WELL HEAD EQUIPMENT

PRESSURE CONTROL
• PRESSURE CONTROL IS THE ABLITY TO ENTER,
PERFORM A WIRELINE SERVICE AND EXIT A
WELL WHILE MAINTAINING A COMPLETE,
POSITIVE ENVIRONMENTAL SEAL
• THIS MEANS
– NO LOSS OF FLUIDS FROM WELL
– NO LOSS OF GASES FROM WELL
– NO LOSS OF PRESSURE FROM WELL
 BUT WHERE DOES PRESSURE
COMES FROM
• MECHANICALLY PRODUCED PRESSURE
– PUMP TRUCK OR RIG PUMP (CONTROLLABLE)
– PUMPING NITROGEN (N) (CO2) IN THE WELL THE
BOILING POINT OF WATER NITROGEN IS 320 DEG F
– AFTER FRAC PRESSURE
• FORMATION PRODUCED PRESSURE
– FLUID PRESSURE
– GAS PRESSURE
– COMBINATION OF FLUID AND GAS (DISTILLATE)
PRESSURE CONTROL SYSTEM COMPONENTS
• HYDRAULIC HAND PUMP
• HYDRAULIC HOSES AND QUICK DISCONNECTS
• HYDRAULIC PACK-OFF HEAD ASSEMBLY
• CONTROL HEAD ASSEMBLY (GREASE HEAD)
• HEAD CATCHER WITH BALL CHECK VALUE
• LUBRICATOR RISERS AND UNIONS
• EQUALIZER VALVE (KILL NIPPLE) & VALUE
• TOOL TRAP
• WIRELINE BLOW OUT PREVENTERS
• WELLHEAD ADAPTER
• HOSES - HYDRAULIC, GREASE, FLOW, EQUALIZING
• GREASE PUMPING EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLY (LINCON PUMP)P.M-6
• VALUES AND PRESURE GAUGES
• SPARE PARTS AND EQUIPMENTS
• WELL HEAD ASSEMBLY
 RECOMMENDED OILS FOR PRESSURE
CONTROL
• BASIC REQUIREMENTS
– chemically inert and totally miscible with corrosion inhibitors
– low toxicity and essentially non flammable
– the product must be available world wide and economical to use
– use light viscosity oil in winter, heavy viscosity in summer
• OIL/GREASE CONSUMPTION INCREASES WITH
– flow tube
– temperature increase
– running speed
– type of fluid in well
– brand new cable will use more oil/grease due to larger spaces between armor
strands that must be filled
• when the void spaces between inner and outer diameter of cable increase the
oil/grease consumption will increase
• Normal consumption is about 3 gal/hour while coming out of the hole but may
reach 5 gal/hour
• we are using BOC-800 grease SERVOGEM EP-2 Indian Oil
 PRE JOB PLANNING
PLANNING A JOB REQUIRES FOLLOWING ACCURATE INFORMATION
– WELL HEAD PRESSURE (IN PSI)
– EXPECTED PRODUCTION (GAS, OIL, ?)
– CORROSIVE HCL, KCL, CO2 OR H2S
– RIG HEIGHT
– WELL HEAD CONNECTION
• TYPE OF ADAPTER OF FLANGE AND SEAL RING NEEDED
– MINIMUM INSIDE DIAMETER
– WELL TREATMENT
• FRAC, ACIDIZED, NITROGEN,CO2 INJECTED OR PUMPED
– MAXIMUM TEMPRATURE TO BE ENCOUNTERED
– TYPE OF DEPTH OF PACKERS, PLUGS, D. V. TOOLS
– AFTER ALL POSSIBLE INFORMATIONIS GATHERED SELECT PROPER
EQUIPMENT DEPENDING ON PRESSURE AND TYPE OF
SEVICESREQUIRED, AND THE O. D. OF THE TOOLSTO BE RUN
GENERAL PURPOSE WELL HEAD TOOL
 GREASE INJECTOR
WHAT SEALS AND HOW?
• A VISCOUS GREASE IS INJECTED INTO THE
ANNULAR SPACE BETWEEN THE FLOW TUBE
AND THE CABLE. THE VICOUS GREASE CAUSES A
PRESSURE DROP THROUGH THIS ANNULAR
SPACE TO MAINTAIN A GREASE SEAL

MATHEMATICALLY
L - LENGTH, u - GREASE VISCOSSITY, Q - QUANTITY
INJECTED, h - CLEARENCE, RC - CABLE RADIUS

6 LuQ
P1 − P2 = 3
RC h
 BOWEN GREASE/OIL INJECTION CONTROL
HEADS AND GREASE/OIL INJECTION SUPPLY
GREASE CONTROL HEAD
SAFTEY CHECK UNION OR SAFETY CHECK
VALVE
TYPICAL HYDRAULIC PISTON TYPE AC OFF
 WIRELINE BLOW PREVENTERS
• THE WIRELINE BLOW OUT PREVENTER IS DESIGINED TO
CONTROL WELL PRESURE BY SEALING AROUND THE CABLE
• THE SEALING ELEMENTS IN THE BOP ARE TWO RUBBER FACED
METAL PLATES, CALLED RAMS, WITH SOMEWHAT UNDER THE
CABLE SIZED CUTOUTS.
• WHEN THE RAMS ARE BROUGHT TOGETHER, THE RUBBER FACE
SEAL TIGHTLY AROUND THE CABLE
• THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF BLOW OUT PREVENTERS
• MANUAL- Rams can be operated (screwed in or out) only by hand
• HYDRAULIC - The hydraulic BOP has piston sections that close the rams
when the pressure is applied from the external source. When the rams are
closed hydraulically, the handles must be manually run in after closure to
provide additional safety in the event hydraulic pressure is lost. The rams of
some BOP’s can’t be opened manually and must be pumped open
hydraulically
BOWEN HEAVY DUTY BLOW OUT
PREVENTERS
HYDROLEX BLOW OUT PREVENTER
BOP RAM PADS
EXPLODED VIEW OF BOP RAMS
EQUALIZER VALVE ASSEMBLY
FLUSH TYPE RELIEF AND EQUALIZER VALVE

FLUSH TYPE RELIEF VALVE FLUSH TYPE EQUALIZER VALUE

MECHNICALLY OPERATED BOP
BOWEN MANUAL SINGLE BOP
BOP UPSIDE DOWN WILL NOT SEAL FROM BELOW
GREASE SEALED BOP
GREASE INJECTED AT HIGHER PRESSURE THEN WELL PRESSURE BLOCK THE
MIGRATION OF GAS THRU CABLE
MANUAL TOOL RETAINER
BOWEN LUBRICATOR TOOL TRAPS
SET UP FOR CBL UNDER PRESSURE
PRESSURE TEST USING TEST ROD
BOP RAISED USING HOIST
TOOL IN HOLE
BOWEN MEASURING LINE STUFFING BOXES
BOWEN CASING LINE WIPER
 PRESSURE SAFETY
• HAVE TAILGATE SAFTEY MEETING BEFORE RIG UP. KNOW HOW
MUCH PRESSURE YOU ARE WORKING WITH
• IF WELL HAS FLUID , ADD 30 LBS. TO SINKER BAR WEIGHT
• TIE HOSES TO LUBRICATORS AND STAKE DOWN FLOW LINES TO
KEEP THEM FROM “WHIPPING”
• WHEN WORKING WITH GAS MOVE LINE WHILE EQUALIZING TO
KEEP LINE FROM FREEZING DUE TO EXPANDING GAS
• WHEN OPENING MASTER (WORKING) VALUE STAND TO ONE SIDE
AND COUNT THE TURNS
• DO NO HAMMER ON ANYTHING THAT HAS PRESSURE ON IT
• DO NOT TRY TO TIGHTEN ANYTHING THAT HAS PRESSURE ON TI
• DO NOT TIE BOOTS WHEN RUNNING IN GAS
• IF EXPENDABLE GUNS ARE RUN IN WELL UNDER PRESSURE (NOT
A RECCOMENDED PROCEDURE)AND REMOVED, STAND IN THE
BLIND ANGLE IN CASE A CHARGE CAP IS BLOWN OFF
• DO NOT RERUN AN EXPENDABLE GUN THAT HAS BEEN RUN IN A
WELL WITH PRESURE
• WHEN SHOOTING EXPENDABLE CHARGES GET BACK INTO THE
TUBING AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE IF THERE IS PRESSURE COMING
OUT THROUGH A PACKER. THE CHARGE WILL ALSO COME OUT
WITH DEBRIES
• WHEN RUNNING IN WELL THAT HAS MUD OR SAND IN IT, A
GREASE HEAD IS MUST AS BOTH MUD AND SAND ARE VERY
ABRASIVE
• FLOWING OR BLEEDING THE WELL DOWNMAY HELP TO GET
THROUGH A PACKER
• BE SURE YOU KNOW THE O.D. AND LENGTHS OF THE TOOLS YOU
ARE RUNNING INTO THE WELL. HAVE SET OF CALLIPERS IN THE
TRUCK
• BE SURE YOU KNOW THE MINIMUM INNER DIA IN THE WELL AS
WELL AS ANY OTHER RESTRICTIONS
• HAVE A RELIABLE PRESSURE GAUGE ON YOUR LUBRICATOR
• BE SURE THAT EVERYONE KNOWS THE JOB PLAN AND THEIR
RESPONSIBILITIES
• SPOT TRUCK UPWIND WHEN SERVICING GAS WELL
 THREADS
5OOO PSI EQUIPMENT 10,000 PSI EQUIPMENT
5-1/2” ACME THREAD 4-3/4” ACME BOWEN
 CROSSOVER
5000 PSI EQUIPMENT 10,000 PSI EQUIPMENT
1# 2-7/8” EUE TO 1# 2-7/8” EUE TO
5-1/2”ACME BOWEN 4-3/4” ACME BOWEN
2# 3-1/2” EUE TO 5-1/2” 2# 3-1/2” EUE TO 4-3/4”
ACME BOWEN ACME BOWEN