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L’Oreal had built a dozen or so mega brands rooted in the local culture and appealing to different
segments of the global market. Instead of homogenizing the various brands and making them
palatable in myriad cultures, Owen-Jones decided to embody their (the brands’) country of origin,
turning what many marketing gurus considered a narrowing factor into a marketing virtue.
As a senior L’Oreal manager put it, “You have to be local and as strong as the best locals but
backed by an international image and strategy. We have made a conscious effort to diversify the
cultural origins of our brands."
Two questions often arise regarding brands: ‘What makes a brand strong?’ and ‘How do you build
a strong brand?’ To answer these questions, we introduces the customer-based brand equity
(CBBE) model. This model incorporates theoretical advances and managerial practices in
understanding and influencing consumer behaviour. Although useful perspectives concerning
brand equity have been put forth, the CBBE model provides a unique point of view as to what
brand equity is and how it should be built, measured and managed. The CBBE model approaches
brand equity from the perspective of the consumer – whether this be an individual or an
organization. Understanding the needs and wants of consumers and organizations and devising
products and campaigns to satisfy them are at the heart of successful marketing. In particular, two
fundamental questions faced by marketers are: ‘What do different brands mean to consumers?’
and ‘How does the brand knowledge of consumers affect their response to marketing activity?’
L’Oreal CBBE