RECOGNIZING ADJECTIVES

ADJECTIVE
An adjective is a describing word. It tells us something more about a noun.

Examples:

( rainy day, fertile land, this girl, those apples, five fingers, many questions, last question, whose
house )

Adjectives are classified into:

• Adjectives of quality

-describe the noun, that is, they tell us about the quality of the person, place or thing to which
we are referring. Such adjectives can be formed in the following ways: from nouns—

Examples:

gold—golden, power—powerful, dirt—dirty from verbs— Examples: use—useful, talk—

talkative, please—pleasant from other adjectives—

Examples:

just—justifiable, red—reddish

• Adjectives of quantity

-refer to the quantity (how much) of something. They are not countable. Some such adjectives
are some, much, little, enough.

Examples:

There is very little sugar in my tea.

I think there is enough time to finish the assignment.

• Adjectives of number
-refer to how many things, places, people, etc there are, or the order of something. Some such
adjectives are first, second, ten, one, many.

Examples:

She came first in the race.

Several books were stolen from the library.

[ Sometimes the same adjective may be treated both as an adjective of quantity and as an
adjective of number, that is, it is used to qualify both countable and uncountable nouns.
Examples:

I ate some food.

Some children are playing in the park.

You have no idea what this means to me.

There is no money in the purse.

He did not eat any food.

Are there any chalks in the box?

• Demonstrative adjectives
- indicate the noun, that is, they point out the person, place or thing to which we are referring.
They answer to the question ‘which’.

Some such adjectives are this, that, these, those.

Examples:

These are the clothes I was looking for.

Those are my books.

• Interrogative adjectives

-are used before a noun when we want to ask a question about that noun. Some such
adjectives are what, which, whose.

Examples:

Which books do you want?

Whose coat is this?

Comparative degree of adjectives

Adjectives are used to describe some quality of the person, place, or thing that we are talking
about. So sometimes, the extent—or the degree—of that quality needs to be mentioned in
comparison with that same quality in another object.

Adjectives have three degrees of comparison:

• Positive degree: This is the adjective in its simple form. It is used simply to denote the
existence of a particular quality in the person, place or thing that we are talking about.

Example:

My suitcase is heavy.

• Comparative degree:

This is the form of the adjective that describes a higher degree of that particular quality than
the positive degree. It is used when two objects are being compared.

Example:

My suitcase is heavier than yours.

• Superlative degree:

This is the form of the adjective that describes the highest degree of that particular quality. It is
used when more than two objects are being compared.
Example:

My suitcase is the heaviest of all.

[ The article ‘the’ is always added before the superlative degree.

Example:

Rahul is the tallest boy in the class.

Sometimes the comparative degree is formed by using the word ‘more’ before the positive
degree.

Example:

Some girls were more beautiful than the others.

Similarly, the superlative degree is sometimes formed by using the word ‘most’ before the
positive degree.

Example:

The most beautiful girl was declared the winner.

[ If the words ‘many/much’, ‘more’ or ‘most’ are used before a noun, they are themselves
adjectives qualifying that noun.

Examples:

more homework, more sandwiches, most marks, many times

If the words ‘more’ and ‘most’ are used before an adjective, they are adverbs but doing the
work of an adjective by qualifying that adjective.

Examples:

more honest, more energetic, most popular, most delicious . Some adjectives are compared
irregularly, that is, their comparative and superlative degrees are not formed from their
positive degree.

Positive Comparative Superlative good better best bad worse worst many/much more most
little less least old older/elder oldest/eldest late later/latter latest/last
WORKSHEET 1

DIRECTION: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate kinds of adjectives

indicated in the brackets.

a) Is there ________ water in the jar? (Quantity)

b) ________ pen is mine. (Demonstrative)

c) There are ________ eggs in the bowl. (Number)

d) Do you have a ________ box? (Quality)

e) ________ is your name? (Interrogative)

WORKSHEET 2
DIRECTION: Form adjectives from the following words.
a) sense

b) nature

c) break

d) day

e) boy

f) courage

g) long

h) live
WORKSHEET 3

DIRECTION:

Write the degree of comparison in the brackets along side each sentence
( highest , high , greater , many , greatest , young , mighty , well.)

1. I have a __________ fever.

2. Mount Everest is the __________ mountain in the world.

3. Shakespeare is __________ than any other English poet.

4. The pen is __________ than the sword.

5. My sister is the __________ member of our family.

6. Mt. Apo is the __________ mountain in the Philippines.

7. I am _________ at my age now.

8. I am very _________ aware.

9. I obtain my _________ grade in this semester.

10. 189 is _________ than 167.

WORKSHEET 4
DIRECTION:

Complete the sentences given below by filling in the blanks using ‘many’,
‘much’, ‘more’ and ‘most’ as suitable.

1. That is the __________ delicious cake I have ever eaten.

2. I have told you __________ times to write your name on your books.

3. Physical punishment does __________ harm than good.

4. The candidate who gets the __________ votes enters Parliament.

5. The child appears __________ energetic after taking the tonic.

6.Honour is __________ valuable to him than life.

7. Arjun was the __________ skillful of all the brothers in the art of warfare.

8. Platinum is __________ expensive than gold.

9. Platinum is the __________ expensive metal.

10. This sofa is __________ comfortable than that one.

RECOGNIZING PREPOSITION

The Preposition
Prepositions are the words that indicate location. Usually, prepositions show this location in the
physical world.

Check out the three examples below:

The puppy is on the floor.

The puppy is in the trash can.

The puppy is beside the phone.

On, in, and beside are all prepositions.

They are showing where the puppy is.

Prepositions can also show location in time.

Read the next three examples:

At midnight, Jill craved mashed potatoes with grape jelly.

In the spring, I always vow to plant tomatoes but end up buying them at the supermarket.

During the marathon, Iggy's legs complained with sharp pains shooting up his thighs.

At midnight, in the spring, and during the marathon all show location in time.

Because there are so many possible locations, there are quite a few prepositions.

Below is the complete list.

( about , above , according to , across , after , against , along , along with , among , apart , from
, around as , as for , at , because , of , before , behind ,concerning , despite , down , during ,
except , except for , excepting for , from in , in addition , to , in , back , of , in case of , in front
of , in place of , inside , in spite of , onto , on top of, out , out of , outside , over , past ,
regarding , round , since , through , throughout , till , to , toward , under , underneath , below
beneath , beside , between , beyond , but , by , by means of , instead of , into , like , near , next ,
of , off on ,unlike , until , up , upon up , to , with , within , without)
Prepositional phrases look like this:

PREPOSITION + OPTIONAL MODIFIERS + NOUN, PRONOUN, OR GERUND

Here are some examples:

At school

At = preposition; school = noun.

According to us

According to = preposition; us = pronoun.

By chewing

By = preposition; chewing = gerund.

Under the stove

Under = preposition; the = modifier; stove = noun.

In the crumb-filled, rumpled sheets

In = preposition; the, crumb-filled, rumpled = modifiers; sheets = noun.

Realize that some prepositions also function as subordinate conjunctions.

Some prepositions also function as subordinate conjunctions. These prepositions are after, as,
before, since, and until. A subordinate conjunction will have both a subject and a verb following
it, forming a subordinate clause.

Look at these examples:

After Sam and Esmerelda kissed goodnight

After = subordinate conjunction; Sam, Esmerelda = subjects; kissed = verb.

As Jerome buckled on the parachute

As = subordinate conjunction; Jerome = subject; buckled = verb.

Before I eat these frog legs

Before = subordinate conjunction; I = subject; eat = verb.

Since we have enjoyed the squid eyeball stew

Since = subordinate conjunction; we = subject; have enjoyed = verb.

Until your hiccups stop

Until = subordinate conjunction; hiccups = subject; stop = verb.

If you find a noun [with or without modifiers] following one of these five prepositions, then all
you have is a prepositional phrase.

Look at these examples:

After the killer calculus test

After = preposition; the, killer, calculus = modifiers; test = noun.

As a good parent

As = preposition; a, good = modifiers; parent = noun.

Before dinner

Before = preposition; dinner = noun.

Since the breakup

Since = preposition; the = modifier; breakup = noun.

Until midnight

Until = preposition; midnight = noun.

WORKSHEET 1
DIRECTION:

Underline the correct preposition in the given sentence.

1. The ball was ( beside , until ) my pen.

2. The dog was ( under , since ) the big table.

3. I was eleven , ( until , as , since ) I enter high school.

4. I am all ( after , until ) your demands.

5. The plate was ( inside , under ) the stove.

6. The chalk was ( as , inside ) the chalk box.

7. I can return to my job , ( since , as , until ) I am done .

8. ( before, beside ) I eat , I already take my medicine.

9. I ate all my food ( after , until ) the class.

10. Bellen give her toy ( in stead of , concerning by. ) her bags.