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TANGENT GALVANOMETER
2. Introduction 03
4. Applications 07
5. Experiment 08
Observation
6. 11
Table
7. Result 12
8. Conclusion 12
9. Bibliography 13
INTRODUCTION
Aim:
➢ To experimentally determine the horizontal intensity of the
Earth’s magnetic field.
Apparatus:
➢ Tangent Galvanometer (TG), Commutator, Rheostat, Batter,
Ammeter, Key etc.
Principle:
➢ The horizontal intensity of Earth’s magnetic field at a
place.
Bh = µonK/2r
Where, n is the number of turns of the coil,
Theory:
→ μ0 NI / 2α = Bh tan θ. So,
→ I = (2a Bh / μ0 N) tan θ,
→ I= K tan θ
→ K= I/ tan θ.
Graph:
OBSERVATION TABLE
Deflection in T.G.
Ammeter Bh =
Sr. Reading Mean μ0NI/2rtanθ
No. Θ1 Θ2 Θ3 Θ4 θ
(mA) (tesla)
36 40 41 4.786 × 10-6
1. 10 39 39
2 12 40 42 45 45 43 4.987 × 10-6
3 14 49 49 46 44 47 5.060 × 10-6
60 55
5 20 60 54 57.25 4.986 × 10-6
• No. of turns, N= 50
• Circumference of the coil, 2πr= 0.508 m
• Radius, r = 0.081 m
For different values of current I, deflections are noted and values
are calculated. Knowing N and r the value of horizontal intensity
Bh can be calculated.
Result:
1. Horizontal Intensity at the place, Bh = 5.044 × 10 - 6
Conclusion:
Experiment in tangent galvanometer gives the reduction factor of
galvanometer and horizontal intensity of Earth’s magnetic field.
Precautions:
1. The battery should be freshly charged.
2. The magnetic needle should swing freely in the
horizontal plane.
3. The plane of coil must be set in magnetic meridian.
4. There should be no parallax in noting down
5. The readings of ammeter and deflection.
6. All the readings should be adjusted between 30o and 60o.
Sources of Error:
1. There may be a magnetic material near the apparatus.
2. The plane of coil will not be exactly in the magnetic
meridian.
BIBLIOGRAPHY