Philippine Normal University

Taft Avenue, Manila

Faculty of Science, Technology and Mathematics

A Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 8

on Functions

Submitted by:
MACABULIT, LYN D’ AMOR M.
Practice Teacher

Submitted to:
Mrs. Elizabeth D. Salido
Cooperating Teacher

November 8, 2018
 I. Objectives

At the end of 40-minute period, 80% of the students with 75% level of mastery should be

able to:

A. define a function;

B. differentiate a function from a mere relation.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Relations and Functions

Materials: Visual aids and function machine

References:

Nivera, G. C. (2014). Relations and Functions. In G. C. Nivera, Grade 8 Mathematics

(pp. 258-274). Makati: Don Bosco Press.

III. Instructional Strategies

A. Preparatory Activity

1. Prayer

2. Greeting

B. Developmental Activity

1. Motivation/Review

Review the four ways to express a relation, kinds of relation (one-to-one, many-
to-one, one-to-many), and graphing and plotting of points.

2. Lesson Proper

Teacher's Activity Student's Activity

You have gained more knowledge in relation.

Let's go deeper and understand function. Here

is a word problem that can ponder your

minds.

Opening Activity: Business Link

A computer shop charges Php 3 for each page

printed.

No. of pages 1 2 3 4 5 6

printed (x)

Cost (y) 3

Let's complete the table so that we can see No. of pages 1 2 3 4 5 6

relationship between the pages printed and printed (x)

the cost. Cost (y) 3 6 9 12 15 18

What can you notice to the printing cost of The printing cost is increasing as the number

the page printed? of page printed increases.

To further support your claim, let's create a Ordered pairs: {(1,3), (2,6), (3,9), (4,12),

graph and the set of ordered pairs. Can (5,15), (6,18)

someone show on the board his/her answer?

The ordered pairs are plotted on the graph and Graph:

the line is extended to estimate the printing

cost.

If you are given the number of pages printed, (Depends on student's response)

how can you find the printing cost?

There is a simple way. To find the printing

cost (y), given the number of pages printed

(x), we can have, 𝑦 = 3𝑥

Since the printing cost (y) depends on the

number of pages printed (x), y is called the

dependent variable and x is called the

independent variable. We also say that y is a

function of x.

Another common representation of a function

is the function machine. 𝑦 = 3𝑥

x y

1 3

2 6

3 9

To use this function machine, you need an 4 12

input value (x), a rule and an output value (y). 5 15

In our given, we generated 𝑦 = 3𝑥, this is the 6 18

rule in our given. You can use different input

values.

As you can see, the input values affects the

output values based on the rule.

We can conclude that a function is a rule that

pairs each element in one set, called domain,

with exactly one element from a second set,

called range.

The Function Rule

DOMAIN RANGE
The set of The set of
all inputs all outputs
 Example: In the function 𝑦 = 10𝑥, calculate a) When 𝑥 = 8,
𝑦 = 10(8)
the 𝑦 when a) 𝑥 = 8 and b) 𝑥 = 2.5. 𝑦 = 80

b) When 𝑥 = 2.5,
𝑦 = 10(2.5)
𝑦 = 25

a. When 𝑥 = 2,
Practice Exercises 𝑦 = 2 (−2) − 5
𝑦 = −9
Exercises 1: in the function 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 5, b. When 𝑥 = 9,
𝑦 = 2 (9) − 5
calculate the value of y when a) 𝑥 = −2 and 𝑦 = 18 − 5
𝑦 = 13
b) 𝑥 = 9

a. When 𝑥 = 5,
𝑦 = −3(5) + 7
In the function 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 7, calculate the 𝑦 = −8
b. When 𝑥 = −4,
value of y when a) 𝑥 = 5 and b) 𝑥 = −4 𝑦 = −3 (−4) + 7
𝑦 = 12 + 7
𝑦 = 19

3. Generalization

Teacher's Activity Student's Activity

What is a function? A function is a rule that pairs each element in

one set, called domain, with exactly one

element from a second set, called range.

 A relation is a rule that pairs each element in

one set, called the domain, with one or more

What is relation?
elements from a second set called range.

(Depends on students response)

Compare the definitions of a function and a

relation? How are they different?

IV. EVALUATION

Directions: On a 1/2 sheet crosswise, answer the following:

1. If 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 4, find each value and express it in a table

A. 𝑋 = 0

B. 𝑋 = 5

C. 𝑋 = 3/2

D. 𝑋 = −3

E. 𝑋 = 1/3

2. Write a rule or an equation that corresponds to the following

A. A chicken (x) cost Php 115 per kilogram (y).

B. A running faucet can waste 15 liters of water (x) per minute (y).

C. Martin is the baker at a day care center. He bakes 2 cookies (x) per child (y).

V. ASSIGNMENT

Read, Understand and give the Definition of the following:

1. Vertical Line Test

2. Function notation