Quinn Alksne-liles

ISM-Period 5

https://ihsmarkit.com>topic>imo-2020-guide IMO 2020 Guide and Insights | Wood Mackenzie

https://ihsmarkit.com/topic/imo-2020-regulation.html

 Imo 2020 is a new regulation on sulfur emissions that effects all the ships in the world.
 Imo 2020 consists of many new rules that must be followed, or they will be fined heavily
 The biggest change is the sulfur out put it is going from 3.5 percent to .5 percent. This
causes many issues and cost a lot of money.
 The reason this is happening is due to global warming. The sulfur us heating the oceans
to the point that there is more rain and heavy weather. This also causes fish to die and
others to thrive
 The reaches of the sulfur are not only in the ocean. The sulfur affects you and I every
day. Like Harvey (aka 100-year storm) that seems to be happening every month now.
 The shipping industry is affected the most
 They must use LSOF or Low Sulfur Octane Fuel
 This requires new engine management systems that cost close to 2 million dollars in most
cases.
 The other way ship owners can coup is by installing exhaust scrubbers these take all the
sulfur out of the exhaust and allow the ships to run of HSOF or High Sulfur Octane Fuel
but these also cost around 2 million to install.
 Another issue is that the dry docks to put these upgrades in are backed up for almost 2
years. China is building 8 new dry docks and America is building 4 to meet demand
 LSM or Low Sulfur Mix is a mix of many different types of fuel that can be different
throughout the world therefore making an inconsistent fuel which makes it imposible for
a ship that has many stop and ports to use. It can only be used by smaller ships going to 1
or 2 ports.
 The major thing is that is comes out in 2020 January 1st and the entire shipping industry
is not ready!!!!!!

The article I read hits on all the regulations IMO puts in place and how Shipping
companies plan to meet the new rules.
 Port Houston and its history to now.
https://porthouston.com

 Opened in 1900 after the Galveston storm

 The storm caused the main port in the Galveston bay to close for repairs
 This caused the need to dredge out 43 miles of the buffalo bayou.
 The ship channel is the 4th largest in the world
 It deals with all import and export of cars for the west coast
 The channel is the most dangerous to navigate due to how shallow it is
 The cruise ships that come in and out of the channel only have about 2 feet of clearance
from the bottom
 When a T#3 tanker comes through the channel it closes traffic in both directions meaning
it’s the only ship in the channel at that time.
 Morgans point is where INEOS docks it ships.
 At any one point and time the channel has 100 ships waiting to come in
 The water is all brakish due to the river that supplies it.
 Industries on the channel
 Scrap metal
 Sulfur
 Oil
 Cars
 The largest being plastics and polymers
 And bulk carrying cargo
 It cost 13billion dollars in 1914 to deepen the channel
 the draft of every ship- is required to be at 50% discharge. Meaning it files its ballast with
air to make the ship more buoyant and higher In the water column.
 Upon arrival to the channel the captain must go through a check list to be allowed in and
when that is completed he must allow the pilot aboard because the pilot is the only one
who can bring ships in and out of the channel.

This article explained everything about the ship channel

 https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/home/centerx:-95.0/centery:29.6/zoom:10
maritime traffic: Global Ship Tracking

 Marine Traffic around the world follows specific channels in the oceans kind of like
freeways.
 The channels are most likely set up as the crow flies for large ports and the ships that
aren’t going to a large port will follow the channels and break off at the end of the
channel
 T#3 tankers are the largest ships that are allowed into actual ship channels but the largest
ships in the oceans are supertankers the largest being almost a mile long.
 This app is the only app in the world that tracks ships constantly
 Many ships use this app as a form of navigation
 Maritime traffic helps identify and classify ships
 Classification of ships is done by there port of call or the port where they are sailing from
most frequently
 Names are chosen by the owner of the ship. Something cool about this is that the oceans
are a very superstitious places and cause the names to be unique
 This app shows ports and fuel services
 The ports are classified into thousands of different things
 The port that I have learned most about is propane inlets
 This is the type of port that Ineos ships go too because they run on it
 This app helps people like me and you see the amount of ships that are in the ocean and
how crucial they are to our everyday lives

The website was all about the location of ships .