Tips For Concrete

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED

ECC DIVISION (ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION & CONTRACTS)

OBEROI SPLENDOR PROJECT

JOGESHWARI (E), MUMBAI

TIPS FOR CONCRETE

- BY Y. T. NAGARAJA

By Y T Nagaraja

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Tips For Concrete

By Y T Nagaraja

https://civil4m.com
Tips For Concrete

Concrete Ingredients ;-
Carefully selecting the ingredients of the concrete confirming to the I S STANDARDS
viz. Coarse & fine Aggregates, Cement, Fly ash, Micro silica, Admixtures & Water etc.

a) Quarry will be selected on the testing of the crushing strength,

chemical analysis as well as physical.
b) Sand ;- Availability will also identify on visit to the river bed &
testing done as per the requirement of IS- 383 chemically as well as
physically
c) Cement ;- cement from the standard company only procured on
obtaining the standard deviation of their product vise mainly
Ultratech, Ambuja, & ACC Cement etc.
d) Fly ash ;- Fly ash procuring from reliance energy thermal plant At
Dahanu & Testing it for physical & chemical parameters required
under the I S Specifications.
e) Admixtures ;- Procuring admixture & careful selection on trail as
required to our specifications & requirements.
1) Retard Plast ;- Using up to the Grade of M-30.
2) Supa Plast HP S-1 :- Using for M-40 & M-50 Grade of concrete as it
has the capacity of water reducing property up to 20 to 25%.
3) Chemsonite HP 450 UM ;- Used for mivan grade concrete M-30, M-
40 & M-50.

Concrete: - Is a homogenous mixture of aggregate, sand and cement

etc.

Excess water in concrete will lead to segregation.

(W/C) ratio determines strength. Lower the (W/C) ratio higher the
strength provided mix is workable.

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Tips For Concrete

Guidelines for Ready Mix Concrete:-

Minimum slump for Ready Mix Concrete is 80 mm.

Percentage of Coarse Aggregates in Mix → 60% of total Agg..

Percentage of 20 mm in Mix → 52 to 55 % of C A wrt Gradation of agg.

Percentage of 10 mm in Mix → 48 to 45 % of C A wrt Gradation of agg.

Percentage of Fine Aggregates in Mix → 40 % of total Agg.

Percentage of River Sand in Mix → 65 % for ideal gradation using

crusher sand of jaw crusher.

Percentage of Crusher Sand in Mix → 35 % for ideal gradation using

crusher sand of jaw crusher.
.

Crusher Sand can be used up to 100 %, if Cubical CS is available (i.e. CS

produced from Impact / VSI crusher)

For Crusher Sand used in concrete fraction passing 150µ should not be
more than 20%.

For River Sand used in concrete fraction passing 150µ should not be
more than 10% as per IS 383.

For River Sand used in concrete F.M. shall be between 2.60 to 3.40.

In case of coarse River sand increase crusher sand up to 50% of fine

aggregates.

In case of coarse 10 mm up to say up to 25 % oversize, decrease 20 mm

in proportion of oversize material and increase 10 mm by same
percentage.

In case of under size 10 mm up to say up to 35 % undersize, increase

10 mm by 35 % and reduce River sand in same proportion.

For making pump able Concrete mix fraction passing 600µ in fine
aggregates should be minimum 20 to 25% for good cohesive mix.

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Tips For Concrete

In rainy season if crusher sand in not easily discharged through

Batching plant bins 10 to 15 % Mahad sand of zone 2 can be used
instead of crusher sand for improving cohesiveness.

Even 100% Mahad sand can be used provided fine aggregates are
restricted to 36%.

In case of harsh and non-cohesive mix increase River sand and 10 mm

by 25 kg each and reduce 20 mm by 50 kg.

For 10 mm down aggregates increase cement content by 20 to 30 kg /

m3 and for 40 mm down reduce by 20 kg.

For grades up to M-60 aggregates fail when cube is tested.

For M-70 and M-80 (Cement sand transition zone will fail when cube is
tested).

For higher grades M-70 and M-80 (Cement sand matrix to be made very
strong to take load). For higher grades above M-60 under size

20 mm aggregates (16.50 mm) are preferred.

For M-60 grade and above coarse river sand is preferred without
blending with crusher sand. Fines will be provided by cementitious
material.

For M-70 and M-80 grades up to 15 to 17 % Fly Ash can be used.

Maximum limit for OPC is 450 kg / m3 as per IS code.

Maximum limit for PPC is not mentioned in IS codes.

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Tips For Concrete

Admixtures:-
Used for Workability, Slump-retention, reducing water cement ratio,
accelerator or Passivator.

Up to M-30 grade concrete→ Retardplast of SWC can be used.

Up to M-40 grade concrete→ Supa-plast HP RMC can be used.

For M-50 grade concrete→ Supa-plast HP 80 can be used.

For M-60 grade concrete→ Supa-plast HP SG can be used.

For M-70 and M-80 only PC based admixtures should be used (Designed
by BASF). PC based admixtures give 45 to 50 % water reduction.

For Mivan Concrete up to M-50 grade→ Chemsonite SP-450 UM can be

used. Chemsonite gives 30 to 35 % water reduction.

Above 1% dosage for any admixture trials shall be conducted for

observation of setting time.

Coarse aggregate→ (Basalt Rock)

Turbhe→ 20 mm and 10 mm (Available in different belts of Black,
reddish, white to be properly selected).

Uran Fata→20 mm and 10 mm (Available in different belts of Black,

reddish, white to be properly selected). Slightly higher rates.

Virar→ (20 mm and Crusher sand is good but 10 mm is Flaky)

Bhavandi→ (Black colour Best Quality used for M-70 grade and above
high rates due to long distance)

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Tips For Concrete

River Sand →

Vaitarna preferred (Zone 1 or Coarser with 3 to 4 % silt content).

Halavali (Zone 1 ok for Concrete).

Mahad near Belapur (Zone 2 silt content up to 6% or even more) can be

used up to 36 % without blending with crusher sand.

Narangi (Zone 2 silt content up to 20% or even more cannot be used for
Concrete).

Kanoda (Zone 1 Mixed with Reddish Colour mud cannot be used).

Test on Aggregates:-Coarse Aggregates→

Sr. Physical Tests Sr. Chemical Tests

No. No.
1 Grading 1 Chloride Content
2 Surface Moisture 2 Sulphate Content
3 Water Absorption 3 Soundness by MgSo4 or Na2So4
4 Dry Loose bulk 4 Alkali Aggregate reactivity
density
5 Specific gravity 5 Deleterious material if any
6 Elongation Index 6 PH Value
7 Flakiness Index
8 Crushing Value
9 Impact Value
10 Abrasion Value
11 Petrographic
Examination

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Tips For Concrete

Test on Aggregates:-Fine Aggregates→

Sr. Physical Tests Sr. Chemical Tests

No.
1 Grading and Finess
modulus
2 Silt Content
3 Surface Moisture
4 Water Absorption
5 Dry Loose Bulk
Density
6 Specific gravity
7 Petrographic
Examination (Only
for Crusher sand).
No.
1 Chloride Content
2 Sulphate Content
3 Soundness by MgSo4 or Na2So4
4 Alkali Aggregate reactivity
5 Deleterious material if any
6 Organic / In- Organic impurities
7 PH Value.

Test on Concrete Admixture→

Admixture performance test for every new batch is

must:-

Sr. Chemical Tests

No.

1 Chloride Content
2 Sulphate Content
3 PH Value
4 Total Solids
5 Specific Gravity
6 Ash Content
7 Dry Material Content

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Tips For Concrete
Test on OPC and PPC→
Sr. Physical Tests
No.
1 Compressive strength
3, 7& 28 days
2 Normal Consistency
3 Initial and final
setting
4 Fineness
5 Soundness
6 Specific gravity
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Sr. Chemical Tests
No.
1 Loss on Ignition
2 Insoluble Residue
3 Sulphur tri Oxide
4 Sio2 Content
5 Alumina Content
6 Iron Content
7 Calcium Oxide
8 Magnesium Oxide
9 Chloride Content
10 Total Alkali Content
11 Tri-calcium Aluminate
12 Dicalcium Silicate
13 Tri-calcium Silicate
14 Al2O3, Fe2o3
15 Lime saturation factor
16 Free Lime
17 Specific Surface
Tips For Concrete

Design Of Concrete Mixes :-

On obtaining all the test data, mix design calculations, on the basis of client
requirements & I S Specifications. Mix design calculation as per IS guidelines I S –
10262- guidelines of mix design which is more appropriate to our requirements. Trial
mixes conducted in the laboratory type mixer, observe the workability, slump
retention, cohesiveness etc.
& cast the cubes observe the compressive strength of various Ages (24 hrs, 36 hrs,
72hrs, 7 days & 28 days)
On obtaining the target mean strength mix design submit to the client for their
approval.

Approach To Mix Design.

• Introduction to Mix Design.
• Definition of Concrete .
• Ingredients of Concrete Specification.
• Workability.
• Maximum size of Aggregates.
• The Limitation of MAS.
• Coarse and Fine Aggregate.
• Fineness of Aggregate.
• Admixture.
• Water.
• Criteria of Concrete mix design.
• Durability.
• Mix design calculation.

Introduction:-
Concrete mix design is a step by step procedure to
work out the various proportions of the
ingredients which go in to concrete.
There are various methods of mix design available , only
give the guidelines to work out the
various parameters of the concrete mix design.

By Y T Nagaraja

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Tips For Concrete

Definition of Concrete :-
Concrete is the building material compossed of sand, gravel.
crushed rock held together by hardened paste of cement
and water.
Throughly mixed ingredients , properly proportioned
make plastic mass which can be cast / moulded in
predetermined size and shape , upon hydration of the
cement by water , concrete becomes stone like in sterength
& hard mass.

Ingredients of Concrete :-

It is a mixture of ordinary portland cement /ppc , water,coarse

& fine.aggregate and some time admixture / mineral
admixture added.concrete can also be considered the
suspention of coarse aggregate in a matrix of cement
morter. aggregates acts as a filler material,the voids of coarse aggregate are filled by
fine aggregate & voids in fine aggregates are filled by cement , water paste.

Concrete specification :-
Before commencing the mix design it is necessary to study the
specification of concrete and have the enough information
of environment arround the structure/site viz. size of strucure, cross section of
structure, reinforcement details, methods proposed for batching
& mixing , transportation, placing and compaction of concrete.

TABLE 1 (A) , 1 (B), 1 ( C ) And TABLE 2 OF IS 456-2000 To be followed.

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Tips For Concrete

Workability :-
Workability means ease flow of concrete all &
arround reinforcementof the structure with out
segregation & separation , cohessive and plastic.

(A) Compactability : concrete can be compacted and air voids removed.

(B) Mobilitty :concrete can flow in to the form work, arround steel and be moulded.
(C) Stability or ability : to remain stable , cohessive & homogenious mass while
handling and vibrating without constituents segregation.
(D) workability normally designated as very low, low, medium , high and very high
(TABLE 3)

Maximum size of Aggregates :-

Normal concrete contain aggregates of 20 mm or
40 mm maximum size and grading down to 150 micron .
Even 10 mm maximum size aggregate can also be used .
massive work or large un reinforced pours mas 150 mm
or down used.

A. minimum dimenions of the concrete section to be

cast should not be less than about four time the mas.

B. The concrete cover to the embeded steel generally should not be less than mas or
better still it should be 5 mm more than mas.

Coarse & Fine Aggregates :-

There are various physical & chemical properties of
aggregate which influence concrete properties.
Refer table (5).

Fineness represent the zone number, mix design fully

depend upon shape & texture of aggregates.

(1) Rounded gravel aggregate.

(2) Irregular gravel aggregates.

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Tips For Concrete

(3) Crushed rock aggregate.

Refer table 2 for ca & table 4 for fa and table 5 for all in aggregate. (IS 383 )
Fineness of aggregate also play an important role,
which influence the water demand of to concrete mix.
in fine aggregate ,zone were classified i to iv (is 383 ).
Higher of the 600 micron passing , material higher in
the fineness and represent the zone number.
(refer table 4). is 383

Water :-
Water required primarily for lubricate the surfaceof aggregate particles and provide
fluuidity to the mix.The quantity of water require only 25 % of the mass of The
cement and the quantity of water required depends upon aggregate texture , fineness
and shape of the aggregate.Water used for mixing the conct\rete should be potable.
confirms to IS 456-2000.

Admixture :-
Admixture added to the concrete to modify its
properties such as reduce the surface tension of
water & to lubricate particles more easily and
increasing workability.to reducce the cost of concrete in transportation
& placing.refer IS 9103-1979, admixture mainly grouped,

(1) Sulphanated malamin formaldihyde condensate.

(2) Sulphanated napthaline formaldihyde condensate.
(3) Modified ligno sulphanate.
(4) PC admixture.
The function of the said admixture - retardation, accelaration, retard cum plasticiser
and water reducing admixture.

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Tips For Concrete

Durability :-
One of the most importent properties of concrete
is durability i.e. resistance of weathering action
due to atmospheric changes in temperature &
humidity , chemical attack, fire etc.
volume changes of concrete which directly effect
The durability of concrete.
(1) Chemical combination of cement and water.
(2) Combination of alkali cement with reactive aggregates.
(3) Changes in moisture contents.
(4) Sulphate attacks.
(5) Chemical combination of calcium hydroxide libarated in hydration of cement and
carbon dioxide from atmosphere.
If concrete is porous, its durability reduced to ensure
the durabuility under different condition of exposure,
guide lines given in IS 456-2000.

Criteria of Concrete mix design :-

Follwing charastaristic to be acchived on
designing the concrete.

• Ultimate crushing strength.

• Density.
• Permiability.
• Moisture movement ( shrinkage on drying ).
• Creep ( plastic deformation under load).
• Workability.
• It is assumed concrete having required
• Compressive strength favoures other.
• Charastaristics also high density concrete having
• High comopressive strength.

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Tips For Concrete

CONCRETE MIX DESIGN DATA FOR M.50 GARADE ( OPC )MIVAN.

A. DESIGN STIPULATION:

1 CHARASTARISTIC COMP. STERENGTH @ 28 DAYS 50 N/MM2

2 MAXIMUM SIZE OF AGGREGATE SIZE 20 MM
160 TO 170 MM AT
3 DEGREE OF WORKABILITY SITE
4 DEGREE OF QUALITY CONTROL GOOD
5 TYPE OF EXPOSURE MILD
6 MINIMUM CEMENT CONTENT AS PER IS 456-2000
7 MAXIMUM FREE WATER CEMENT RATIO AS PER IS 456-2000

B. TEST DATA FOR CONCRETE INGREDIENTS

1 SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF CEMENT 3.15

2 SETTING TIME OF CEMENT INITIAL 150 MIN
FINAL 195 MIN
3 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH 44.2 N/MM2 @ 3 DAYS
53.8 N/MM2 @ 7 DAYS
61.60 N/MM2 @ 28 DAYS

4 SPECIFIC GRACVITY OF CA & FA 20 MM 2.897

10MM 2.683
R/SAND 2.747
CR/ SAND 2.683

5 WATER ABSORPTION 20 MM 1.51

10MM 1.88
R/SAND 3.31
CR/ SAND 4.21

6 CHARACTERSTIC STRENGTH @ 28 DAYS 50 N/MM2

7 TARGET MEAN STERENGTH : DEPEND UPON DEGREE OF QUALITY CONTROL

AND ACCEPTED 5 % LOW STRENGTH TEST RESULTS
"GOOD" BELOW
CHARACTERSTIC STRENGTH GIVEN BY THE RELATION(STD. DIV. 5 N/MM2 )

50 +(1.65 *5 ) = 58.25 N/MM2.

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Tips For Concrete

C. QUANTITIES OF INGREDIENTS ( BY ABSOLUTE VOL. METHOD )

ACTUAL CEMENT USED 450 KG/CUM

ACTUAL FLY ASH USED 110 KG/CUM
W/C FIXED 0.30
ABSOLUTE VOLUME OF CEMENT 0.143
ABSOLUTE VOLUME OF AIR 0.02
ABSOLUTE VOL OF WATER. 0.168
ABSOLUTE VOL OF FLY ASH. 0.049

TOTAL VOLUME OF CA & FA USED: 1.00-(0.143+0.02 +0.049+0.168 )

0.620 CUM

D. AGGREGATE PERCENT USED.

20 MM 27
10 MM 25
R/SAND 31
CR/SAND 17
(2.897*0.27) + (2.683*0.25) +(2.747* 0.31 ) +(2.638 *0.17) *0.620*1000

(0.782* +0.670*+0.851 +0.456).620*1000

485 +415+527+283 =1710/560 =3.054

AGGT: CEMENT = 1 :3.054

MIX PROPORTION = 0.30 :1 :0.94 :0.50 :0.74:0.87

E. ABSTRACT:

485
20 MM KG/CUM
415
10 MM KG/CUM
527 KG
R/SAND /CUM
283
CR.SAND KG/CUM
168
WATER KG/CUM
ADMIXTURE 1.2 % BY WT/WT OF C+F(UCOPLAST SP-450 UM)

CUBE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH ( N/MM2):

1 DAYS 14.22
3 DAYS 29.66
7 DAYS 38.43
28 DAYS AWAITED
QC INCHARGE.

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Tips For Concrete

Concrete cube strength - M50 Grade ( Mivan)

Sl.n
o Grade of Ceme 15 24 36 3 7 28
Date nt
conc. Hrs Hrs Hrs days days days

1 28-Nov-07 M 50 (M) OPC 6.13 14.22 22.00 30.29 40.41 54.15

2 28-Nov-07 M 50 (M) OPC 2.98 13.29 20.00 28.68 39.51 52.73
3 29-Nov-07 M 50 (M) OPC 7.47 16.27 21.02 31.32 41.45 55.35
4 30-Nov-07 M 50 (M) OPC 12.44 16.62 22.93 30.73 36.49 50.61
5 3-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 2.35 10.31 16.89 27.60 35.10 53.88
6 4-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 10.67 13.33 17.42 26.55 33.93 55.08
7 4-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 4.09 11.60 13.64 27.75 32.82 54.83
8 5-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 2.08 9.24 13.02 24.49 34.93 50.59
9 6-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 1.06 8.09 17.38 25.48 35.91 53.43
10 7-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 7.06 11.82 14.27 24.46 34.31 53.78
11 7-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 2.13 9.11 15.46 23.54 34.73 54.21
12 8-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 0.67 7.38 16.27 25.73 35.29 53.43
13 9-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 10.22 12.98 20.36 31.11 40.39 55.48
14 10-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 4.18 13.78 18.80 28.58 36.47 51.60
15 10-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 1.55 10.04 18.36 29.17 36.53 51.67
16 11-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 7.47 14.04 19.96 32.02 38.65 54.70
17 12-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 7.64 11.96 18.53 27.26 36.09 51.96
18 12-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 2.58 10.44 18.18 29.39 35.88 55.18
19 15-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 7.02 10.27 17.82 25.10 34.50 53.44
20 18-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 9.42 13.24 17.64 26.03 36.09 52.67
21 18-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 1.38 9.96 17.82 27.38 36.64 54.04
22 18-Dec-07 M 50 (M) PPC 1.02 13.56 19.91 28.77 35.38 51.44
23 19-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 7.87 13.91 16.98 31.61 40.81 57.39
24 20-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 6.76 14.92 20.62 28.89 40.70 54.19
25 21-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 6.75 12.75 17.28 30.70 40.55 54.52
26 21-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 7.91 14.17 18.31 28.96 35.94 51.79
27 22-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 6.67 14.44 18.00 27.23 36.37 52.80
28 24-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 7.24 14.84 18.56 26.46 32.19 58.22
29 24-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 2.93 13.20 16.36 26.07 32.96 57.57
30 25-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 8.09 14.67 17.78 25.85 35.32 54.10
31 25-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 6.67 13.47 18.76 27.56 35.81 55.36
32 26-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 6.26 10.76 18.80 27.54 35.57 51.08
33 27-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 8.13 11.60 18.80 25.76 35.16 51.81
34 28-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 3.64 9.51 17.51 26.86 34.77 49.21
35 28-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 4.58 10.00 18.53 28.01 36.80 50.13
36 28-Dec-07 M 50 (M) PPC 2.48 12.00 18.80 28.58 36.93 53.96
37 29-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 1.60 11.78 15.02 23.41 34.55 54.12
38 30-Dec-07 M 50 (M) OPC 8.00 12.93 18.89 29.10 37.91 57.68
39 1-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.82 7.64 11.29 28.25 37.77 54.03
40 1-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 0.80 7.60 13.91 28.13 36.64 50.06
41 2-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 3.87 9.33 12.36 29.93 37.05 51.75
42 3-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 2.80 10.00 16.40 27.29 37.01 52.20
43 10-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 0.71 8.71 16.31 25.42 35.82 51.72

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Tips For Concrete

44 11-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 7.56 12.89 17.16 23.76 29.90 50.99

45 12-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 8.93 12.18 21.20 28.34 37.03 50.71
46 12-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 3.56 10.76 16.04 27.07 31.51 50.56
47 13-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 12.89 13.56 18.22 27.50 36.56 55.63
48 13-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.56 8.67 14.90 24.31 32.89 54.13
49 14-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 4.09 9.87 16.93 24.89 34.50 51.63
50 15-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 7.51 11.73 17.87 26.95 36.56 52.22
51 15-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 3.33 10.36 16.58 25.76 34.51 52.06
52 16-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 5.64 13.16 17.91 28.27 36.73 51.53
53 16-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 2.40 11.96 15.82 26.67 35.27 51.95
54 18-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 4.89 10.67 15.82 26.80 35.41 57.73
55 19-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 4.22 10.89 17.33 27.32 37.63 51.20
56 21-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 2.40 10.58 16.98 27.11 36.89 50.15
57 22-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 4.44 10.89 17.91 26.96 35.14 57.95
58 22-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 2.84 9.78 14.93 27.98 36.92 53.19
59 23-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 2.58 6.67 18.98 29.49 38.28 50.24
60 23-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 2.04 8.04 13.47 23.90 33.02 56.09
61 23-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 2.22 8.04 15.38 27.22 38.49 55.48
62 24-Jan-08 M 50 (M) PPC 9.91 12.00 16.40 29.14 37.08 50.84
63 25-Jan-08 M 50 (M) PPC 7.56 12.36 22.13 29.36 34.33 50.56
64 25-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 5.33 11.56 18.84 30.21 38.33 51.04
65 25-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 2.89 7.47 12.13 25.48 35.35 52.98
66 28-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.16 8.71 17.69 33.67 39.89 51.82
67 28-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.33 10.53 14.76 22.37 32.18 50.16
68 29-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.73 11.87 16.36 30.48 39.50 54.12
69 30-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 5.64 13.56 16.93 24.73 33.13 53.11
70 30-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.47 7.87 15.16 27.50 38.82 55.63
71 31-Jan-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.33 4.31 14.09 29.30 38.80 54.25
72 1-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 6.76 14.84 16.71 33.04 38.95 54.80
73 1-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 5.60 12.40 15.64 26.61 36.55 55.72
74 2-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.20 8.27 15.82 29.63 37.08 53.05
75 3-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.33 8.48 15.42 28.56 37.81 54.83
76 3-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.11 8.84 16.40 29.93 39.89 55.42
77 4-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 0.31 8.93 14.18 28.43 40.09 56.40
78 5-Feb-08 M 50 (M) PPC 4.58 11.56 18.22 30.89 38.80 55.26
79 5-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 3.78 7.60 16.89 26.74 36.61 53.14
80 5-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.73 8.27 17.33 27.54 36.19 52.00
81 6-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 3.78 6.09 16.22 25.97 34.15 50.44
82 7-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 0.67 2.31 13.38 29.93 38.09 52.20
83 7-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 0.53 4.80 11.73 25.04 35.76 54.74
84 8-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 3.38 8.22 17.87 30.30 37.31 54.32
85 9-Feb-08 M 50 (M) PPC 1.73 5.11 16.04 29.26 35.14 51.61
86 9-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 4.00 10.62 18.22 30.00 38.03 50.35
87 9-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 3.33 8.00 14.93 26.21 37.33 50.23
88 10-Feb-08 M 50 (M) PPC 1.60 7.60 17.60 32.28 39.83 53.67
89 11-Feb-08 M 50 (M) PPC 1.73 7.33 16.04 31.38 39.26 58.65
90 12-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 2.49 10.62 17.60 28.99 36.90 53.75
91 13-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 5.11 10.13 15.82 26.95 39.35 54.29
92 14-Feb-08 M 50 (M) PPC 0.80 10.40 17.29 29.29 34.65 51.44

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93 14-Feb-08 M 50 (M) PPC 3.11 11.60 18.04 30.86 45.02 55.63

94 15-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 5.64 12.80 16.40 27.46 33.91 52.51
95 16-Feb-08 M 50 (M) PPC 3.91 11.33 16.93 23.48 33.81 54.76
96 17-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 0.40 9.11 16.40 27.25 34.98 54.37
97 18-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.56 10.71 16.40 29.18 38.81 52.07
98 19-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 1.78 9.33 16.00 30.64 39.72 55.68
99 21-Feb-08 M 50 (M) OPC 2.18 11.51 19.02 24.79 34.88
100 21-Feb-08 M 50 (M) PPC 2.22 11.11 15.64 27.05 35.81
AVG.
COMP. N/MM 10.68 16.99 27.83 36.57
2
STRENGTH 4.150 6 1 3 5 53.339
AVG.%
COMP. 8.30 21.37 33.98 55.67 73.15 106.68
STRENGTH % % % % % %

Concrete Age Vs % Comp. Strength

120.00%
% Comp. Strength

100.00%
80.00%
60.00%
40.00%
20.00%
0.00%
15 Hrs 24 Hrs 36 Hrs 3 days 7 days 28 days
Age Of Concrete

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STDEV

GRADE : M 50 (M)
DATE OF :- 02.07.08 TO 27.02.09
AVE. COMP. STRENGTH (
SL DATE OF QUANTITY OF N/MM2) REMARKS
NO CASTING POUR (CUM ) 7 DAYS 28 DAYS
1 2/7/2008 60.00 37.91 53.97
2 3/7/2008 38.50 36.81 52.59
3 8/7/2008 35.00 34.25 54.16
4 16/7/2008 44.00 35.21 50.52
5 5/8/2008 81.50 35.29 52.75
6 14/8/2008 61.50 40.56 53.04
7 22/8/2008 77.00 35.84 53.78
8 26/8/2008 85.00 33.54 52.77
9 2/9/2008 41.00 34.71 53.48
10 7/9/2008 75.00 34.67 53.52
11 7/9/2008 74.50 34.74 52.34
12 10/9/2008 73.00 35.41 52.90
13 13/9/2008 78.00 34.15 52.46
14 16/9/2008 42.00 34.18 53.15
15 22/9/2008 76.50 34.90 52.77
16 24/9/2008 82.00 36.12 53.76
17 27/9/2008 65.50 37.70 53.98
18 29/9/2008 84.00 37.22 52.95
19 7/10/2008 84.50 34.56 53.67
20 15/10/2008 76.00 35.88 53.48
21 20/10/2008 77.00 35.30 52.40
22 29/10/2008 75.00 36.72 53.48
23 1/11/2008 13.00 34.92 52.47
24 4/12/2008 6.00 35.55 53.33
25 6/12/2008 84.00 35.74 54.00
26 6/12/2008 8.00 35.18 53.40
27 28/12/2008 10.00 35.70 53.99
28 1/1/2009 76.50 35.98 53.92
29 1/1/2009 6.00 36.89 54.01
30 3/1/2009 72.00 35.92 53.67
31 7/1/2009 75.00 36.15 54.91
32 7/1/2009 79.50 36.14 55.77
33 9/1/2009 74.00 37.70 55.11
34 13/1/2009 70.00 36.13 55.72
35 14/1/2009 76.00 30.24 44.21
36 17/1/2009 71.00 36.15 52.24

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37 19/1/2009 92.5 36.31 53.37

38 23/1/2009 75 35.96 54.59
39 24/1/2009 79.5 36.16 54.54
40 27/1/2009 80.00 36.40 53.06
41 28/1/2009 78.50 30.07 44.23
42 30/1/2009 15 36.93 54.15
43 2/2/2009 78.5 36.67 53.56
44 4/2/2009 77 35.77 53.09
45 6/2/2009 79.2 37.18 53.56
46 6/2/2009 71.5 36.26 53.30
47 9/2/2009 58.5 39.39 54.14
48 11/2/2009 75.00 37.48 54.51
49 11/2/2009 78 36.94 54.19
50 11/2/2009 78.00 36.94 54.19
51 14/2/2009 79.00 36.29 54.05
52 17/2/2009 77.50 38.14 53.24
53 18/2/2009 76.50 37.92 51.37
54 19/2/2009 55.00 37.93 54.39
55 26/2/2009 75.00 36.26 51.88
56 27/2/2009 75.00 37.49 53.43
STDEV 1.98

CONCRETE MIX DESIGN USED FOR OBEROI SPLENDOR PROJECT

Mix Proportions For 53 grade Cement
OPC Cement ( Ultratech )
R/ C/
Conc. Cement Fly Ash 20 mm 10 mm Sand Sand Admix Water Admix W/C
Grade ( Kg) ( Kg) ( Kg) ( Kg) ( Kg ) ( Kg ) ( Kg ) ( Kg ) Brand Ratio Structure

Retard
Plast
M 10 176 44 588 478 568 358 1.32 132 (SWC) 0.6 PCC
Retard
Plast Plum
M 20 260 60 516 478 616 415 1.92 160 (SWC) 0.5 Concrete
Retard
Plast
M 30 320 80 507 458 657 273 2.40 152 (SWC) 0.38 RCC
Supa Plast
M 40 400 80 432 417 642 313 4.80 154 HP S1 0.32 RCC
Supa Plast
M 50 450 110 402 382 626 299 6.72 146 HP S1 0.26 RCC

M 40 Chemsonite
( Mivan) 400 80 480 409 620 320 4.80 154 SP 450 UM 0.32 Mivan

M 50 Chemsonite
( Mivan) 450 110 496 429 542 291 5.60 157 SP 450 UM 0.28 Mivan

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PPC Cement ( Ambuja )

20 10 R/ C/
Conc. Cement Fly Ash mm mm Sand Sand ( Admix Water Admix W/C
Grade ( Kg ) ( Kg) ( Kg) ( Kg) ( Kg ) Kg ) ( Kg ) ( Kg ) Brand Ratio Structure

Retard Plast
M 10 220 - 588 478 568 358 1.32 132 (SWC) 0.60 PCC

Retard Plast Plum

M 20 320 - 516 478 616 415 1.92 160 (SWC) 0.50 Concrete
Retard Plast
M 30 420 - 466 428 578 357 3.36 159 (SWC) 0.38 RCC
Supa Plast
M 40 480 - 454 417 650 265 4.8 158 HP S1 0.33 RCC
Supa Plast
M 50 560 - 447 395 599 251 6.72 168 HP S1 0.30 RCC

M 40 Chemsonite RCC
( Mivan) 480 - 458 427 629 323 4.8 154 SP 450 UM 0.32 Mivan

M 50 Chemsonite RCC
( Mivan) 560 - 423 429 530 278 5.6 168 SP 450 UM 0.30 Mivan

PSC Cement ( Indoroma Commando )

Fly 10 R/ C/
Conc. Cement Ash 20 mm mm Sand Sand Admix Water Admix W/C
Grade ( Kg ) ( Kg ) ( Kg ) ( Kg) ( Kg ) ( Kg ) ( Kg ) ( Kg ) Brand Ratio Structure

Retard RCC
M 30 430 - 459 431 634 340 3.01 163 Plast 0.38 Mivan

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LAB TEST FORMATS

SIEVE ANALYSIS TEST

1 SOURCE : DATE :
2 SIZE OF AGGREGATES :
3 DATE OF SAMPLING :
4 DATE OF TESTING :
FREQUENCY OF
5
TESTING :
6 TESTING LOCATION :

SR.NO SIEVE SIZE W.T.RETD. CUM.W.T.RETD. CUMULATIVE % I.S.REQ. REM.

(mm) (Gms) (Gms) RETD. PASSING

10

11

TOTAL

F.M.=

Q.C.ENGINEER

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BULK DENSITY TEST

1 SOURCE : DATE :
2 SIZE OF AGGREGATES :
3 DATE OF SAMPLING :
4 DATE OF TESTING :
5 FREQUENCY OF TESTING :
6 TESTING LOCATION :

SR.NO DESCRIPTION
TRIAL-1 TRIAL-2

1 VOLUME OF CONTAINER IN (LITRES.)

2 WEIGHT OF EMPTY CONTAINER IN (KG)

3 WEIGHT OF CONTAINER + SAMPLE IN (KG)

4 WEIGHT OF SAMPLE IN (KG) (3-2)

5 BULK DENSITY ( 4 / 1 )

AVG.BULK DENSITY

Q.C.INCHARGE

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ELONGATION INDEX TEST

1 SOURCE : DATE:
2 SIZE OF AGGREGATES :
3 DATE OF SAMPLING :
4 DATE OF TESTING :
5 FREQUENCY OF TESTING :
6 TESTING LOCATION :

PASSING W.T. OF W.T. OF PIECES

SR.NO. RETAINED ON RETAINED ON REMARK
THROUGH PIECES
GUAGE
SIEVE SIZE (Gms) (Gms)

1 63 50

2 50 40

3 40 31.50

4 25 20

5 20 16

6 16 12.50

7 12.50 10

8 10 6.30

TOTAL : Y1= X1=

ELONGATION INDEX =( X1 / Y1 ) X 100 =

Q.C.INCHARGE

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FLAKINESS INDEX TEST

1 SOURCE : DATE:
2 SIZE OF AGGREGATES :
3 DATE OF SAMPLING :
4 DATE OF TESTING :
FREQUENCY OF
5
TESTING :
6 TESTING LOCATION :

W.T. W.T. OF
PASSING RETAINED PIECES
SR.NO. OF REMARK
THROUGH ON PASSING
PIECES GUAGE
SIEVE SIZE (Gms) (Gms)

1 63 50

2 50 40

3 40 31.50

4 25 20

5 20 16

6 16 12.50

7 12.50 10

8 10 6.30

TOTAL : Y1= X1=

FLAKINESS INDEX =( X1 / Y1 ) X 100 =

Q.C.Incharge

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AGGREGATE IMPACT TEST

1 SOURCE : DATE :
2 SIZE OF AGGREGATES :
3 DATE OF SAMPLING :
4 DATE OF TESTING :
FREQUENCY OF
5
TESTING :
6 TESTING LOCATION :

DESCRIPTION
SR.NO TRIAL-1 TRIAL-2

TOTAL WT. OF AGG. SAMPLE IN CYLINDRICAL MEASURE

1 (GMS)
2 WEIGHT OF AGG, PASSING 2.36MM SIEVE (GMS)

3 WEIGHT OF AGG, RETAINED ON 2.36MM SIEVE (GMS)

4 AGG. IMPACT VALUE (%) ( 2 / 1 ) X 100

AVG.IMPACT VALUE

Q.C.INCHARGE

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WATER ABSORPTION TEST

1 SOURCE : DATE :
2 SIZE OF AGGREGATES :
3 DATE OF SAMPLING :
4 DATE OF TESTING :
FREQUENCY OF
5
TESTING :
6 TESTING LOCATION :

DESCRIPTION
SR.NO TRIAL-1 TRIAL-2

1 WT. OF SAMPLE IN S.S.D. CONDITION (GMS)

2 WEIGHT OF SAMPLE, IN OVEN DRY CONDITION (GMS)

3 WATER ABSORPTION (%) ( W1-W2 / W2 ) X 100

AVG. VALUE

Q.C.INCHARGE
L&T ECCD,B & F OC

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SPECIFIC GRAVITY TEST

1 SOURCE : DATE :
2 SIZE OF AGGREGATES :
3 DATE OF SAMPLING :
4 DATE OF TESTING :
FREQUENCY OF
5
TESTING :
6 TESTING LOCATION :

W.T.OF W.T.OF
WT. OF AGG. OVEN DRY WT.
SR.NO. MATERIAL (PYCN.+AGG.+WATER) (PYCN.+WATER)
SAMPLE (A) OF SAMPLE (D)
(B) [C]

1 20

2 10

3 R.S.

4 CR.S.

SP.GRAVITY = D / A - ( B-C ) =

Q.C.INCHARGE

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CONCRETE BATCH SHEET PER CUM OF CONCRETE

DATE
1 LOCATION : :
REC.NO
2 CONC.GRADE : :
3 MIX PROP. :
4 (CEM.+F.A.) :
5 CEM. TYPE :
S.R.NO. FLY
ASH
DESCRIPTION CEM 20 10 R.S. C.S. ADMIX. WATER REMARKS
1 W.T. IN DRY
CONDITION(Kg)

2 MOISTURE CONT
%

3 ABSORPTION %

4 NET WATER
CORR%

5 NET WATER
CORR(Kg)

6 BATCH WT.KG

7 CALIBRATION
ERROR

8 FINAL BATCH
W.T.(Kg)

Q.C.ENGINEER

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CONCRETE YIELD TEST DATE :

DESCRIPTION
SR.NO.

1 WEIGHT OF EMPTY CYLINDRICAL MEASURE (W1)

2 WEIGHT OF CYLINDRICAL MEASURE + GREEN CONC. (W2)

3 WEIGHT GREEN CONC. (W2-W1)

4 VOLUME OF CYLINDRICAL MEASURE (V)

5 UNIT WEIGHT OF CONC.(KG/CUM) ( 3 / 4 )

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BRICK TEST REPORT :

SITE :

1 SAMPLE NO. :

2 DATE OF SAMPLING :

3 LOCATION :

4 STACK.NO. :
5 STACK QUANTITY :

6 FROG MARK :
7 SAMPLED BY :

8 SUPPLIER :

9 DIMENSIONS :

A LENGTH :

B BREADTH :

C HEIGHT :

10 PERCENTAGE ABSORPTION BY WEIGHT

( AVG. OF 5 BRICKS AFTER IMMERSION IN WATER FOR 24 Hrs )=

2
11 COMP.STR. IN (Kg / cm )

SR.NO. SPECIMEN NO. COMP.STR.

1
2
3
4
5

2
AVG. COMP. STRENGTH IN Kg /Cm =

Q.C.INCHARGE
(L&T)

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CONCRETE ADMIXTURE PERFORMANCE REPORT

1 NAME OF SUPPLIER :

2 BRAND AND BATCH NO. :

3 DATE OF RECIEVING AT SITE :

4 DATE OF TESTING SITE :

5 MIX PROP. :

6 ADMIXTURE DOSAGE :

7 GRADE OF CONCRETE :

8 SLUMP a) INITIAL :

b) 30 MIN :

c) 60 MIN :

d) 90 MIN :

e) 120 MIN :

f) 150 MIN :

g) 180 MIN :

9 APPEARANCE OF MIX :

10 CUBE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH :

11 a) 03 DAYS :
b) 07 DAYS :
c) 28DAYS :

Q.C.
INCHARGE

L&T( ECC DIV.)

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WET SIEVING OF FLY ASH IN 45 MICRON SIEVE

SR.NO. DESCRIPTION RESULT REMARKS

1 Weight of sample

weight of sample retained on 45 micron

2
sieve after wet sieving

3 Percentage retained

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CORE TEST ON SOIL FILLING SAMPLE :-

1 SOURCE : SITE
3 DATE OF SAMPLING :
4 DATE OF TESTING :
5 LOCATION : TOWER D South side road at P1 level

SR.
DESCRIPTION READING
NO. REM
S1 S2 S3

Road South side of tower

D @ P1 level

Weight of Core Cutter + Soil sample

1
(W1) gms

2 Weight Empty Core cutter (W1) gms

3 Weight of wet soil sample (1-2) gms

4 Volume of Core ( cu-cm )

5 Bulk density of soil ( y b) ( gm / cc )

6 Moisture content of sample ( MC )

Dry density ( yd ) = ( yb ) / (
7
1+MC/100 ) ( gm / cc )

8 Percentage Compaction ( yd ) / MDD

REMARKS: COMPACTION ACHIEVED IS SATISFACTORY

Q.C.INCHARGE

L&T (ECCD)

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MOISTURE CONTENT IN SOIL SAMPLE

1 SOURCE SITE

3 DATE OF SAMPLING

4 DATE OF TESTING

5 TOWER / LOCATION TOWER D South side road at P1 level

WT.OF
W.T OF WT.OF WT.OF WT.OF
DRY SOIL DIFF. MOISTURE
EMPTY WET SOIL WET SOIL DRY SOIL
SAMPNO. LOCATION SAMPLE W.T. CONTENT
CAN SAMPLE+ SAMPLE SAMPLE
+ CAN (GMS) % AGE
(GMS) CAN (GMS) (GMS) (GMS)
(GMS)

Road
1 South side
of tower D
@ P1 level
2

Q.C.INCHARGE

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MOISTURE CONTENT IN AGGREGATES

1 SOURCE : DATE :
3 DATE OF SAMPLING :
4 DATE OF TESTING :
5 FREQUENCY OF TESTING :

LOSS OF MOISTURE
WT.OF SAMPLE WT.OF DRY
SR.NO. MATERIAL W.T. CONTENT REMARKS
(GMS) SAMPLE (GMS)
(GMS) %

Q.C.ENGINEER

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Monitoring The Production Of Concrete ;-

Each & every truck load of the coarse aggregates check physically ( appearance ) &
certified will be unloaded.
On arrival of the river sand each truck will be checked for silt content & ask to wait
the vehicle till the results obtained which confirms to I S requirement will be
unloaded
Cement – on the arrival of cement bowser Seal & DC checked only will be allowed to
unload.
For admixtures ;- MTC accompanied by Delivery challan only will be unloaded &
collected admixture performance test will conducted with the existing mix design if it
is ok only approved otherwise reject.
All laboratory equipment will be calibrated as required under ISO norms ( yearly, ½
yearly , monthly) & batching plant weighing system will be calibrated in every
month.
Regularly every day moisture content will be find out for coarse & fine aggregates &
adjust in Concrete recipe.
Aggregates physical tests such as specific gravity, water absorption, Sieve analysis,
Bulk density, flakiness index, elongation index, Crushing & impact value tests will
be conducted once in a month & as on change of source for CA & FA as suite.
Cement manufacturing test reports will be produce for each weak & regularly six
months one FA, CA, admixture, water, Cement & fly ash Will be tested at third party
laboratory ( Physical & Chemical).
For fly ash retaining on 45 micron will be tested for each bowser.

Recipe:-
Batch determination card will be prepared on basis of design parameters, water
absorption & the calibration error.

Production;-
Concrete will be mixed as per the site requirements of the particular grade. Observe
the slump at batching plant & sent to the respective site with the D.C.

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Sampling:-
Concrete sample will be collected on random basis as required by client & cast the
cubes & test it.

Handling of concrete ;-
Concrete will be pumped to the required level/ location using concrete pump &
spreading the concrete in structure & compacting using vibrator.

Finishing:-
Troweling will be done thrice in an interval of ½ hr to avoid the development of
micro cracks on the surface of concrete & followed by sprinkling of water & curing
with the Hessian cloths & spraying of water.

Deshuttering;-
On attaining the 20 to 30% of compressive strength of the cube ( in 24 hrs) verticals
of the mivan shutters will be removed. On attaining 35 to 40% of compressive
strength Horizontal mivan shutters will be removed ( props will be untouched ). On
attaining 70 to 80% strength props will be removed.

Achievement;-
The standard deviation obtained for this project varies from 1.3 to 3.08,
& the degree of quality control observe – EXCELLENT.

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TABLES ;-

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Tips For Concrete

By Y T Nagaraja

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By Y T Nagaraja

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By Y T Nagaraja

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By Y T Nagaraja

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By Y T Nagaraja

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By Y T Nagaraja

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By Y T Nagaraja

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By Y T Nagaraja

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By Y T Nagaraja

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NOTES

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NOTES

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Tips For Concrete

NOTES

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