OR

It consists of three parts:-

1. The conductor and core.
2. The insulation or dielectric.
3. The protective covering.
electrical circuits by means of wires and

Wires and cables are connected using

permanent and temporary connections.
Seperable connections are used when circuits
can be connected to other electrical
components.
The moving part of a switch used to connect or
disconnect a circuit is called a Pole.
If the contact of the switch alternatively
connects and disconnects a circuit, it is called a
Single Throw Type Switch.
1. Cleat Wiring
2. Wooden casing and capping Wiring.
3. C.T.S OR T.R.S Wiring.
4. Lead sheathed or metal sheathed Wiring.
5. Conduit Wiring.
Cleat wiring is normally used for temporary
wiring purposes.
As a permanent system of wiring, it is not
preferred in domestic premises.
It is quite suitable for taking a temporary
connection, such as for function, marriages,
etc.
o Advantages
1. It is the cheapest system of internal wiring.
2. Its installation and dismantlement is easy and quick.
o Disadvantages
1. It is not good looking.
2. It is quite temporary and perishes quickly.
o Field of Application
1. The wiring of this type is very suitable for
temporary installations in dry places.
2. This is also accepted where appearance is not so
important and cheapness is the main consideration.
1. The wiring of this type is very suitable for
temporary installations in dry places.
2. This is also accepted where appearance is not
so important and cheapness is the main
consideration.
This is one of cheapest types of wiring
and is commonly used for house wiring.
The cable used in this
type of wiring is either
V.I.R or P.V.C or any
other approved insulated
cables
o Advantages
1. Better appearance than cleat wiring.
2. Cheap in cost.
3. Easy to install and rewire.
4. Easy to inspect by opening the capping.

o Disadvantages
1. Not suitable in damp places
2. Risk of fire
3. This type of wiring can be used only on surface and cannot be concealed
in plaster.
4. Since it requires better workmanship, labour cost is more.
 This type of wiring is suitable for low voltage
domestic installations in dry places and where
there is no risk of fire hazard.
This type of wiring is also used for house
wiring and is quite cheap.
Cab tyre sheathed wire or rubber sheathed wire
is normally used as conductor for this wiring.
The wires are run on the teak wooden battens
which are fixed on the wall or the ceiling by
means of screws and wooden pluge.
o Advantages
1. It is easy to install and repair.
2. Its life is long.
3. It is cheaper then other types of wiring except cleat wiring.
4. Conductors have strong insulation.

o Disadvantages
1. The conductors are open and liable to mechanical injury, therefore,
this type of wiring cannot be used in workshops, etc
2. Good workmanship is required to make a sound job in T.R.S wiring.
1. This type of wiring is suitable for low voltage
installations and is extensively used for
lighting purpose.
2. This type of wiring is suitable where acids
and alkalies are likely to be prescut.
This type of wiring is also adopted for low
voltage installation.
This system is more or less similar to
C.T.S wiring except that the cable used is
different in this wiring system.
In this system conductors used are
insulated with V.I.R and then covered with
an outer sheath of lead aluminium alloy
containing 95% lead and 5% aluminium.
o Advantages
1. Conductors are protected against mechanical injury.
2. It is suitably employed under damp situations.
3. It has longer life.
4. Conductors are protected against chemicals.

o Disadvantages
1. Cables are costlier then C.T.S or T.R.S wires.
2. In case of leakage, there is every risk of shock.
3. Skilled labour and proper supervision is required.
1. This wiring system is suitable for low voltage
installations. It may be used in places
exposed to sun and rain provided no joint is
exposed.
Conduit wiring system is the best for domestic
and commercial installations.
It provides proper protection to the installation
against fire hazards, shock, mechanical
damage and dampness.
The cable used in this system is either V.I.R or
P.V.C insulated qand is run in mild steel or
P.V.C pipes called as conduits.
o Advantages
1. Conduit provides protection against mechanical injury and
fire.
2. Conduit provide protection against chemicals.
3. The whole system is water proof.
4. Conductors are safely secured from moisture.

o Disadvantages
1. It is costly system of wiring.
2. It requires more time for erection.
3. It requires highly skilled labour.
1. As this system of wiring provided protection
against fire, mechanical injury and dampness,
this is the only approved system of wiring
for:
2. Damp situations
3. In workshops for lighting and motor wiring
4. Place where important documents are kept
such as a record room.