THE PARTICIPLE CLAUSES are subordinate sentences that are formed with a gerund (present

participle), (past participle) or a Present perfect participle (Having + past participle) and that express
a sentence in abbreviated form. This type of structure is very frequent in written expression. The participle
sentences allow you to add additional information to the speech without needing to extend it with extensive
sentences.

Having washed her hair, Susan reached for the hair-dryer and scissors.

Holding the hair-dryer in her left hand, Susan cut her hair with the scissors in her right hand.

Blown to the right by the hair-dryer, her hair could easily be cut.

Having been cut, her hair looked strange.

Have you ever seen anyone cutting their hair this way?

Getting into the lift, I realized I had forgotten my keys.

She left the compartment Whistling cheerfully.

She left the room singing happily.

Type in the present participle.

1. (search)_______________ for her gloves, she dug through the entire wardrobe.
2. (whistle) _______________ a song, she danced through the house with the mop.
3. (sit) _______________ in the shade, we ate cake and drank coffee.
4. The child sat at the desk (paint) _______________ a picture.
5. (run) _______________ to the bus stop, she lost her shoe.
Type in the past participle.
1. (blind) _______________ by the sun, the driver didn’t see the stop sign.
2. (prepare) _______________ by the chef himself, the dinner will be a real treat.
3. (sing) _______________ by him, every song sounds just wonderful.
4. (misuse) _______________ as a refuse dump, the place became more and more shabby.
5. Though (bear) _______________ in England, she spent most of her childhood in the United
States.
Type in the present perfect participle.
1. (park) _______________ the car, we searched for the ticket machine.
2. (drink) _______________ one litre of water, she really needed to go to the toilet.
3. (leave) _______________the party too early, we couldn’t see the fireworks anymore.
4. (finish) _______________her phone call, she went back to work.
 5. (lose) _______________ ten kilogrammes, Anne finally fit into her favourite dress again.
Turn the underlined part of the sentence into a participle clause.
1. We are lying in the sun and we are enjoying life.
→ _______________, we are enjoying life.
2. The boy had brushed his teeth. He was allowed to watch a few more minutes of television.
→_______________, the boy was allowed to watch a few more minutes of television.
3. The children sat on their beds and watched the thunderstorm.
→_______________ the children watched the thunderstorm_.
4. They were surprised by a sudden storm and had to seek shelter under a tree.
→_______________, they had to seek shelter under a tree.
5. When they had found the secret island, they started searching for the treasure.
→_______________, they started searching for the treasure.