Introduction

knowing the self is not enough. Since "who you are" is partly made up of your choices, you must also
have the ability to choose especially to be better "you"

In the school setting, your knowledge about yourself should at least enable you to become a better
student.

Activity

Analysis

Abstraction

We are the Homo Sapiens or the "wise man". We think in a more complex level than our ancestors and
most, if not all, of other beings. But being called wise, not only do we think, but we are also capable to
think about thinking, like how we think of things. It is like your brain thinks about itself, then thinks
about how it thinks about itself.

Metacognition

is commonly defined as "thinking about thinking." It is the awareness of the scope and limitations of
your current knowledge and skills.

Due to this awareness, metacognition enables the person to adapt their existing knowledge and skills to
existing knowledge and skills to approach a learning task, seeking for optimum result of the learning
experience.

metacognition is also not limited to the thinking process of an individual. It also includes keeping one's
emotions and motivation while learning in check.

Some people learn better when they like the subject, some when they are challenged by the topic, and
others if they have a reward system each time they finish a task. The emotional state and motivation of
the person then should also be preferred ideal state for that person in order to further facilitate his or
her learning.

Aspects and elements of Metacognition

Metacognition has two aspects

Self Appraisal is the personal reflection on your knowledge and capabilities while self management is
the mental process you employ using what you have in planning and adapting to successfully learn or
accomplish a certain task.

Elements of Metacognition on the other hand are metacognitive knowledge or what you know about
how you think and metacognition regulation or how you adjust your thinking processes to help you
learn better.
Variables of Metacognitive knowledge

1. Personal Variable

evaluation of strengths and weaknesses on learning

2. Task Variable

what you know or what you think about the nature of the task, as well as the strategies the task requires

3. Strategy Variable

refers to what strategies or skills you already have in dealing with certain tasks

*ibutang sa notes ang definition*

However, it must be noted that in order to make self-appraisal and self -management work, you must
have an accurate self assessment- you must be honest about what you know and capable of in order to
find ways to utilize your strengths and improve on your weaknesses

According to Waterloo Student Access Office, these are the skills that help you in exercising
metacognition

1. Knowing your limits

2. Modifying your approach

3. Skimming

4. Rehearsing

5. Self- Test

Other strategies that you need to develop include asking questions about your methods, self-reflection,
finding a mentor or support group if necessary, thinking out loud and welcoming errors as learning
experiences

Four types of metacognitive learners according to Perkins (1992)

1. Tacit Learners - they are unaware of their metacognitive processes although they know the extent of
their knowledge
2. Aware Learners - they are aware on some of their metacognitive processes but they do not plan on
how to use these techniques

3. Strategic Learners- they strategize and plan their course of action toward a learning experience

4. Reflective Learners - they reflect on their thinking while they are using the strategies and adapt
metacognitive skills depending on their situation

Benefits of using metacognitive techniques

As you may have noticed, the goal of metacognition is for the student to become a self regulated learner.
Education should not be limited by the capabilities of a teacher, the content of school textbooks, the four
corners of the classroom and the duration of the academic year or courses. You should have the
capability of studying on your own as well as accurately evaluate your progress.

This is one of the benefits of using metacognitive techniques and strategies. Another benefit is the
compensation and development of cognitive limitations of the learner because the student is now aware
of his/her capabilities. Significant improvements on Academic performance in any subjects and across
age range and students are also enabled to transfer knowledge from one context into another.

Other tips you can use on studying

1. Make an outline of things you want to learn, the things you are reading or doing, and or the things you
remember

2. Break down the task in smaller and more manageable details.

3. Integrate variation in your schedule and learning experience.

4. Try to incubate your ideas

5. Revise, summarize and take down notes, then reread them to help you minimize cramming on the last
minute, especially when you have weakness in memorizing facts and data.

6. Engage on what you have learned.

Application/Assessment