Name : Nurifa Marwa Mardhiyah

NIM : 6411419072
Class : 1E (IUP)

In the body contains 16% protein, 16% fat, 4% minerals, and 1% carbs
Mineral is an organic material needed in the body, minerals are usually obtained in food
and also from the body.
The function of minerals, namely:
- Mineral balance
- hormone production
- Smooth digestion
- Formation of bones, blood, teeth
Mineral calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus play a role in hardening of bones and teeth.
Mineral Iron plays a role in binding hemoglobin. Potassium, Sodium, and Chlorine minerals
function to maintain the balance of PH and Potipotential.
Minerals are divided into 2 types, namely:
- Macromineral : required in amounts greater than 100 mg / day. Examples of macrominerals are
sodium, potassium, magnesium
- Micromineral : required in amounts smaller than 100 mg / day. Examples of microminerals
include iron, iodine, copper
1. Iron (Fe)
Food sources: chicken, meat, green vegetables
Iron plays a role in binding hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a means of transporting oxygen from the
lungs to body tissues.
Need for iron in humans:
- Babies: 3-5 mg
- Toddler: 8-9 mg
- School children: 10 mg
- Adult males: 13 mg
- Adult women: 26 mg
Iron deficiency can cause anemia
2. Fluor (F)
 Food sources: tea, chicken, sardines, grape juice, fluoridated water
 Flour is found in toothpaste used in dental maintenance.
 Lack of flour can cause carries
3. Iodine (I)
 Food sources: yogurt, mozzarella, milk, eggs, seaweed, navy beans, strawberries.
 Thyroid hormone function:
- Influence in oxygen consumption and metabolism rate
- Increase ATP utilization
- Stimulates the release of fatty acids from adipose tissue
 Parathyroid glands
Thyroid disease can be divided into three major groups:
- There is an excessive production of the thyroid hormone which is called as hyperthyroidism
- There is a decreased production of the thyroid hormone which is called as hypothyroidism
- Multiple nodules or generalized swelling of the thyroid gland is called a goiter, the goiter
is caused due to a lack of salt
4. Sodium (Na)
 The function of sodium, which is the main cation in extra cells, regulates acid-base balance
 Food sources: salt, bagged soups, pizza, pickles, soy sauce, gravy.
 Sodium deficiency can cause hypertension.
5. Calcium (Ca)
 Calcium function:
- Maintain bones
- Prevent osteoporosis
- Lower blood pressure
- Prevent colon cancer
- Aid in weight loss
 Food sources: broccoli, avocados, green vegetables, onions, guava, almonds, milk
 Calcium is absorbed through the GI tract
 Calcium is also contained in vitamin D from sunlight.
  Osteoclast cells can cause osteoporosis, fractures, bone pain
 Calcium intake: 1000mg-1500mg / day
6. Potassium (K)
 Food sources: almonds, avocados, kiwi, broccoli, tomatoes, coconut, spinach, beets.
 Potassium is the main intracellular (within cells)