Solutions Practice Test 2

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: B PTS: 1
2. ANS: A PTS: 1
3. ANS: B PTS: 1
4. ANS: C PTS: 1
5. ANS: C PTS: 1
6. ANS: D PTS: 1
7. ANS: C PTS: 1
8. ANS: B PTS: 1
9. ANS: D PTS: 1
10. ANS: D PTS: 1
11. ANS: D PTS: 1
12. ANS: C PTS: 1
13. ANS: A PTS: 1
14. ANS: C PTS: 1
15. ANS: C PTS: 1
16. ANS: C PTS: 1
17. ANS: C PTS: 1
18. ANS: B PTS: 1
19. ANS: B PTS: 1
20. ANS: B PTS: 1
21. ANS: B PTS: 1
22. ANS: A PTS: 1
23. ANS: B PTS: 1
24. ANS: C PTS: 1
25. ANS: D PTS: 1
26. ANS: B PTS: 1
27. ANS: C PTS: 1
28. ANS: D PTS: 1
29. ANS: B PTS: 1
30. ANS: D PTS: 1
31. ANS: B PTS: 1
32. ANS: B PTS: 1
33. ANS: B PTS: 1
34. ANS: C PTS: 1
35. ANS: B PTS: 1
36. ANS: D PTS: 1
37. ANS: A PTS: 1
38. ANS: B PTS: 1
39. ANS: D PTS: 1
40. ANS: D PTS: 1

Short Answer
Question 1

a. Thirty-two percent of the students in a management class are graduate students. A random sample of 5 students is
selected. Using the binomial probability function, determine the probability that the sample contains exactly 2 graduate
students?

b. Using the same values as in (a) find the probability that 1 or less students in the sample are graduate students.

c. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation.

Answer:
n
Recall that for each we use P( X = x) = ( x ) px (1-p)(n-x)
a. let p = 0.32 and n = 5
5
then P( X = 2) = ( 2 ) 0.322 (1-0.32)(5-2) ≈ 0.322

b. Similarly n = 5 but now we want

P( X ≤ 2) = P(x = 0) + P (X = 1)
5
=( 15 ) 0.321 (1-0.32)(5-1) + ( 0 ) 0.320 (1-0.32)(5-0) ≈ 0.487

c. Finally we want
i - mean – E(x) = = n*p = 5 (0.32) = 1.60

ii - variance – Var(x) = = np(1-p) = 5*0.32*0.68 = 1.088

iii - standard deviation - Std(x) = 1.088 ≈ 1.043

Question 2:

a. When a particular machine is functioning properly, 80% of the items produced are non-defective. If three items are
examined, what is the probability that one is defective? Use the binomial probability function to answer this question.

b. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation.

c. What is the probability that if you examine 3 items P(X ≥ 2)? Ie at least 2 are defective.

Answer
a. Now we have n = 2 with p = 0.80
3
P( X = 1) = ( 1 ) 0.801 (1-0.80)(3-1) = 0.384

b. we want
i - mean – E(x) = = n*p = 3 (0.80) = 2.40

ii - variance – Var(x) = = np(1-p) = 3*0.80*0.20 = 0.48

iii - standard deviation - Std(x) = 0.48 ≈ 0.693

c. Similarly now we want

P(X ≥ 2) = P(X = 2) + P (X = 3)
3
= ( 32 ) 0.802 (1-0.80)(3-2) + ( 3 ) 0.803 (1-0.80)(3-3) ≈ 0.896

Questions 3

A random sample of 100 credit sales in a department store showed an average sale of $120.00. From past data, it is
known that the standard deviation of the population is $40.00.
a. Determine the standard error of the mean.
b. With a 0.95 probability, determine the margin of error.
c. What is the 95% confidence interval of the population mean?

Answer:
_
a.Recall that σ x = σ / n = 40 / 10 = 4
_
b.Recall that the Margin of Error = Z α/2* σ x = 1.96*4 = 7.84
_

c. x ± Zα/2* σ x  120 +/- 7.84  112.16 to 127.84

_

Questions 4:

In order to determine the average weight of carry-on luggage by passengers in airplanes, a sample of 36 pieces of carry-on
luggage was weighed. The average weight was 20 pounds. Assume that we know the standard deviation of the
population to be 8 pounds.
a. Determine a 97% confidence interval estimate for the mean weight of the carry-on luggage.
b. Determine a 95% confidence interval estimate for the mean weight of the carry-on luggage.

If you are given that the proportion of students at OCCC who have taken calculus is 30%. Suppose you collect a sample
of size 40.
c. Find the standard deviation of the proportion
d. Use your value in part c to find a 95% CI for students who have taken calculus as OCCC.

Answers
_

For both of the calculations in (a) and (b) we use the following formula: x ± Zα/2* σX
We know that σX= σ / n = 8 / 6 ≈1.33. If we note that our Zα/2 = +/- 1.96 for the 95% CI and +/- 2.17 for 97%. Apply
the formula with the values above and you get
_

a. x ± Zα/2* σX = 20 ± 2.17*1.33 = 17.11 to 22.89

What this tells us is that with 97% confidence the true weight of luggage passengers take on is somewhere between 17.11
pounds and 22.89 pounds.
_

b. x ± Zα/2* σX = 20 ± 1.96*1.33 = 17.39 to 22.61

For (c) and (d) ± zα/2 with = 0.30

c. = = ≈ 0.072

d. ± zα/2  0.30 ± 1.96(0.072) = 0.30 ± 0.142 or 0.158 to 0.442

So with 95% confidence we think that the true proportion of students who have taken calculus at OCCC is somewhere
between 15.8% and 44.2%

Question 5:

The price of a particular brand of jeans has a mean of $37.99 (just assume 38) and a standard deviation of $7. A sample
of 49 pairs of jeans is selected. Answer the following questions.
a.What is the probability that the sample of jeans will have a mean price less than $40?
b.What is the probability that the sample of jeans will have a mean price between $38 and $39?
c.What is the probability that the sample of jeans will have a mean price within $3 of the population mean?

ANSWERS: Here we simply find the z-state for each one: z-stat = ( – μ) / σx

Note that σx = σ / n = 7 / 49 = 1
a.P ( X > 40 ) = P ( Z < 2 ) = 0.97778
b.P ( 38 < X < 39 ) = P ( 0 < Z < 1) = 0.339763
c.P (35 < X 41 ) = P (-3 < Z < 3) 0.9973

Question 6

The sales records of a real estate agency show the following sales over the past 200 days:
Number of Houses Sold # Days

0 60

1 80

2 40

3 16

4 4

a. How many sample points are there?

b. Assign probabilities to the sample points and show their values.
c. What is the probability that the agency will not sell any houses in a given day?
d. What is the probability of selling at least 2 houses?
e. What is the probability of selling 1 or 2 houses?
f. What is the probability of selling less than 3 houses?
g. Find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of the distribution.
ANSWERS:
a.5 for the total number of possible houses sold { 0,1,2,3,4 }
b.Probability Distribution of the Number of Houses Sold
Number of Houses Sold Probability (X = # Houses Sold)

0 0.30

1 0.40

2 0.20

3 0.08

4 0.02

c. This is P(0) = 0.3

d. This is all the values greater than and including 2 = P (X ≥ 2)
= P(2) + P(3) + P(4) = 0.20 + 0.08+ 0.02 = 0.3
e. This is the probability of P(1) + P(2) = 0.4+ 0.2 =0.6
f. The probability of selling less than three houses is the same as 1- P(X≥3) by the
complement rule. This is easier to calculate = 1-P(3) + P(4) = 1 – 0.08 – 0.02 = 0.9
You can also add up the first directly P(0) + P(1) + P(2) = 0.90
g.
i. Mean = E(x) = = 0*0.30 + 1*0.40 + 2*0.20 + 3*0.08 + 4*0.02 = 1.12
So on average we expect 1.12 houses to be sold.
ii. Var(x) = =
(0-1.12)2*0.30 + (1-1.12)2*0.40 + (2-1.12)2*0.20 + (3-1.12)2*0.08 + (4-1.12)2*0.02 ≈ 0.9856
ii. Standard deviation – Std(x) = ≈ 0.993