St.

Mary’s College of Baliuag

Integrated Basic Education Department
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Strand

Cruz, Mary Gabrielle G. Assign in General Chemistry Nov. 25, 2019

Cruz, Sarah Janelle R. 12 – St. Therese of Lisieux Christian Jem Ramos

ADDITIONAL TOPICS FOR CARBOHYDRATES

Points to Remember:
1. Ensure that the relationship between the protein’s structures and its function, the applications is highlighted.

TOPIC Questions also to be Answered

1. Describe the difference between chitin and cellulose by probing the molecular structure of the
two.
2. What is the difference of the two in terms of function?
Chitin and Cellulose
3. Why humans could not metabolize cellulose and ruminants and termites are able to do so?
4. What are the industrial and medical/pharmaceutical applications of chitin and cellulose?

ABO Blood Typing system
1. In what way is the ABO typing system different from the Rh +/- scheme?
2. Discuss blood compatibility issues between donors and recipients?
3. Why is O- regarded as the universal acceptor? Why is AB+ regarded as the universal donor?
4. It is often mentioned that our phenotype is because of our genes that are expressed to form
proteins. The ABO system is based on carbohydrates. Does this notion violate our
understanding of the central dogma of molecular biology?

1. How is starch different from glycogen and how are molecular structures of glycogen and
starch different from cellulose?
Starch and Glycogen 2. How is glycogen generated in the body? When is it produced? When is it consumed?
3. What are the industrial and medical applications of starch?

1. Discuss the anatomy of taste bud.

2. How do artificial sweeteners trick the tongue, despite not of them are carbohydrates?
3. Present the different levels of sweetness of sugars as compared to glucose.
Artificial Sweeteners
4. What is the importance of artificial sweeteners for consumers? Why were there some artificial
sweeteners that were already banned in the market?

1. The main difference between chitin and cellulose is that the chitin is a polymer of N-acetyl-D-
glucosamine whereas the cellulose is a polymer of D-glucose. Furthermore, chitin occurs in the cell
wall of fungi and also, it makes up the exoskeleton of arthropods while cellulose occurs in the cell wall of
plants and algae.
2. The main function of this chitin-containing exoskeleton is to keep the inner soft tissue safe
from any sort of injury. Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide and makes up about 30% of the
plant cell wall, which serves many functions including: connecting cells to form tissues.
3.
4. Chitin also has many applications as a health supplement that primarily relate to its role as
a dietary fiber. Health supplements typically use chitosan, which is a modified form
of chitin with greater bioavailability. Cellulose is well known as one of the most abundant
biodegradable materials in nature and has been widely used in medical applications such as wound
dressing, tissue engineering, controllable drug delivery system, blood purification, etc., due to its
biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, biodegradable, nontoxicity and antimicrobial properties.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278317433_Medical_Applications_of_Cellulose_and_its_Der
ivatives_Present_and_Future

1.