents

(Vockwell, 2000).

Conducting an interview with our respondent, is a technique that we will use to clarify

the different information about the bullying act, the bully, the bully-victim, and the bystanders in

schools. In that way, the respondent will answer ordinarily.

Collecting data with the use of questionnaire-checklist is to assure and to comprehend the

researcher, to enumerate the quantity or the number of the bully and the victims. Our

questionnaire-checklist composed of different questions related to the certain topic. Since

questionnaire is a commonly used form of survey study, we will use this material to gather data

and information from our respondents.

 16

Data Gathering Procedures

Quantitative and Qualitative method was used in gathering all of the data in the research.

Consent letter was given to the respondents before the distribution of survey forms that was

given to student’s respondents having questions about the experience of being part in bullying

either as a victim or as a bully and the effects of the situation. Interview was done through the

respondents agreeing in interview was considered as a consent and personal information will

remain private. Authorities such as teachers were interviewed by the researchers individually.

Researchers asked questions about their observations of bullying behaviors and possible ways to

deal with it. These surveys and interviews allowed the authorities and students to analyze the

situation and discuss it more detailed and specific.

Data Analysis

Analyzation will be done in illustrating the results of the gathered data that we used

through interviews and questionnaires. We are able to identify the rate occurrence of the bully

and the victim, our respondents in the chosen school. In this method, we have the capability of

achieving accomplishments and advocacies for our study, the dealing with bullying in schools.

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