Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
1
Basic WAN Network Design
2
Optimization Based Design
• Good Reference is M. Pioro and D. Medhi, Routing, Flow and Capacity
Design in Communication and Computer Networks, Morgan Kauffman 2004
…
g m ( x1 , x2 K xn ) {≤, ≥, =} bm
Telcom2110
TELCOM 2110 Spring
Spring 06 2006 7 5
¾ Node Locations
¾ Potential Links
¾ Traffic Demands
¾ Cost function/parameters
Output Results
¾ Network Cost
¾ Network Topology
¾ Capacity of Links
¾ Working Paths
¾ Backup Paths
TELCOM 2110 Spring 06 6
3
Virtual Private Network
• A Virtual Private Network (VPN) refers to
“ A class of service that use a shared network to
emulate the characteristics of a private network.”
• Private link emulation over a shared infrastructure
– Leased virtual trunks in circuit switched telco network
– Virtual Path network over ATM backbone
– Virtual LAN over Fast Ethernet infrastructure
– Virtual IP WAN network over IP/MPLS infrastructure
VPN Networks
Concept of a transport network: one physical network
many VPN logical network possibilities …through cross-
connects, routing etc.
K
B
C
D
A
Z
4
VPN Overlay Network
Overlay VPN B
Network
C
A
B2 B3
B1
Service Provider
C1 C3
Network C2
A1 A2
5
MPLS Background
• Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) is expected to be
used over IP infrastructure to deliver QoS performance to
different service classes, provide security, VPNs
• MPLS use a label-swapping forwarding technique.
• Labels are assigned when the packet enters into the
network.
• MPLS routers forward packets based on the label value.
• Fields: Label, Class of Service, Stack bit, Time-to-Live
0 20 32
Label CoS S TTL IP header
MPLS header
MPLS Network
“ Packet Classification ”
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6
MPLS Packet Forwarding
MPLS Network
171.68.10 / 24
LSR - A LSR - B LSR - C
IP packet
Label=5 Label=3
171.68.10.12
IP packet IP packet
171.68.10.12 171.68.10.12
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7
Label Assignment and Distribution
Downstream on Demand
Label Assignment
171.68.40 / 24 171.68.10 / 24
LSR - A LSR - B LSR - C
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8
Label Switched Path
9
Logical Network Topology
Service Provider
IP/MPLS Network
Point-to-Point LSPs
Overlay A
VPN Network
B
2
Service Provider 5
MPLS Network 3
4
6
10
Multipoint-to-point LSPs
Overlay A
VPN Network
B
1
Service Provider 2
MPLS Network
“ Shared-BW links”
TELCOM 2110 Spring 06 21
• Given
– Physical network topology
– Link capacity and its cost
– VPNs requirements (i.e., traffic demands, QoS)
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VPN Design Procedure
Tree Selection
1
• Possible set of
candidate trees Depth = 1
12
Link Dimensioning
Cˆ = min {η ⋅ m + α ′ ⋅ σ , η ⋅ cˆi }
α′ = − 2 ln (ε ) − ln (2π )
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General Case
Special Case
14
Mathematical Formulation
Minimize ∑ ψ l ∗ Yl
Total VPN capacity cost
l∈L
Given
α l , Cl Link utilization factor , Maximum link capacity
Obtain
Yl Link BW allocations
X kp Routing path
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TELCOM 2110 Spring 06 32
Special Case
(without BW aggregation)
Formulation-III
Minimize ∑ ψ l ∗ Yl
Total VPN capacity cost
l∈L
Subject to :
Path selection criteria
⎛ ⎞
(2) ∑ ∑ Eqv B d
k ,(T , QoS ∗ ⎜ )
⎜ ∑ p, d
γ l
∗ X p⎟
k ⎟ ≤ Yl
k ∈ K d ∈D k ⎝ p∈P ⎠
k ; for all l ∈ L
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Special Case
(with BW aggregation)
Formulation-IV
Minimize ∑ ψ l ∗ Yl
Total VPN capacity cost
l∈L
Subject to :
Path selection criteria
Numerical Study
• The design model is a mixed Integer
programming problem of NP-hard type.
16
Tested Networks
Sample Results
17
Multiple VPN Design Problem
• Given
– Physical network topology
– Link capacity and its cost
– Number of VPNs and their requirements
• Traffic demands , QoS, etc.
May have 100 or 1000s of VPNs to provision over infrastructure
• Find the logical layout and their dimension such that
– Objective :
• Minimize (total virtual network cost, number of LSPs)
– Constraints :
• QoS requirements (packet-level parameters)
• GoS requirements (call-level parameters)
• Link capacity limitations
18
Multiple VPN Design Problem
• Heuristic Solution
1. Assign each VPN a weight = Sum (traffic demand x
distance)
2. Sort VPNs on weight
3. Use a standard algorithm to layout VPN i (Mentor,
Routing approach, optimization formulation, etc.)
4. Subtract VPN i bandwidth requirements from
physical network capacity where used.
5. Repeat step 3 and 4 until all VPNs are provisioned.
– Note VPNs with small weight are likely to have
non- shortest path routes through the physical
network.
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