EXPLORATORY ZONES OF

PETROLEUM INTEREST

1. MADRE DE DIOS
2. LLANURA BENIANA
3. LLANURA CHAQUEÑA
4. SUBANDINO NORTE
5. SUBANDINO SUR
6. PIE DE MONTE
7. CORDILLERA ORIENTAL
8. ALTIPLANO
9. CORDILLERA OCCIDENTAL
10. CRATON DE GUAPORE
11. PANTANAL

The oil and gas most important locations

are: Madre de Dios Basin, Beni Plain, North
and South Subandean , Piedemonte; Chaco
Plain and Altiplano.
 MADRE DE DIOS BASIN
LOCATION MAP

EXPLORATORY
BLOCKS BOLIVIA
Madre de Dios basin
is located in the
outermost part of
the cities La Paz,
Beni y Pando. It has
96 000 km2
extension. It is part
of a tectonic
depression among
Alto Madidi and
Brazilian Shield.
Represents a typical
Foreland basin.
 69°0'0"W 68°0'0"W 67°0'0"W

11°0'0"S 11°0'0"S

COBIJA

Morphologically
MADRE DE DIOS Madre de Dios basin is
MANURIPI
a tropical plain crossed
by rivers, 60% of dense
12°0'0"S 12°0'0"S
forest and 40% of field
covered with
permanent swamps.
Totally devoid of roads,
thus the seismic survey
NUEVA ESPERANZA was carried out with
groups backed by
13°0'0"S 13°0'0"S

helicopters.
25 12.5 0 25

Kilometers

69°0'0"W 68°0'0"W 67°0'0"W

 2D SEISMIC DATA

REGISTRATION 1974 -75 - 1988 -1989- 1992 1992

YEAR 1976 1990
REGISTERED KM 4017 1163 631 894

Nª CHANELS 24 96 96 120

TRACE INTERVAL 120/100 50 30 25

SHOOT POINT 240/200 100 30 25

INTERVAL

CDP 6 24 48 60
GEOLOGICAL MAP-WELL AND SEISMIC

State Oil Bolivian Company YPFB has

designed for promotion four
exploration blocks from north to south:
Cobija 333 750 Has, Manuripi 189 375
Has, Madre de Dios 500 000 Has and
Nueva Esperanza 372 500 Has . They
have the same geomorphology,
structural, stratigraphic and
petrophysical features.
OIL SEEPS – OIL/GAS MAP MADRE DE DIOS BASIN
 STRUCTURAL HISTORY
MADRE DE DIOS BASIN S-N
STRUCTURAL CROSS SECTIONS
MADRE DE DIOS BASIN

FORELAND

ALTO MADIDI
MADRE DE DIOS BASIN

It has been determined the existence of two

basins, they are separated by an uplift “Alto
Madidi”, it cuts a large regional E-W fault. Madre
de Dios is located in the North part; it has a large
extension of approximately 7000 m of Cretaceous
and Tertiary sediments ranging from Paleozoic
Ordovician to Permian. In the south, Beni Basin has
Cretaceous, Tertiary sediments, Devonian and
Ordovician basal sediments overlying Silurian
sediments.
GENERALIZED STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN
MADRE DE DIOS AREA

Ever since, Madre de Dios

basin is next to Subandean
Belt is separated by
Caquiahuaca fault.
Stratigraphic sequences are
the same in both
morphostructural units.
This information was obtained
from wells Pando X1, Manuripi
X1, Pando X2.
MADRE DE DIOS STRATIGRAPHY

Madre de Dios corresponds to

a Cenozoic foreland basin.
Overlies the remains of a
Paleozoic basin, eroded during
the Mesozoic. These layers,
place on top of Guaporé
Craton’s Precambrian rocks.
MADRE DE DIOS WELLS
WELL PANDO X-1
ESTRUCTURAL TIME MAP (BASE –TOP)

The presence of faults in the

basement are interpreted as vertical.
1 The normal faults were present in
the early Mesozoic, Nevertheless,
2
were replaced by compressive faults
in Cenozoic.
In this area three faults have been
interpreted laterally extensive: (1) a
shallow thrust fault along the
northeastern edge of the Cobija
block, (2) System faults associated
with Pando wells and (3) a deep fault
in the southern part of the area E-W
dipping south.
3
Orientation of the isochronous
curves, shows the regional slope of
the SW-NE layers, with
values ​ranging from 3.6 to the SW
and 0.950 seg to the NE.
STRUCTURAL TIME MAP TOP DEVONIC
WELL CORRELATION - MADRE DE DIOS BASIN
MADRE DE DIOS BASIN – DRILLED WELLS
 CROSS SECTION MADRE DE DIOS BASIN

STRUCTURAL CROSS -SECTION W-E , CAHUELA ESPERANZA (BOLIVIA), NEAR TO “LOS AMIGOS” WELLS
(PERÚ).
POST DRILLING PANDO X1 WELL
 ORGANIC RICHNESS DIAGRAM (TOC)
AND MATHURITY (Ro) PANDO X1
GR-CAL
PROF(m) Cot (%) Ro (%)
1000 1000
Carbonif
Devónico 1100 1100
1200 1200
Petróleo
1300 1300
Recuperado
tramo 1209-1500m 1400 1400
1500 1500
1600 1600
1700 1700
1800 1800
0.1 1 4 10 100 05 1.0

Richness of TOC varies for the Carboniferous (Retama Formation ) between 1-4% , for
the Devonian (Tequeje, Tomachi Formations) 1.5-14%, thermal maturity for both
Devonian and Carboniferous is 0.5% Ro (Vitinita reflectance) showing thermal
immaturity of these sedimentary rocks (not existing insitu generation, therefore the oil
found in Pando is migrated from the deep parts of the basin close to fold belts.
VAN KREVELEN DIAGRAM POZOS PND X1 Y X2

OI

Most of the samples analyzed from Pando wells correspond to (kerogen amorphous)
Type 1 , able to generate oil . Also kerogen Type II , oil and gas generator.
THERMAL HISTORY MADRE DE DIOS BASIN

The area where Pando wells are,

belongs to a basin edge.

Temperature values ​ranging from 37 to

93 Celsius degrees, unfavorable
conditions for hydrocarbon generation.

Subsidence history shows in Pando

Zone, there was no hydrocarbon
generation. Oil had migrated from the
deepest parts of the SW near
Subandean.
GENERATION, MIGRATION SCHEME

This diagram clearly shows

that wells are within the
immature Pando area, thus
the oil comes from deep areas
near Subandean SE.
PETROPHISICAL DATA POZO PND X1

Cretaceous , Carboniferous,
Permian and Devonian
sandstones have porosities range
among 5-25% and permeability
between 1 1- 1000 Md.
 MADRE DE DIOS – PANDO POTENTIAL PLAYS
TWT

Since Madre de Dios basin is a Foreland basin type, the possibilities of hydrocarbon
storing are related to stratigraphic traps, because of the wedging and large
unconformities.
 SUMMARY

Basin Madre de Dios

Basin type Foreland
Basin Area 96000 km2
Cobija 333 750 Has , Manuripi 189 375 Has, Nueva
Available blocks Esperanza 372 500 Has ,y Madre de Dios 500 000
Has
Drilled Wells 5 wells
2D Seismic 6705 km
Source rock Tequeje shales (Dv), Retama (Cb), Copacabana
(Pm), Flora (Kt)
Reservoir Rock Tomachi Sandstones (Dv), Retama (Cb), Beu (Kt),
Bala (Tr)
Seal Rock Tequeje black shales (Dev), Retama (Cb),
Copacabana (Pm) y Flora (Kt)
Hydorcarbon type Oil 34° API and gas.
 CONCLUSIONS

•Madre de Dios is a Foreland Basin type, with typical intracratonic sedimentation, similar to the Orinoco’s
basin.

•“Alto de Madidi” separates the basins Madre de Dios in the northern and the Beni basin in the southern
part.

•Comppresive efforts of the Andean orogeny (Miocene-Pliocene) have resulted in folds and faults in the west
part, disappear to the east (Madre de Dios basin).

•Devonian source rocks with TOC high content, reached thermal maturity to generate HC in deep parts of
the basin (SW) during the Miocene, Pliocene. The subsequent migration attained Madre de Dios basin
reservoir levels , as it happens with oil found in Pando X1 well.

•Carboniferous and Permian pelitic rocks also contribute to Madre de Dios basin petroleum system.

•Best basin reservoirs are Devonian , Carboniferous, Permian, Cretaceous sandstones and Tertiary high
values ​of porosity and permeability.

•Seal rocks are Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian, Cretaceous and Tertiary pelitic sediments.

•The best storage hydrocarbon options are stratigraphic traps . Thus, future exploratory studies should be
focused on an aggressive search for such traps.