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The committee members would like to charge P30 per person for the
evening’s activities.
1. The break-even point for the Extravaganza (in terms of the number
of persons that must attend) is (2-42)
a. 300 persons c. 450 persons
b. 350 persons d. 400 persons
2. Assume that only 250 persons attended the Extravaganza last year.
If the same numbers attend this year, what price per ticket must be
charged to break even? (2-43)
c. P45.00 c. P40
d. P43.50 d. P42
Omega Enterprise sells two products, Model E100 and F900. Monthly sales
and the contribution margin ratios for the two products, follow :
…………………Product………………
Model E100 Model F900 Total
Sales P700,000 P300,000 1,000,000
Contribution margin ratio 60% 70% ?
The company’s fixed expenses total P598,500 per month.
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b. 20% d. 16%
9. If monthly sales increase by P80,000 and there is no charge in
fixed expenses, by now how much would you expect monthly net
operating income to increase? (2-45)
a. P20,000 c. P24,000
b. P24,500 d. P42,000
Mr. Super, the owner of the store, is unhappy with the operating
results. As analysis of other operating costs reveals that it includes
P40,000 variable costs, which vary with the sales volume, and P10,000
(fixed) costs
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b. 60% d. 40%
18. Mr. Super estimates that he can increase revenues by 20% by
incurring additional advertising costs of P10,000. As a result, how
much would Super Men’s Clothing’s operating income be? (2-58)
a. P 32,000 c. P 40,000
b. P 22,000 d. P 50,000
Production
Variances Spending Efficiency
Volume
Variable manufacturing Overhead P 4,500F P15,000U
(B)
Fixed manufacturing overhead P 10,000U (A)
P40,000U
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29. In the above chart the amounts for (A) an (B) respectively are:
(2-73)
a. P10,500U ; P55,000U c. Zero ; P55,500U
b. P10,500U ; Zero d. Zero ; Zero
30. In a 3-variance analysis, the spending variance should be: (2-73)
a. P4,500F c. P55,500U
b. P10,000U d. P10,500U
31. In a 2-variance analysis the flexible-budget variance and the
production volume variance should be, respectively. (2-74)
a. P5,500U ; P55,000U c. P10,500U ; P50,000U
b. P20,500U ; P40,000U d. P60,500U ; Zero
32. In a variance analysis, the total overhead variance should be
(2-74)
a. P20,500U c. P121,000U
b. P60,500U d. None of the above
33. What is the budgeted sales mix percentage for the Standard and
the
Super vacuum cleaners respectively: (2-75)
a. 0.80 and 0.20 c. 0.20 and 0.80
b. 0.70 and 0.30 d. 0.30 and 0.70
34. What is the total sales-volume variance in terms of the
contribution margin (2-75)
a. P108,000 unfavorable c. P278,000 favorable
b. P108,000 favorable d. P448,000 favorable
35. What is the total sales-quantity variance in terms of the
contribution margin? (2-75)
a. P110,000 unfavorable c. P278,000 favorable
b. P170,000 favorable d. P448,000 favorable
36. What is the total sales-mix variance of the contribution margin?
(2-75)
a. P110,000 unfavorable c. P278,000 favorable
b. P170,000 favorable d. P448,000 favorable
37. The sales-mix variance will be unfavorable when (2-75)
a. The actual sales-mix shifts toward the less profitable units.
b. The composite unit for the actual mix is greater than for the
budgeted mix.
c. Actual unit sales are less than the budgeted unit sales
d. The actual contribution margin is greater than the static-budget
contribution margin.
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During November 2016, Tony Corporation produced 26,000 units. Tony
used 53,500 direct labor hours in November at a cost of P433,350.
Actual manufacturing overhead for the month was P260,000 fixed and
P315,000 variable. The total manufacturing overhead applied during
November was P572,000.
43. Each finished unit of product ET-25 has 60 pounds of raw material.
The manufacturing process must provide for a 20 percent waste
allowance. The raw material can be purchased for P2.50 a pound under
terms of 2/10, n/30. The company takes all cash discounts. The
standard direct material cost for each unit of product ET-25 is (2-78)
a. P180 c. P183.75
b. P187.50 d. P176.40
44. Each unit of product MN-46 requires three direct labor hours.
Employee benefit costs are treated as direct labor costs. Data on
direct labor are as follows. (2-78)
Number of direct employees 25
Weekly productive hours per employee 35
Estimated weekly wages per employee P245
Employee benefits (related to weekly wages) 25 %
P16.40
45. The direct material purchase price variance for May is (2-79)
a. P16,000 favorable c. P14,250 favorable
b. P16,000 unfavorable d. P14,250 unfavorable
46. The direct material usage (quantity) variance for May is (2-79)
a. P14,400 favorable c. P17,100 unfavorable
b. P1,100 favorable d. P17,100 favorable
47. The direct labor price (rate) variance for May is (2-79)
a. P2,200 favorable c. P2,000 favorable
b. P1,900 unfavorable d. P2,090 favorable
48. The direct labor usage (efficiency) variance for May is (2-79)
a. P2,200 favorable c. P2,000 favorable
b. P2,000 unfavorable d. P1,800 favorable
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49. Gibbs Castings is a job order chop that uses a full absorption
standard cost system to account for its production costs. The
overhead costs are applied as a direct labor hour basis. A
production volume variance will exist for Gibbs in a month where (2-
80)
a. production volume differs from sales volume
b. actual direct labor hours differ from standard allowed direct
labor hours
c. there is a budget variance in fixed factory overhead costs.
d. the fixed factory overhead applied on the basis of standard
allowed direct labor hours differ from the budgeted fixed factory
overhead.
52. If fewer units are produced than had been estimated when standard
unit costs were determined, there would normally be: (2-81)
a. a favourable usage variance
b. an unfavourable volume variance
c. a favourable material quantity variance
d. an unfavourable controllable overhead variance.
53. Gilbert Company has a union contract which calls for an 8% cost
of living increase in wages paid to all factory workers as of July 1,
of the current year. This suggests that : (2-81)
a. the labor rate variance for July will be unfavourable
b. the labor rate variances during the first half of the current
year have been favourable
c. the standard labor cost per unit should be revised as of July 1
d. the labor quantity variance for July will be unfavourable.
55. A large favourable variance from standard costs ate the end of
the year should be: (2-82)
a. carried forward to the next fiscal year
b. showed as other income in the income statement
c. added to cost of goods sold in the income statement
d. allocated between ending inventories and cost of goods sold.
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Patience Co. uses a standard costing system in the manufacture of its
single product. The 35,000 units of raw materials in the inventory were
purchased for P105,000, and two units of raw materials are required to
produce one unit of final product. In November, the company produced
12,000 units of product. The standard allowed for material was P60,000,
and there was an unfavorable quantity variance of P2,500.
58. Patience’s standard price for one unit of material is (2-92)
a. P2.00 c. P3.00
b. P2.50 d. P5.00
59. The units of materials used to produce November output (2-92)
a. 12,500 units c. 23,000 units
b. 12,500 units d. 25,000 units
60. The material price variance for the units used in November was
(2-92)
a. P2,500 unfavorable c. P12,500 unfavorable
b. P11,000 unfavorable d. P3,500 unfavorable
65. The fixed overhead spending variance for November was (2-101)
a. P40,000 unfavorable c. P460,000
unfavorable
b. P70,000 unfavorable d. P240,000
unfavorable
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66. The variable overhead spending variance for November was (2-101)
a. P60,000 favorable c. P 48,000 unfavorable
b. P12,000 favorable d. P 40,000 unfavorable
67. The variable overhead efficiency variance for November was (2-101)
a. P48,000 unfavorable c. P 96,000
unfavorable
b. P60,000 favorable d. P200,000 unfavorable
68. The direct labor price variance for November was (2-101)
a. P54,000 unfavorable c. P 60,000 favorable
b. P94,000 unfavorable d. P148,000
unfavorable
69. The direct labor efficiency variance for November was (2-101)
a. P108,000 favorable c. P 60,000 favorable
b. P120,000 favorable d. P 54,000
unfavorable
70. What is cost of goods sold per unit using variable costing? (2-
115)
a. P20 c. P30
b. P23 d. P45
71. What is cost of goods sold using variable costing? (2-115)
a. P35,000 c. P47,250
b. P40,000 d. P54,000
72. What is contribution margin using variable costing? (2-115)
a. P96,250 c. P104,000
b. P91,000 d. P110,000
73. What is operating income using variable costing? (2-115)
a. P52,250 c. P 65,750
b. P78,750 d. P 47,000
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The budgeted denominator level is 800 units.
Units produced total 1,000 units.
Units sold total 950 units.
Beginning inventory was zero.
The fixed manufacturing cost rate is based on the budgeted
denominator level manufacturing variances are closed to cost of goods
sold.
82. Samar’s cost of goods sold at standard cost of 2017 using full
absorption cost is (2-123)
a. P8,200,000 c. 6,500,000
b. P7,200,000 d. 7,000,000
83. the value assigned to Samar’s December 31, 2017 inventory using
variable (direct) costing is (2-123)
a. P2,800,000 c. P2,000,000
b. P1,200,000 d. P3,000,000
84. Samar’s manufacturing overhead volume variance in 2017 using full
absorption costing is (2-123)
a. P800,000 unfavorable c. P700,000 unfavorable
b. P800,000 favorable d. P700,000 favorable
85. Samar’s 2017 income from operation using variable (direct)
costing is (2-123)
a. P3,400,000 c. 2,600,000
b. P1,800,000 d. 1,000,000
86. Under direct costing, the cost of one unit product would be (2-
125)
a. P4 c. P7
b. P5 d. P8
87. The inventory carrying value of finished goods under direct
costing would be: (2-125)
a. the same as under absorption costing.
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b. P1,500 higher than under absorption costing.
c. P2,000 higher than under absorption costing.
d. P1,500 less than under absorption costing.
88. Under absorption costing, the cost of goods sold for 2017 would
be (2-125)
a. P28,000 c. P17,500
b. P24,500 d. P14,000
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total machine hours for the coming year are estimated to be 100,000
hours.
93. What are the estimated manufacturing costs per unit of MAI if the
activity based costing system is implemented? (2-167)
a. P22.50 c. P28.50
b. P31.20 d. P26.80
KG Company has established the following two cost pools for the month
of November 2016:
Committed costs Cost driver committed level
Materials moves P 60,000 number of moves 600
Machine maintenance 180,000 machine hours 20,000
94. The total manufacturing costs for Job KG101 using activity-based
costing is (2-167)
a. P116,000 c. P125,000
b. P 75,000 d. P 86,000
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e. Because of the special work required in (d) above, the company is
considering the use of activity-based costing to apply overhead cost
to the products. Three activity cost pools have been identified and
the first stage allocations have been completed. Data concerning
these activity cost pool appear below:
a. P68.20 c. P45.20
b. P54.80 d. P64.80
106. If the F-27 product line is added next year, the change in
net income resulting from this decision would be. (4-70)
a. P30,000 increase c. P23,000 increase
b. P5,000 decrease d. P15,000 increase
107. What is the lowest unit selling price that could be charged
for the F-27 model and still make it economically desirable for Flint
to add the new product line? (4-70)
a. P52.25 c. P55.75
b. P50.50 d. P49.00
Landor Appliance Company makes and sells electric fans. Each fan
regularly sells for P42. The following cost data per fan is based on a
full capacity of 150,000 fans produced each period. (4-70)
Direct materials P 8
Direct Labor 9
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Factory overhead (70% variable and 30% unavoidable fixed) 10
A special order has been received by Landor for a sale of 25,000 fans
to an overseas customer. The only selling costs that would be P4 per
fan for shipping. Landor is now selling 120,000 fans through regular
channels each period.
108. What should Landor use as a minimum selling price per fan
in negotiating a price for this special order? (4-70)
a. P28 c. 31
b. P27 d. 24
The operating results of Valor Company by division for the current year
are summarized below. Unavoidable company headquarters' costs of
1,540,000 included in the total costs have been distributed to the
divisions on the basis of sales revenue. The remaining portions of the
total costs have been incurred at the divisional level and can be
avoided if a division is shut down. (4-72)
Valor Company
Operating Results
For the Year Ended November 30, 2016
(P000 omitted)
Divisions .
Total North South East West
Sales revenue P6,600 P 990 P2,640 P 990 P1,980
Total costs 6,226 572 2,090 1,276 2,288
Profit (loss) P 374 P418 P550 P (286) P (308)
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Operating income P 14,000 P 24, 000 P (10,000)
112. A decision bay Cosmo Inc. to close the Town Store would
result in a monthly increase (decrease) in Cosmo’s operating income
during 2017 of (4-73)
a. P 4,000 c. P( 800)
b. P(10,800) d. P(6,000) (CMA adapted)
114. One-half of Town Store’s peso sales are from items sold at
variable cost to attract customers to the store. Cosmo is considering
the deletion of these items, a move that would reduce the Town
Store’s direct fixed expenses by 15 percent and result in the loss of
20% of the remaining Town Store’s sales volume. This change would not
affect the Mall Store. A decision by Cosmo to eliminate the items
sold at cost would result in a monthly increase (decrease) in Cosmo’s
operating income during 2017 of (4-74)
a. P(6,000) c. P2,600
b. P(1,200) d. P2,400
The Garey Company has 3,000 circuit boards (all alike) which are out of
date and are carried in inventory at a total cost of P216,000. The
circuit boards can be reworked and upgraded at the total cost of
P63,000 and then sold for P110,000. As an alternative, the company can
sell these circuit boards to an outside buyer for P48,000.
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The Tolar Company has 400 obsolete desk calculator that are carried in
inventory at a total cost of P26,800. If these calculators are upgraded
at a total cost of P10,000, they can be sold for a total selling price
of P30,000. As an alternative, the calculators can be sold in their
present condition for P11,200.
Hollie Company produces three products, with costs and selling prices
as shown below:
___ Products ________________
A B C
Selling price per unit P30 100% P20 100% P15 100%
Variable costs per unit 18 60 15 75 6 40
Contribution margin per unit P12 40% P 5 25% P 9 60%
Production costs:
Variable (materials, labor, and overhead) P 7
Fixed (based on 5,000 units produced) 3
Selling and administrative costs
Variable 1
Fixed (based on 5,000 units produced) 2
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124. Assume that the company uses the contribution approach to
cost-plus pricing and desires a markup of 75%. The target price would
be. (4-79)
a. 17.50 c. 15.75
b. 12.25 d. 14.00
Sauer Company produces and sells 25,000 units of product X each year.
The company incurs the following unit costs at the 25,000-unit level of
activity:
Direct materials P 16
Direct Labor 10
Variable overhead 4
Fixed overhead 13
Variable selling and administrative expense 6
Fixed selling and administrative expense 8
125. The “floor” below which the company should not go, even in
special pricing decisions, is: (4-79)
a. P26 c. P44
b. P36 d. P48
Minden Company estimates that the following costs and activity would be
associated with the manufacture and sale of Product A
Number of unit sold annually 40,000
Required investment in assets P 800,000
Cost to manufacture one unit 25
Selling and administrative expenses (annual) 600,000
127. The target cost to manufacture one blender would be. (4-80)
a. P10.00 c. 16.25
b. P20.00 d. 23.25
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c. The accounts receivable turnover
d. Quick assets as a percentage of current liabilities
139. At the end of the Year 10, Brave Corporation has a current
ratio of 2 to 1. Which of the following transactions will decrease
the current ratio? (6-57)
a. Issuance of long-term bonds at a premium
b. Sale of merchandise on open account at a price above cost
c. Sale of plant assets for less than book value
d. Declaration of a cash dividend on ordinary share
The per share market price of Far Eastern Co. shares on January 1, 2016
was P60 and on December 31, 2016 was P72. Net income for 2016 was
P48,000. Dividends to the preference shareholders for the year totaled
P12,000, and dividends of P2.50 per share were paid on the 6,000
ordinary shares outstanding during the year.
142. The price-earnings ratio for Far Eastern Co. at year end
was (6-59)
a. 10 to 1 c. 11 to 1
b. 6 to 1 d. 12 to 1
Ryan Company had 20,000 ordinary shares outstanding through 2016. These
shares were originally issued at a price of P15 per share. The book
value on December 31, 2016 was P25 per share and the market value on
December 31, 2016 was P30 per share. The dividend on ordinary shares on
total for 2016 was P45,000.
143. The dividend yield ratio for Ryan Company for 2016 was: (6-
61)
a. 9.0% c. 15.0%
b. 7.5% d. 10.0%
JunJun & Co. has debt ratio of 0.50, a total assets turnover of 0.25,
and a profit margin of 10%. The president is unhappy with the current
return on equity, and he thinks it could be doubled. This could be
accomplished (1) by increasing the profit margin to 14% and (2) by
increasing debt utilization. Total assets turnover will not change.
144. What new debt ratio, along with the 14% profit margin, is
required to double the return on equity? (6-61)
a. 0.75 c. 0.65
b. 0.70 d. 0.55
Mindanao Mining has P6 million in sales; its ROE is 12%, and its total
assets turnover is 3.2 x. The company is 50% equity financed, and it
has no preferred stock outstanding.
146. The net income of Mindanao Mining is (6-63)
a. P112,450 c. P212,500
b. P150,112 d. P112,500
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Consider the following simplified financial statements for the Phillips
Corporation assuming no income taxes.
The most recent financial statements for Gospel Company are shown here.
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