Name: EL Marey T.

De Guzman Grade & Section: 12 Terabyte

Date: October 11, 2019

ACTIVITY 1

ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS

Define and discuss the following terms.

1. Economics- is the social science which means it is an academic disciplines concerned with
society and the relationships among individuals within a society that studies the production,
distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
2. Reciprocity- is a social norm of responding to a positive action with another positive action,
rewarding kind actions. As a social construct, reciprocity means that in response to friendly
actions, people are frequently much nicer and much more cooperative and it’s a usual forms are
barter and gift exchange.
3. Transfers- In economics, transfer also called “transfer payment” is a redistribution of income in
the market system made without any exchange of goods or services and “government transfer”,
which includes welfare, social security, and government subsidies for some commercial firms.
Transfer it refers to payment, transaction, movement or redistribution of money, fund, or
resources from one hand to another.
4. Redistribution- it refers to a system of economic exchange involving the centralized collection of
goods and services by a central figure for subsequent distribution to constituents. Redistribution
refers to the transfer of income, wealth or property from some persons to others by means of
social mechanisms such as taxation, monetary policies, welfare, land reform, charity,
confiscation, divorce, or tort law in modern mixed market economies.
5. Market transactions- It refers to the exchange of goods and services through the market and
market is any structure that allows buyers and sellers to exchange any kind of goods, services,
and information. Transaction refers to the exchange of economic items, with or without money.
Market transaction involved people and influence the price of the merchandise and
commodities.
6. Markets and state- The market is an institution comprised of rules for controlling voluntary
transactions under the parameter of prices. In contrast, the state is an institution consisting of a
set of rules for governance. Regulation is a legal norm intended to shape conduct, prescribe
behaviour, adjust incentives, or monitor to enforce existing rules.
Name: EL Marey T. De Guzman Grade & Section: 12 Terabyte

Date: October 11, 2019

ACTIVITY 2

NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS

Identify and differentiate the functions of nonstate institutions in the society. Use the diagram below

Cooperatives and Trade Unions

Banks and Corporations -Cooperative or “Coop”, is an “autonomous
association of people who voluntarily
-Banks refer to a business that provides
cooperate for their mutual social, economic,
financial services to consumers and other
and cultural benefit” and It may be
businesses such as keeping money,
categorized as either consumer, producer,
exchanging currencies, and making loans.
worker, purchasing or housing cooperative.
Banks is any financial institution that
Trade union or “labor union”, refers or
receives, collects, transfers, pay,
improve the conditions of the workers’
exchanges, lends invests, or safeguards
employment and this may comprise the
money for its customers. Corporation
negotiation of wages, benefits (such as health
refers to an organization created by a
care and retirement), trade integrity
government charter that allows people to
protection, working conditions, work rules,
associate together for a common purpose
complaint procedures, rules governing hiring,
under a common name.
policies on firing and promotion of workers,
and workplace safety standards.

Society a group of individuals

involved in persistent social
interaction, or a large social
group sharing the same
International Organizations geographical or social
-It refers to the membership territory, typically subject to
group that functions across the same political authority
and dominant cultural
national borders for well-
expectations. Transitional Advocacy Groups
defined purposes. They are
practical organizations -Transnational advocacy groups vary
through which vital in size, influence, and especially in
international issues are motive. A single-issue group may
addressed. form as a response to an immediate
Development Agencies concern, such as a single event or
threat and play a vital part in the
-They seek to attain their development of nations’ political
goals by funding relevant and social systems, specially
projects, influencing the developed into significant social,
policies of states, and political or social movements.
compelling other
stakeholders to take action
themselves.
Name: EL Marey T. De Guzman Grade & Section: 12 Terabyte

Date: October 11, 2019

ACTIVITY 3

NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS

Evaluate how functions of education affect the lives of people in Society. Use the diagram below

Human Right
Primary and The Right
Education to Education

Self-Actualization

EFFECT IN THE SOCIETY

Education is important in the creation of any democratic society and is needed to make a society
geopolitically stable that will give people the knowledge they need to elect capable leaders,
education leads to economic prosperity in the global marketplace, helps promote tolerance in a
society and helps reduce common conflicts between diverse populations in an urban setting, it has
the power to help societies, and the world, in general, to change for the better.

Education is important because it helps members in a society learn from the mistakes of the past,
reduces violence and crime in societies. Especially education creates hope for the future.
Name: EL Marey T. De Guzman Grade & Section: 12 Terabyte

Date: October 11, 2019

ACTIVITY 4

NONSTATE INSTITUTIONS

Describe the following religions and belief systems. Use the diagram below

• Animism -from Latin anima, "breath, spirit, life" is the religious belief that objects, places, and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual
essence. Potentially, animism perceives all things—animals, plants, rocks, rivers, weather systems, human handiwork and perhaps even
words—as animated and alive. Animism is used in the anthropology of religion as a term for the belief system of many indigenous peoples,
especially in contrast to the relatively more recent development of organized religions. It is said to describe the most common, foundational
thread of indigenous peoples' "spiritual" or "supernatural" perspectives.
ANIMISM

• Polytheism -from the Greek word of polytheism is the worship of or belief in multiple deities, which are usually assembled into a pantheon
of gods and goddesses, along with their own religions and rituals. In most religions which accept polytheism, the different gods and
goddesses are representations of forces of nature or ancestral principles and can be viewed either as autonomous or as aspects or
emanations of a creator deity or transcendental absolute principle (monistic theologies), which manifests immanently in nature
(panentheistic and pantheistic theologies). Most of the polytheistic deities of ancient religions, with the notable exceptions of the Ancient
Egyptian and Hindu deities, were conceived as having physical bodies. Polytheism specializing in the worship of one particular deity and can
POLYTHEISM be worshipping different deities at different times but Polytheists do not always worship all the Gods equally.

• Monotheism -is the belief in a single all-powerful god, as opposed to religions that believe in multiple gods. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
are widely practiced forms of monotheism. Monotheism comes from the combination of the Greek prefixes monos-, “alone” or “single,” and
theo-, “god.” There are many words that come from the Greek base theo-: theology, polytheist, and atheism, to name a few. All of these
theo- words have to do with god, gods, or the study of religion. Monotheism is any religion that believes in one god. Buddhism, for instance,
isn’t an example of monotheism because Buddha is not considered a god who created the universe.
MONOTHEISM

•Organized religion -also is known as institutional religion, is religion in which belief

systems and rituals are systematically arranged and formally established. Organized
religion is typically characterized by an official doctrine (or dogma), a hierarchical or
INSTITUTIONALIZED
RELIGION
bureaucratic leadership structure, and a codification of rules and practices.

•Separation of church and state -is a philosophic and jurisprudential concept for defining
political distance in the relationship between religious organizations and the nation-
state. Conceptually, the term refers to the creation of a secular state (with or without
SEPARATION OF the legally explicit church-state separation) and to disestablishment, the changing of an
CHURCH AND
STATE existing, formal relationship between the church and the state.