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Sameer Khandekar
http://home.iitk.ac.in/~samkhan
Vapor Absorption
Refrigeration
Systems
Sameer Khandekar
Sameer Khandekar
Sir M. Visvesvaraya Chair Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Kanpur (UP) 208016 INDIA
Webpage: home.iitk.ac.in/~samkhan/
In this lecture…
◉ What is an absorption system
◉ Construction
◉ Operation
◉ Comparison with vapor compression system
Sameer Khandekar
Features
◉ ARS are often classified as heat-driven systems. They are used especially,
when there is a source of inexpensive thermal energy at a temperature of
100 to 200°C.
◉ The principle can be used to air-condition buildings using available waste
heat from a source. ARS are primarily used in large commercial, industrial
installations or for storage in recreational vehicles.
◉ Some examples include geothermal energy, solar energy, and waste heat
from cogeneration or process steam plants, and even natural gas when it is
Sameer Khandekar
Condenser
Heating
Liquid pump
Heat of absorption
Discussion on COP
Device Construction
thermal compression.
◉ Hence, to achieve this it has a refrigerant absorber, a liquid
pump, a heat exchanger (thermal compression), an analyzer
and a rectifier (for separating the solvent from the refrigerant).
Operational steps
Operational steps
Operational steps
◉ The weak ammonia solution is left in the generator is called weak aqua.
◉ This weak solution (rich in water and depleted with ammonia) is
returned to the absorber through the heat exchanger.
◉ Ammonia vapor leaving the generator may contain some water vapor.
◉ If this water vapor is allowed to enter the condenser and the expansion
valve, it may freeze there resulting in chocked flow.
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Operational steps
◉ The ammonia vapor from the generator passes through a series of trays
in the analyzer and ammonia is separated from water vapor.
◉ The separated water vapor is returned to the generator.
◉ Then the ammonia vapor passes through a rectifier.
◉ The rectifier resembles a condenser and water vapor still present in
ammonia vapor condenses and the condensate is returned to analyzer.
Sameer Khandekar
Operational steps
◉ Then this two phase mixture (mostly liquid) is led to the evaporator.
◉ In the evaporator the liquid fully vaporizes.
Operational steps
◉ Therefore, ARS should be considered only when the unit cost of thermal
energy is low and is projected to remain low relative to electricity.
Actual systems
Sameer Khandekar
Thanks!
Any questions ?
You can find me at
◉ samkhan@iitk.ac.in
Sameer Khandekar