Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
med YFU
1
Dear students,
Being an exchange student for one year in Sweden doesn’t just mean that you are
going to live in a Swedish family and go to a Swedish school, it is also a great
opportunity for you to learn the Swedish language!
Even though Swedish isn’t a global language, previous exchanges have shown that it
is easier to embrace the culture and the mentality, and get more out of an exchange
year by learning the language spoken in the country.
Learning a new language is usually a long process, but which is easier for some and
harder for others. Either way, YFU wants to give every student the opportunity to
learn Swedish while being on an exchange year here.
That is why we have put together this booklet of Swedish material. It is divided into
different themes, where the different exercises are divided into three levels, to suit
beginners as well as students who have studied Swedish before. As a beginner,
don’t be intimidated by all the exercises and grammar. Learning Swedish is not easy
and this booklet is made for you to keep and to learn from throughout your whole
exchange year.
Lycka till!
/YFU Sweden
2
1. The alphabet and letters (Alfabetet och bokstäver)
a)The alphabet (Alfabetet)
If it’s hard to remember how to pronounce the Swedish letters, write down how the
Swedish letters sound in your own language.
b)Vowels (Vokaler)
Many foreigners that are learning Swedish usually find the Swedish vowels hard to
pronounce. Make sure to practice pronouncing the vowels an extra couple of times–
understanding how the vowels are pronounced will help you a lot!
A apa
B banan
C cykel
D dörr
E el
F familj
G groda
H hem
3
I is
J jordgubbe
K katt
L lampa
M mamma
N näsa
O orm
P pappa
Q Qvist
R ros
S syster
T trappa
U ugn
V vas
W Waxholm
X xylofon
Y yxa
Z zon
Å ånga
Ä ärta
Ö öga
If you have time try to come up with other Swedish nouns for each letter. Go through
every letter from A-Ö and let the group come up with as many nouns they can on
each letter.
Å Ä Ö
åra är öra
år bära göra
så väg för
också sälja köra
på här hög
sår där möjlig
vår bäst störst
våg känna börja
4
1. Numbers (Siffror)
a) Numbers (Siffror)
1 Ett 11 Elva
2 Två 12 Tolv
3 Tre 13 Tretton
4 Fyra 14 Fjorton
5 Fem 15 Femton
6 Sex 16 Sexton
7 Sju 17 Sjutton
8 Åtta 18 Arton
9 Nio 19 Nitton
10 Tio 20 Tjugo
21 Tjugoett 31 Trettioett
22 Tjugotvå 32 Trettiotvå
23 Tjugotre 33 Trettiotre
24 Tjugofyra 34 Trettiofyra
25 Tjugofem 35 Trettiofem
26 Tjugosex 36 Trettiosex
27 Tjugosju 37 Trettiosju
28 Tjugoåtta 38 Trettioåtta
29 Tjugonio 39 Trettionio
30 Trettio 40 Fyrtio
10 Tio 60 Sextio
20 Tjugo 70 Sjuttio
30 Trettio 80 Åttio
40 Fyrtio 90 Nittio
50 Femtio 100 Hundra
1000 Tusen
b) Exercise: what are the names of the numbers? (Övning: vad heter
siffrorna?)
Work in pairs. Let one person point at different numbers below and let the other
person pronounce the numbers that get pointed at. Then switch, so that the person
who pronounced point and the person who pointed gets to ponounce. Use the a)
exercise as a key if needed, but try to guess as many numbers as possible before
looking at the right answers.
5
c) Exercise: Switch phone numbers and addresses (Övning: Byta
telefonnummer och adress)
Work in pairs. Tell your partner your phone number and your address using the
Swedish numbers.
d) Exercise: Money – Swedish bills and coins (Pengar – svenska sedlar och
mynt)
Try matching the words with the pictures by writing the right word below each picture.
Then practice pronouncing the words (either with a partner or the group leader).
Hej,
Jag heter Mark
Jag är utbytesstudent
Jag kommer från Australien
Jag är 16 år gammal
Jag bor hos en värdfamilj i Stockholm
Jag pratar engelska
Jag pratar lite svenska
Länder Språk
c) Greetings (Hälsningsfraser)
7
d) Exercise: Introduce yourself (Övning: Presentera dig själv)
Work in pairs. Introduce yourself to you partner and let your partner introduce
herself/himself to you by using the expressions and words above (exercise a-c).
Introduce your partner to the rest of the group. Start with “Det här är…” and then
continue with “Hon/Han heter… Hon/han bor…” etc,
I can only speak a little Swedish Jag kan bara prata lite svenska
I don’t understand Jag förstår inte
Thanks for the food Tack för maten
You’re welcome Varsågod
Sorry Förlåt
Excuse me Ursäkta mig
I like… Jag tycker om…
I dont like… Jag tycker inte om…
g) Interrogatives (Frågeord)
Vad? Hur?
Vilken/vilket? Var?
Vem? Vart?
Varför? Varifrån?
När?
The difference between var and vart - vart is used when there is a movement, for
example: “vart ska vi?” = “where are we going?”. Compare with “var ligger
stationen?” = “where is the station?”
Engelska Svenska
8
What time does school start? Vilken tid börjar skolan?
Who was that? Vem var det?
How are you? Hur mår du?
Where do you live? Var bort du?
Where are we going tonight? Vart ska vi ikväll?
Work in pairs and let one person ask random questions (for example; Which is your
favorite color, where are you from etc) in Swedish and let the other person answer.
Try to come up with questions for all the questioning words. Ask your leader if you
have questions.
9
3. Grammar: nouns (Grammatik: Substantiv)
d) Plural
An “en-word” takes one of the following endings when it is pluralized: or, ar, er.
An “ett-word” takes an n or no ending at all.
10
Indefinite Plural
drop -a and en klocka - a watch - (some)
En words that end in -a
add -or klockor watches
drop -e and
En words that end in -e en pojke - pojkar a boy - (some) boys
add -ar
En words with stress on en kamrat - a friend - (some)
add -er
last vowel kamrater friends
Ett words that end in a a place - (some)
add -n ett ställe - ställen
vowel places
Ett words that end in a a room - (some)
no ending ett rum - rum
consonant rooms
Definite plural
To form the definite plural, you must first form the indefinite plural and then add
these endings to that word.
klockor - (some) watches - the
Indef. Plural En words add -na
klockorna watches
Indef. Plural Ett words that end in ställen - (some) places - the
add -a
a vowel ställena places
(some) rooms - the
Indef. Plural Ett words that end in rooms
add -en rum - rummen
a consonant
There are some nouns that change their vowel in the plural. These nouns usually
take the -er ending when forming the indefinite plural.
en natt - nätter a night - nights en bonde - bönder a farmer - farmers
en ledamot - a member -
en stad - städer a town - towns
ledamöter members
en hand -
a hand - hands en fot - fötter a foot - feet
händer
en tand - tänder a tooth - teeth en rot - rötter a root - roots
en strand -
a beach - beaches en bok - böcker a book - books
stränder
en rand - ränder a stripe - stripes en man - män a man - men
a country -
ett land - länder mannen - männen the man - the men
countries
11
4. Time and weather (Tid och väder)
a) Months/ seasons/ weekdays (Månader/årstider/veckodagar)
12
Årstider Månader
Höst Januari
Vinter
Väder Februari
Vår Mars
Sommar April
Maj
Juni
Veckodagar Juli
Augusti
Måndag September
Tisdag Oktober
Onsdag November
Torsdag December
Fredag
Lördag
Söndag
Work in pairs and let one person point at one of the clocks från 1-10 and ask “Vad
är klockan?”. Let the other person answer “Den är…” and what time the clock
shows. Then switch.
13
c) Weather (väder)
14
d) How often? For how long? (Hur ofta? Hur länge?)
En gång: I en vecka
I sekunden /minuten / timmen I en månad
I veckan/månaden I ett år
Om dagen I en timme
Om året I fyra månader
Varje:
Dag/vecka/månad/år
Aldrig
Sällan
Ibland
Ofta
Alltid
15
5. At home (Hemma)
Mamma Pappa
Bror Syster
Mormor/Farmor Morfar/Farfar
Barn Kusin
Dotter Son
Syskon Svärson
Svärdotter Barnbarn
Svåger Svägerska
Work in pairs. Look at the picture and explain how the different people in the
picture are related to each other, using the words in exercise a).
16
c) Grammar: pronouns (Grammatik: Pronomen)
Personliga pronomen
Singular Plural
Jag Vi
Du Ni
Han De
Hon
Det
Possessiva pronomen
Singular Plural
Min Vår
Din Er
Hans Deras
Hennes
Dess
d) Exercise: tell the others about your family (Övning: Berätta om din familj)
Work in pairs. Tell your partner about your family (either natural family or hostfamily)
using the vocabulary in exercise a) and the right pronouns in exercise c).
Example:
Min mamma heter…
Jag har två systrar…
De heter…
17
e) Hall, livingroom and bedroom (Hall, vardagsrum och sovrum)
18
f) Kitchen (kök)
19
g) Badrum
Put the right numbers for every word in the circles in the picture on next page
20
6. Verb
a) Common verbs
vara be
ha have
kunna be able to/ can
ska will/ shall
få get
bli become
komma come
göra do/make
finnas be/exist
ta take
säga say
gå walk
ge give
se see
måste have to
vilja want
ta take
visa show
Regular verbs
There are two conjugations of regular verbs - group 1 adding an r to the stem in
the present tense and group two adding er to the stem.
Example:
21
Present Present
Älskar Hjälper
tense: tense:
Irregular verbs
Almost all irregular verbs form their present tense as does groupe 2.
Example:
The verb vara (to be) and ha (to have) are irregular and have the
forms är and har in the present tense.
(Jag är = I am, Jag har = I have)
Example:
22
Monosyllabic verbs are almost always irregular and form the present tense by
adding an r.
Example:
se (to see)
se + r =
ser
hon ser = she sees
c) Future tense
To form the future tense of verbs, just add ska (= will) or kommer att (= to be
going to)before the infinitive. Remember that all the forms are the same for each
personal pronoun.
Example:
Jag kommer att hjälpa dig någon gång - I will help you some time.
Vad ska vi göra idag? - What are we going to do today?
d) Past tenses
- The imperfect tense is formed by adding -de to the stem, unless the stem ends
with a voiceless consonant (f, k, p, s, t etc.) then you attach -te.
- The supine is formed by attaching -t to the stem.
Irregular verbs:
As this group consists of irregular verbs, you can't give any rule what forms
there are. But in the imperfect, most verbs get no suffix. They just change the
stem-vowel. In the supine, most verbs change the stem-vowel again, and attach -
it or -at
23
Verb: Stem: Imperfect: Supine: Perfect: Past perfect:
springa (i)
spring- sprang sprungit har sprungit hade sprungit
(=to run)
komma (i) komm- kom kommit har kommit hade kommit
ha (i) ha- hade haft har haft hade haft
göra (i) gör- gjorde gjort har gjort hade gjort
e) Interests (intressen)
Try to understand by looking at the different picture what the corresponding verbs
mean and see if there’s one interest that suits you (if there’s an interest that isn’t
presented, ask your leader what it’s called).
24
7. School (Skolan)
a) Useful words (användbara ord)
b) Subjects (Ämnen)
Språk: Svenska
Engelska
Franska/Spanska/Tyska
Naturvetenskap: Fysik
Teknik
Biologi
Kemi
Samhällskunskap: Samhällskunskap
Geografi
Historia
Religion
Övrigt: Idrott
Musik
Bild
Drama /teater
Put the number for each word next to the right picture.
25
1.Ett blädderblock 2.En linjal 3.Ett häfte 4.En häftapparat
5.Ett lexikon 6.En pärm 7.Ett gem 8. Ett suddgummi (ett sudd)
9. Ett häftstift 10. En blyertspenna 11. En whiteboardpenna
12.En whiteboardtavla
1. Mellan lektionerna
2. Grupp av elever
3. Ämne då man sportar
4. Den som undervisar
5. Med denna skriver man
Work in pairs. Describe to your partner in Swedish how “A normal school day” is
in your home country.
If the group wants to practice to write and spell in Swedish as well, let them write
a short paragraph about it.
26
8. Food (Mat)
a) Groceries and food (livsmedel och mat)
27
b) Meals(Måltider)
I På
Framför Bakom
Under Över
Bredvid Mellan
Vid Genom
28
d) Exercise: A pen and a paper (Övning: Penna och papper)
Work in pairs. Use a pen/pencil and a piece of paper. Let one person put the
pen around/on/under etc the paper, and let the other person say the
preposition that corresponds to the pen’s place in relation to the paper. Do that
a couple of times
This is an exercise for all levels! Divide the group into smaller
groups with 4 persons in each group. Make up a story that
takes place in a restaurant or a café. Pretend that one or two
servers are working at the restaurant/the café, and that the
rest are ordering food. Try to incorporate as many of the
words for food in Swedish as possible, but remember that you
29
can also use the Swedish vocabulary for money (for more advanced groups) and
the Swedish numbers.
30
9. Clothes (Kläder)
a) Words (Ord)
Keps
31
Väska
Jeans
T-shirt
Shorts
sssss
Bikini Kostym
32
c) Grammar: Adjectives (Grammatik: Adjektiv)
stor/liten glad/ledsen
The comparative forms of a Swedish adjective is formed in almost the same ways as
is an English adjective. In Swedish, you add -are and –ast where possible, and
otherwise, you say mer and mest.
33
3. Adjectives ending with unstressed -en, -er or -el drop their e (like with the
definite article).
d) Colors (Färger)
Vit Rosa
Svart Beige
Röd Brun
Grön Grå
Blå Prickig
Gul Randig
Orange Rutig
Lila Ljus-, Mörk-
Example:
En grön tröja
En svart tröja
34
f) The human body (Människokroppen)
f) Exercise: describe a
famous person
(Övning: Beskriv en
känd person)
35
Useful links
http://www.ielanguages.com/swedish.html
http://www.onlineswedish.com/main.php
For more links to Swedish news & media, dictionaries and courses:
http://www.kreativpedagogik.se/
36