Yu, Regine C.

AB- EL 2B

Art History Timeline

Art Periods/ Dates Chief Artists and Major Characteristics Historical Events
Movements Works

Mesopotamia - Sumerian (2700 Sumerian Votive Offerings, Warrior art and narration Sumerians invent writing (3400
Ancient Near BCE) Standard of in stone relief BCE) Hammurabi writes his
East (3500 BCE Ur, Ziggurat of Ur, Bull Lyre law code (1780 BCE);
– 636 BCE)
Chapter 2 Akkadian (2200 BCE) Head of Akkadian Rule, Stele
of Naram- code (1780 BCE);
Sin
Neo-Sumerian (2050 Gudea of Lagash, Stele of
BCE) and Babylonian Hammurabi
(2000 BCE)
Assyrian (720) and Lamassu Guard, Gate of Ishtar
Neo-
Babylonian (600
BCE)
Egyptian (3500 Dynastic Period Palette of Namer, Khafre, Step Art with an afterlife Narmer unites Upper/Lower
BCE – 30 BCE) (3000 Pyramid (Imhotep), Great focus: pyramids and Egypt (3100 BCE); Rameses II
Chapter 3 BCE) and Old Pyramids of Giza tomb painting, battles the Hittites (1274 BCE);
Kingdom
(2000 BCE)
Middle Kingdom Tombs carved into mountains

New Kingdom (1500 Mortuary Temple of Queen

BCE) and Hatshepsut,
Armana Period (1350 Abu Simbel (Ramses II)
BCE) Akhenaton and
his family, Bust of Nefertiti
Ancient Greece Cycladic (Cyclades Cycladic figurines (Geometric Greek idealism: balance, Athens defeats Persia at
(3000 BCE – Islands) (2500 BCE) women perfect proportions; Marathon (490 BCE);
1200 BCE) with folder arms, Seated Harp architectural orders Peloponnesian Wars (431
Chapter 4 Player) (Doric, Ionic, b.c.–404 BCE); Alexander the
Minoan (Crete) (1500 Palace of Knossos, Leaping Corinthian) Great's conquests (336 b.c.–
BCE) Bull fresco, 323 BCE.)
Snake Goddess, Octopus
Vase, Harvesters Vase
Mycenaean Funerary mask, Lions Gate,
(mainland Treasury of
Greece) (1200 BCE) Atreus
Greek and Geometric and Geometric Krater Greek idealism: balance, Athens defeats Persia at
Hellenistic (900 Orientalizing (800 perfect proportions; Marathon (490 BCE);
BCE – 30 BCE) BCE) architectural orders Peloponnesian Wars (431
Chapter 5 Archaic (550 BCE) Kouros, Kore, vases by (Doric, Ionic, b.c.– 404 BCE); Alexander the
Exekias, Corinthian) Great's
(amphora, kraters) conquests (336 b.c.–323
Early and High Kritios Boy, Riace Warrior, BCE.)
Classical Art (450 Everything
BCE) on the Acropolis (Parthenon –
Iktinos and
Kallikrates) Doryphors/Spear
Bearer
(Polykleitos – “perfect”
sculptures), Athena Partheonos
(Phidias),
Diskobolus/Discus Thrower
(Myron)
Late Classical (350 Hermes and Infant Dionysos
BCE) (Praxiteles),
Aphrodite of Knidos
(Praxiteles),
Apoxyomenos/Scraper,
(Lysippos)
 Hellenistic (200 BCE) Dying Gaul, Laocoon & Sons,
Nike of
Samothrace, Altar of Zeus,
Etruscan (700 Etruscan (600 BCE) Sarcophagus from Cerveteri, Mixture of Greek and Occupied Italy in the early
BCE – 509 BCE) Apulu Roman Styles, Roman days and were wiped
Chapter 6 (Apollo), Interior of the Tomb of composite columns, use out
the of these styles in their
Reliefs Cerveteri, Italy homes, sophisticated
tombs
Roman (735 Roman Republic Temple of Portunus, Pompeii verism, Roman realism: Julius Caesar assassinated
BCE - 337 CE) (200 BCE) frescoes practical and down to (44 BCE.); Augustus
Chapter 7 earth; the arch Imperial proclaimed Emperor (27 BCE);
Early Empire (50 CE) Ara Pacis, Portrait of Augustus,
Procession Diocletian splits Empire (292
Maison
CE); Rome falls (476 CE)
Carree, Pont-du-Gard,
Colosseum
High Roman (150 The Pantheon, Equestrian
CE) Statue of Marcus Aurelius,
Portrait busts, Pantheon
(Hadrian)
Late Empire (250 The 4 Tetrarchs, Arch of
CE) Constantine, Constantine the
Great, Aula Palatina
Late Antiquity/ Early Christian (400 Old St. Peter’s, Mausoleum of Central plan churches, Christianity was found by
Early Christian CE) Galla Placidia, Good Shepherd, Christian images Jesus Christ, Christians hide in
(192 – 526) Santa Constanza, St. the Roman Empire to escape
Chapter 8 Apollinare Nuovo harsh persecutions,
Constantine granted religious
tolerance
Byzantine and Byzantine (600 CE) St. Michael the Archangel, Heavenly Byzantine Justinian partly restores
(324 CE - 1453 Justinian and Attendants (San mosaics; Islamic Western
CE) Chapter 9 Vitale), Hagia Sophia, architecture and amazing Roman Empire (533–562);
maze-like design, Iconoclasm Controversy (726–
Beginning of manuscript 843); Birth of Islam (610) and
Illumination Muslim Conquests (632–732)
Islamic Islamic (1000) Dome of the Rock, Mosque of Five Pillars of Faith, Muhammad born 570 CE, at
(622 - 1924) Córdoba, Palace of the Lions, Koran, arabesques, age of 40 receives calling as a
Chapter 10 Mosque of Selim II, calligraphy, quibla wall, prophet of a new religion, Dies
horseshoe arch, mosque 632 CE
Early Medieval Warrior Lords (600) Sutton Hoo Ship purse cover, Portable works, Migration period, Viking Raids
(410 -1024) Animalhead Post interlacing patterns, (793–1066); Battle of Hastings
Chapter 11 Hiberno-Saxon (800) Chi Rho Iota page of Book of Illuminated manuscript, (1066)
Kells, Lindisfarne Gospels, Cloissonne, Burial relics
Animal style jewelry
Carolingian (800) Ebbo Gospels, Crucifixion
Cover from the Lindau Gospels,
Palatine Chapel
Ottonian (900) Gero Crucifix, St. Michael’s,
Bronze door of Bishop
Bernward, Durham
Cathedral,
Romanesque Romanesque (1100) St. Sernin, Autun Cathedral Heavy walls, smaller Crusades I–IV (1095–1204);
(950 -1100) (and sculptures by Gislebertus), window, Pilgrimages,
Chapter 12 Reliquary of Sainte-Foy, Pisa Relics
Cathedral, Durham Cathedral,
Bayeux Tapestry
Gothic (1140 - Gothic (1200) St. Denis (Abbot Suger-1st Stained Glass! Tall Black Death (1347–1351);
1300) Gothic bldg), Reims, Notre churches, Flying Hundred Years' War (1337–
Chapter 13 Dame, Chartres (jamb statues), Buttresses, Rayonnant 1453)
Reims, Amien, Sainte Chapelle, Style
Salisbury Cathedral, Ekkehard
and Uta, Rottgen Pieta

Late Late Medieval Italy Madonna Enthroned (Cimabue, Figures starting to have Italy had many city-states,
Medieval/Late (1300) Duccio, and Giotto), Arena form with shadows,
Gothic/Proto- Chapel frescos (Giotto), Maesta Italian buildings stressed
Renaissance Altarpiece (Duccio), Good and width and height
(1200 -1400) Bad Government frescoes
Chapter 14 (Lorenzetti), Baptistery of San
Giovanni Doors (Pisano)
Early Northern Early Northern Très Riches Heures (Limbourg
Renaissance Renaissance (1400s) Brothers) (Book of Hours)
(1400s) Chapter Merode Altarpiece (Campin)
20 Ghent Altarpiece (Hubert and
Jan Van Eyck), Arnolfini Portrait
(Jan Van Eyck) Deposition
(Van der Weyden)
Oil painting, extreme Gutenberg invents movable
detail, symbolism, type (1447); Turks conquer
donors included in Constantinople (1453);
altarpieces, Columbus lands in New World
(1492);

Early Italian Early Renaissance Ghiberti's Doors, Brunelleschi, Rebirth of classical Gutenberg invents movable
Renaissance (1450) Donatello, Botticelli, Masaccio, culture, Medici as a type (1447); Turks conquer
(1400s) Annunciation (Fra Angelico) patron, use of linear Constantinople (1453);
Chapter 21 Foreshortened Christ perspective, frescoes Columbus lands in New World
(Mantegna) and tempera, Cosimo (1492);
d’Medici’s neo-platonic
academy
High Italian & High Renaissance Leonardo, Michelangelo, Many papal commissions Martin Luther starts
Venetian (1550) Raphael, Bramante, Bellini, Reformation (1517)
Renaissance Giorgione,Titian
(1500s) Chapter
22
Northern Venetian and Dürer, Bruegel, Bosch, Jan van The Renaissance Council of Trent and Counter-
Renaissance Northern Eyck, Rogier van der Weyden spreads northward to Reformation (1545–1563);
(1430–1550) Renaissance (1500) France, the Low Copernicus proves the Earth
Chapter 23 Countries, Poland, revolves around the Sun
Germany, and England (1543)
Mannerism Mannerism (1550) Last Supper (Tintoretto), El Art that breaks the rules; Magellan circumnavigates the
(1527–1580) Greco, Entombment of Christ elongated and twisted globe (1520–1522)
Chapter 23 (Pontormo, Madonna with the bodies,
Long Neck (Parmigianino),
Bronzino, Cellini
Italian Baroque Baroque (1650) Rubens, Caravaggio, Bernini, Splendor, art as a Thirty Years' War between
(1600–1750) Gentileschi, Palace of weapon in the religious Catholics and Protestants
Versailles Velazquez (Spain) wars (1618–1648), Counter-
Reformation in Italy
Dutch Baroque Still-Life (Claesz) Genre Still-life’s, genre
Chapter 25 (Vermeer), Portraits (Hals and paintings, portraits, and
(1600s) Rembrandt) Landscapes landscapes

Rococo (1700s) Rococo (1700s) Pilgrimage to Cythera
Chapter 26 (Watteau), The Swing
(Fragonard), Cuvilles’s Hall of
Mirrors
Neoclassical Neoclassical (1800) David, Ingres, Kauffmann,
(1750–1850) West, Vigee- Lebrun, Chiswick
Chapter 26 House (Boyle & Kent),
Monticello (Jefferson)
English: Gainsborough,
Reynolds, Hogarth (Marriage a
la mode series, satire)
Highly decorative, ‘frilly” Louis XIV in France
posh Louis XIV
Art that recaptures Enlightenment (18th century);
Greco-Roman grace and Industrial Revolution (1760–
grandeur 1850)
Grand Manner
portraiture

Romanticism Romanticism (1800) Friedrich, Constable, Goya, The triumph of American Revolution (1775–
(1780–1850) Cole, Gericault, Delacroix, imagination and 1783); French Revolution
Chapter 27 Turner, individuality (1789–1799); Napoleon
crowned emperor of France
(1803)
Realism (1848– Realism (1860) Courbet, Daumier, Millet Celebrating working European democratic
1900) Chapter class and peasants; en revolutions of 1848
27 plein air rustic painting

Photography Photography (1850) The Gross Clinic (Eakins), A Daguerreotype, calotype,

(1850) Harvest of Death (O’Sullivan),
Horse Galloping (Muybridge)

Arts & Crafts, Arts & Crafts Casa Mila Natural forms, repeated
Art Nouveau (England), designs of floral and
(1900) Art Nouveau geometric patterns
(Paris) (1900)
Impressionism Impressionism Monet, Manet, Renoir, Pissarro, Capturing fleeting Franco-Prussian War (1870–
(1865–1885) (1865–1885) Cassatt, Morisot, Degas effects of natural light 1871); Unification of Germany
Chapter 28 (1871)

Post- Post-Impressionism Van Gogh, Gauguin, Cézanne, A soft revolt against Belle Époque (late-19th-
Impressionism (1900) Seurat Impressionism century Golden Age); Japan
(1885–1910) defeats Russia (1905)
Chapter 28
Fauvism and Fauvism and Matisse, Kirchner, Kandinsky, Harsh colors and flat Boxer Rebellion in China
Expressionism Expressionism Marc surfaces (Fauvism); (1900); World War (1914–
(1900–1935) (1910) emotion distorting form 1918)
Chapter 29
Cubism, Cubism, Futurism, Picasso, Braque, Boccioni, Pre– and Post–World Russian Revolution (1917);
Futurism, Supremativism, Malevich, Mondrian War 1 art experiments: American women franchised
Supremativism, Constructivism, De new forms to express (1920)
De Still (1905– Still (1905–1920) modern life
1920)
Chapter 29
Dada and Dada (1920) and Duchamp, Dalí, Ernst, Magritte, Ridiculous art; painting Disillusionment after World
Surrealism Surrealism (1930) Kahlo dreams and exploring War I; The Great Depression
(1917–1950) the unconscious, ready- (1929–1938); World War II
Chapter 29 mades (1939–1945) and Nazi horrors;
atomic bombs dropped on
Japan (1945)
Abstract Abstract Pollock, de Kooning, Rothko, Post–World War II: pure Cold War and Vietnam War
Expressionism Expressionism Warhol, Lichtenstein abstraction and (U.S. enters 1965); U.S.S.R.
(1940s–1950s) (1945) and Pop Art expression without form; suppresses Hungarian revolt
and Pop Art (1960s) popular art absorbs (1956) Czechoslovakian revolt
(1960s) consumerism (1968)
Chapter 30
 Postmodernism Postmodernism and Cindy Sherman, Christo and Art without a center and Nuclear freeze movement;
and Deconstructivism Jeanne-Claude, Kiefer, Frank reworking and mixing Cold Nuclear freeze
Deconstructivism (1970) Gehry, past styles movement; Cold
(1970) Chapter
31

Modern Art Movements

1. Symbolists: de Chavannes, Moreau, Redon, Rousseau
2. Art Nouveau: Horta, Beadsley, Gaudi
Abstraction: (Art About “Ideas”)
3. Analytical Cubism: Picasso, Brauqe
4. Synthetic Cubism: Picasso, Braque
5. Orphism: Delauneay
6. American (2nd Gen.) Cubist: Hartley, Davis, Douglas
7. Futurism: Balla, Boccioni, Severini
Expressionism: (Art about “Feelings”)
8. Vienna Successionists: Klimt, Schiele
9. Fauvism: Matisse, Derain
10. Die Brucke: Kirshner, Nolde
11. Der Blaude Reiter: Krandinsky, Marc
12. Neue Sachlichkeit/New Objectivity: Gros, Beckmann, Dix, Kollwitz Art about “Ideas”:
13. Dada: Arp, Duchamp
14. Surrealism: de Chirico, Ernst, Dali, Magritte, Oppenheim
15. American Regionalism: Wood, Lawrence, Hopper
16. Mexican Muralists: Orozco, Rivera
17. Constructivism/ Supermatism: Malevich, Gabo
18. Purism: Le Corbusier, Leger
19. DeStijl: Mondrian, Rietveld
20. Bauhaus: Gropius, Meis van der Rohe
21. International Style Architecture: le Corbusier
22. Prairie Style: Frank Lloyd Wright
23. Organic Sculpture: Brancusi, Moore
A Return to Expressionist Sensibilities:
24. Post War European Espressionism: Bacon, Giacometti
25. Abstract Exoressionism: Polluck, De Kooning, Klein, Rothko
A Return to Formalism:
26. Color Field: Newman, Rothko, Frankenthaler, Louis
27. Hard Edge: Kelly, (early) Stella
28. Minimalism: Judd, Tony Smith
29. Assemblage/ Neo Dada: Rauschenberg, Johns
30. Pop Art: Lichtenstein, Warhol, Oldenburg
31. American Women Sculptors: Nevelson, Bourgeois, Hesse
32. Performance Art: Tanguely, Beuys
33. Conceptual Art: Kosuth, Nauman, Beuys
34. Super Realism: Close, Hanson
35. Earth Art: Smithson, Christo, Heizer
36. Neo Expressionism: Schnabel, Kiefer, Susan Rothenburg
37. Feminist Art: Chicago, Sherman, Kruger, Wilke, Holzer, Lorna Simpson, Kara Walker