BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering

Wave Propagation And Antenna

1.(Apr 1998) Antenna which 7.What is the bridge circuit 12.What are beams called if
is not properly terminated used in conjunction with a all elements are in line?
a) Isotropic turnstile antenna for the a) Stack
b) Resonant purpose of feeding two b) Colinear
c) Non-resonant separate signals to a single c) Angled
d) Whip antenna? d) Block
a) Circulator
2.The region within the b) Diplexer 13.What is a disadvantage
influence of the induction field c) Duplexer when using round rather than
of an antenna. d) Isolator rectangular waveguide?
a) Far Filed a) Polarization may rotate
b) Radiation Pattern 8.What is an application of b) Higher attenuation
c) Radiation Field loop antenna? c) Slower propagation
d) Near Field a) Direction finding d) Larger dimension
b) Satellite communication
3.VHF radio wave signals are c) Radar 14.What is the power gain of
propagated d) Telephone system a half-wave dipole with
a) Via the ionosphere respect to an isotropic
b) Via ground wave 9.For earth’s station radiator?
c) Along the ground transmitter with an output a) 3 dB
d) Through the troposhere power of 40 dBw, a back-off b) 2.15 dB
loss of 13 dB, a total c) 6dB
4.(Mar 1996) Gain of an branching and feeder loss of d) 1.64 dB
isotropic antenna. 13 dB, and a transmit
a) -1 dB antenna gain of 40 dB, 15.What is the orientation of
b) 0 dB determine the EIRP. the electric field of an
c) 2 dB a) 67 dBw antenna to the earth’s
d) 1 dB b) 74 dBw surface and antenna
c) 54 dBw structure?
5.What is the dB gain of an d) 80 dBw a) Vertical
antenna that delivers a 100- b) Polarization
µV signal over that of an 10.Whereas resonant c) Collimation
antenna delivers 75-µV? antenna is bidirectional, non- d) Horizontal
a) 1.5 dB resonant antenna is ____.
b) 2.5 dB a) Bidirectional 16.It is an array of metallic
c) 2.15 dB b) All of the above conductors buried beneath
d) 5 dB c) Unidirectional the antenna, which is used ti
d) Omnidirectional improve the conductivity of
6.The critical frequency is the natural earth.
____ the maximum usable 11.(mar 1996) What is the a) Earth mat
frequency. gain of four identically b) Counterpoise
a) Has no relation with polarized antennas stacked c) Loading coil
b) Euqal to one above the other and fed d) ATU
c) Lower than in phase?
d) Higher than a) 6 dB over the gain of one 17.In a half-wave antenna,
antenna the center impedance is
b) 3 dB over the gain of one equal to _____.
antenna a) 300 Ω
c) 4 dB over the gain of one b) 50 Ω
antenna c) 73 Ω
d) 10 dB over the gain of one d) 2500 Ω
antenna

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 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna
18.The electric field intensity
of a dipole at a remote point
varies as
a) 1/r3
b) 1/r
c) 1/r4
d) 1/r2
19.A type of antenna capable
of transmitting (receiving) a
TEM wave polarized in any
direction. a) Horn antenna
b) Discone
c) Helical Antenna
d) Circular Waveguide
Circular Waveguide
20.(Nov 1997) Width
measured in degrees of a
major lobe between end of
the lobe at which the relative
power is one half (-3dB) its
value from the peak of the
lobe.
a) Beamwidth
b) Radiation
c) Wavelength
d) Bandwidth
21.(Apr 1998) What is meant
by referring to
electromagnetic waves as
horizontally polarized?
a) The magnetic field is
parallel to the earth
b) Both the electric and
magnetic fields are vertical
c) The electric field is
parallel to the earth
d) Both the electric and
magnetic fields are horizontal
22.(Mar 1996) it is a measure
of the microwave power
radiated from an antenna as
a function of angular direction
from the antenna axis.
a) Polarization
b) Antenna pattern
c) Beamwidth
d) Sidelobes
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23.(Nov 1997) Any small
element of space in the path
of a wave may be considered
as a source of secondary
wavelet.
a) De Morgan’s Principle
b) Fresnel’s law of optics
c) Huygen’s Principle
d) Faraday’s Law
24.For an antenna with a
radiation resistance of 50-Ω,
how much power will be
radiated if the antenna
current is 50 A?
a) 250 kW
b) 50 kW
c) 500 kW
d) 125 kW
25.What must be added
between a 50-Ω coaxial line
and the base of a center-
loaded vertical whip?
a) L-pad
b) T-attenuator
c) H-pad
d) O-pad
26.What is the FSL in dB at
300 MHz between the earth
station and a satellite at
37,000 km?
a) 180 dB
b) 173.4 dB
c) 315 dB
d) 237.5 dB
27.(Apr 1997) Which is
properly terminated antenna?
a) Rhombic
b) Hertz
c) Dipole
d) Marconi
28.(Nov 1997) A helical
antenna for satellite tracking
because of _____.
a) Broad bandwidth
b) Circular polarization
c) Manueverability
d) Good front-to-back
29.What type of HF antennas
are usually used on small
vessels?
a) Base-loaded
b) Bellintosic
c) Quagi
d) Adcock
30.What should be the height
of a Marconi antenna to
transmit a 200-MHz signal?
(use the 95% rule)
a) 10 m
b) 20 m
c) 15 m
d) 0.35625 m
31.(Mar 1996) The standard
reference antenna for the
directive gain is ____.
a) Elementary doublet
b) Half-wave dipole
c) Isotropic antenna
d) Infinitesimal dipole
32.Scatter transmission is
used at what frequencies?
a) HF and LF
b) MF and HF
c) VHF and UHF
d) ELF and SHF
33.It is the ability of an
antenna to transmit and
receive in a specific direction
while discriminating against
transmission or reception
from all other directions.
a) Directivity
b) polarization
c) Radiation pattern
d) Beamwidth
34.It is the bending of
radiowaves as they over the
upper edge of a hill or
mountain.
a) Raylength scattering
b) Ducting
c) Knife-edge diffraction
d) Diffuse-refraction
 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna
35.(Apr 1998) Known as the
technique for adding a series
inductor at or near the center
of an antenna element in
order to cancel the capacitive
reactance of an antenna.
a) Loading coil
b) Dipole
c) Center loading
d) Reflector
36.What is the impedance of
free space?
a) 3 x 108 Ω
b) 1 Ω
c) 377 Ω
d) 4π Ω
37.(Nov 1996) An
electromagnetic wave
consists of
a) Both electric and
magnetic field
b) Non magnetic field only
c) An electric field only
d) A magnetic field only
38.The polarization of
helical antenna is ____.
a) Omnidirectional
b) Bidirectional
c) Circular
d) Vertical
39.(Nov 1997) The electrical
field lies in a plane parallel to
the earth’s surface.
a) Horizontal polarization
b) Elliptical polarization
c) Circular polarization
d) Vertical polarization
40.A form of unwanted
radiation working against the
main beam caused by
feeding a parabolic reflector
with an isotropic source.
a) Sidelobe Radiation
b) F / B radiation
c) Backlobe Radiation
d) Leakage
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41.What is the resistance of a 46.(Apr 1997) The frequency
lossless Hertz antenna in free of operation of a dipole
space? antenna cut to length of
a) 300 Ω 3.4m.
b) 73 Ω a) 42.9 MHz
c) 36.5 Ω b) 38.5 MHz
d) 50 Ω c) 53.5 MHz
d) 61.3 MHz
42.(Apr 1998) What is meant
by the term antenna 47.(Nov 1996) A dipole
bandwidth? antenna requires to be feed
a) Antenna length divided by with 20 kW of power to
the number of element produce a given signal
b) The angle between the strength to a particular distant
half-power radiation points point. If the addition of a
c) The angle formed between reflector makes the same
two imaginary lines drawn field strength with an input
through the elements power of 11 kW. What is the
d) The frequency range gain in dB obtained by the
over which an antenna can use of the reflector? ( gain
be expected to perform referred to this particular
well dipole)
a) 2.6
43.A parasitic element of an b) 4.75
array is one which c) 4.24
a) Is spaced λ/8 from driven d) 1.61
element
a b) Increase signal strength in 48.(Apr 1997) The
its own direction polarization of a discone
c) Is directly connected to the antenna is ______.
transmitter output a) Vertical
d) Is not connected to the b) Omni
transmitter output c) Horizontal
d) Directional
44.Which of the following is
an example of a traveling 49.A type of antenna array
wave antenna? consisting of a linear
a) Rhombic arrangement of simple
b) Log-periodic dipoles fed 90 degrees out of
c) Yagi-Uda phase and having a radiation
d) Discone pattern of maximum
directivity in the plane of the
45.During night time, the D- array. (0 correct answers)
layer in the ionosphere a) Broadside Array
a) Disappears b) Log-Periodic
b) Splits into two layers c) Turnstile Array
c) Combine with E layer d) End-fire Array
d) Exists
 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna

50.What is the ability of an 55.The beamwidth anlge of a 61.(Apr 1998) What are the
antenna to concentrate parabolic dish antenna ____ electromagnetic waves?
radiated energy in a desired the dish diameter. a) a wave consisting of two
direction? a) Is independent of magnetic fields at right
a) ERP b) Is equal to angles to each other
b) Beamwidth c) Decrease with increase b) a wave consisting of two
c) Efficiency in electric fields at right angles
d) Directivity d) Deacrease with deacrease to each other
in c) a wave consisting of an
51.A dipole antenna is used electrical field and a
to receive a horizontally 56.An antenna ____ is a magnetic field at right
polarized transmission. What metal structure that substitute angles to each other
should be the antenna for earth ground. d) alternating currents in the
orientation for maximum a) Counterpoise core of an electromagnet
reception? b) Array
a) Elliptical c) PCB 62.What produces residual
b) Circular d) Loading coil signal in a loop antenna?
c) Vertical a) Faraday waves
d) Horizontal 57.(Mar 1996) An antenna b) Space waves
which is not resonant at c) Ground waves
52.A type microwave antenna particular frequencies and so d) Sky waves
in which the feed-point is can be used over a wide
located at the vertex of the band of frequencies is called 63.Which of the following is
parabola and is directed _____. not true about parabolic
against a secondary a) Cassegrain reflector?
hyperbolic reflector. b) Boresight a) Pencil beam antenna
a) Cassegrain Antenna c) Periodic b) Omnidirectional antenna
b) Spherical reflector d) Top-loaded c) Not a broadcast antenna
c) Lens Antenna d) Popularly used antenna in
d) Parabolic Dish 58.Which of the following has terrestrial line-of-sight
circularly polarization? communication
53.It is non-resonant antenna a) Small circular loop
several wavelengths long, but b) Circular horn 64.(Nov 1998) What is the
not cut to any particular c) Parabolic reflector term for the ratio of the
wavelength. d) Helical radiation resistance of an
a) Long-Wire Antenna antenna to the total
b) Quagi 59.(Nov 1997) Production of resistance of the antenna
c) Hertz Antenna radiation by a ratio system?
d) Marconi Antenna transmitting station. a) Beamwidth
a) Radiation b) Radiation conversion loss
54.An antenna structure b) Monitoring c) Antenna efficiency
consisting of three end-fed c) Emission d) Effective radiated power
λ/2 dipoles coupled in series. d) Transmission
a) Zeppelin antenna 65.The virtual height of an
b) Sterba array 60.The radio horizon for ionospheric layer is ____ as
c) Lazy-H antennas space waves is about ____ the height a wave actually
d) Franklin antenna as far as the optical horizon. penetrates.
a) 4 / 3 a) None of the above
b) 2 / 3 b) Less
c) 3 / 4 c) More
d) 3 / 2 d) Same

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 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna

66.It is an array of simple 72.How is capacitive 79.Radio waves are

dipoles fed in the phase and reactance compensated in an propagated by _____ through
having a radiation pattern antenna? the ionosphere.
whose maximum directivity is a) Use earth mat a) Direct waves
along the axis normal to the b) Add series inductance b) Space waves
array. c) Using electron ball c) Sky waves
a) Log-periodic d) Use counterpoise d) Ground waves
b) End-fire array
c) Yagi-Uda 73.(Nov 1997) At height 80.(Nov 1997) An
d) Broadside Array about 180 km above the electromagnetic wave is ____
earth exist only during polarized when the electric
67.The approximate daylight. a) E layer field lies wholly in one plane
impedance of a half-wave b) F2 layer containing the direction of
floded dipole antenna is ____ c) F1 layer propagation.
Ω. d) D layer a) Horizontally
a) 600 b) Circuitry
b) 300 74.What antenna placement c) Linearly
c) 75 and feed produces a d) Vertically
d) 150 cardioids radiation pattern?
a) 30o apart and fed at 60o 81.Which is not wide-band
68.Lens antenna used for b) 45o apart and fed at 90o antenna?
microwaves are usually made c) 60o apart and fed at 30o a) Folded dipole
of d) 90o apart and fed at 45o b) Marconi
a) Polystyrene c) Rhombic
b) Glass of low refractive 75.A folded-dipole has ____ d) Long-wire
index bandwidth than a single-
c) Paraboloid surface dipole arrangement. 82.(Apr 1997) What is the
d) Dielectric media having a) None of the above thickest layer of the
infinite refractive index b) The same ionosphere?
c) Lesser a) F2
69.Which of the following d) Greater b) F1
gives more forward gain? c) D
a) Director 76.A measure of the d) E
b) Reflector distribution of radiated power
c) Boom over a given area is called 83.In what unit is filed
d) Coax ____. intensity measured?
a) Window a) W/m
70.What polarization is b) Power Density b) mV/m
employed in AM c) Field Strength c) W/m2
broadcasting? d) Wave attenuation d) V
a) Horizontal
b) elliptical 77.Which reactance would a 84.In what direction is the null
c) Vertical dipole have if it is 0.6λ long? of a small-diameter loop in
d) Circular a) Capacitive relation to the plane of the
b) Resistive loop?
71.The 3dB beamwidth of a c) Inductive a) 45o
70% efficient microwave dish d) Conductance b) 135o
antenna is 0.1o at 4GHz. c) Right angles
Compute the gain in dB. 78.The _____ in yagi d) Along the plane
a) 65.3 dBi antenna is longer than the
b) 70 dBi radiating element.
c) 76.3 dBi a) Reflector
d) 43 dBi b) Dipole
c) Director
d) Boom

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 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna

85.A microwave antenna 92.A parabolic antenna is 98.A type of dielectric lens
formed from a circular commonly used at _____. shape used to reduce excess
waveguide. a) 3000 MHz weight and attenuation is
a) Conical Horn Antenna b) 300 kHz called ____.
b) Cassegrain c) 30 MHz a) Graded Lens
c) Discone d) 3000 THz b) Curved Lens
d) Lens Antenna c) Zoned Lens
93.The angle measured d) Cut lens
86.(Nov 1996) Top loading is between the 3 dB down
used in an antenna to points on the major lobe of an 99.Which radiowave is
increase its ____. antenna’s radiation pattern. primarily transmitted along
a) Beamwidth a) Beamwidth the surface of the earth?
b) Bandwidth b) Null angle a) Space wave
c) Input capabilities c) Bandwidth b) Ground wave
d) Effective height d) Azimuth c) Direct wave
d) Sky wave
87.The use of top-loading is 94.(Nov 1997) the reflector
to a) Increase its effective and director of an antenna 100.Which layer of the
height array are considered as ionosphere mostly reflects
b) Increase its bandwidth a) Parasitic elements the high-frequency
c) Increase its height b) Driven elements radiowaves?
d) Decrease its input c) Feed-points a) E
impedance d) Transcendental elements b) D
c) F1
88.A ____ antenna is 95.The number of lobes on d) F2
essentially an extension of each side of a 4λ resonant
the end of a waveguide. antenna is 101.A method used in
a) Helical a) 2 determining the feed-point
b) Yagi b) 8 impedance of a vertical
c) Discone c) 1 antenna.
d) Horn d) 4 a) Delta match
b) Sleeve bridge
89.(Nov 1997) Unity gain 96.To increase antenna c) Top loading
antenna efficiency, the ____ must be d) Impedance bridge
a) Rhombic increased.
b) Half-wave dipole a) length 102.(Apr 1998) What do you
c) Dummy b) Input reactance mean by the outward flow of
d) Isotropic c) Ohmic resistance an energy from any source in
d) Radiation resistance the form of radio waves?
90.(Mar 1996) The lowest a) Radiation
layer in the ionosphere. 97.A short horizontal section b) Tracking
a) F2 to the top of Marconi antenna c) Emission
b) F1 to add inductance, thereby d) Encoding
c) D increasing its effective length.
d) E a) ATU 103.(Apr 1997)
b) Top Loading Electromagnetic radiation
91.(Apr 1998) Best c) Shield theory was profounded by
description of a collinear and d) Lightning Arrestor ____.
broadside antenna radiation a) Michael Faraday
pattern. b) Sir Isaac Newton
a) Bidirectional c) James Clark Maxwell
b) Perfect circle d) Sir Edward Appleton
c) Unidirectional
d) Omnidirectional

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 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna
104.(Nov 1996) Which is the
non-resonant antenna? a)
Broadside antenna
b) Folded dipole
c) Rhombic antenna
d) End-fire array
105.(Apr 1998) Where does
the voltage node of a half-
wave antenna exists? a) At
feed point
b) Near the center
c) Near the feed point
d) At center
106.(Apr 1997) Which region
of the ionosphere is mainly
responsible for long distance
time communications? a) F
layer
b) D layer
c) E layer
d) A layer
107.(Apr 1997) How much
does the radiated power of
an antenna increase if its
current increased by 3.3
times? a) 9.9 times
b) 3.3 times
c) 10.89 times
d) 6.6 times
108.Which of the following is
not true about an end-fire
array? a) It is called a linear
resonant dipole array
b) There is no radiation at
right angles
c) It has a dipole spacing of λ
d) It has narrow bandwidth
109.With similar size, which
of the following has the
greatest gain? a) Plane-
reflector
b) Parabolic
c) Corner-reflector
d) Loop
© Copyright BSECE Online Board Examination Reviewer 2009.
110.If a receiver could use an
ideal isotropic antenna, it
could be received if an ideal
half-wave dipole were used?
a) 179 nW
b) 146 nW
c) 64 nW
d) 164 nW
111.What is meant by radio-
path horizon? a) Shortest
distance from the receiver
b) 3/4 of the optical horizon
c) Shortest distance from the
transmitter
d) 4/3 of the optical horizon
112.What is the advantage of
drooping ground planes? a)
Higher center impedance
b) Low attenuation
c) Low impedance
d) Good conductivity
113.Within what tolerance
must antenna currents be
held in directive systems? a)
10%
b) 2%
c) 5%
d) 20%
114.The atmospheric
absorption of radiowaves
depend on a) Their distance
from the transmitter
b) The polarization of the
atmosphere
c) The polarization of the
waves
d) Their frequency
115.How high must a amount of power as that
receiving antenna be to
receive a signal directly from
an over-the-horizon
transmitter whose antenna is
30 ft. high? The distance
between antennas is 15mi. a)
12 ft.
b) 26.3 ft.
c) 12.6 ft.
d) 13.6 ft.
116.The major mode of
propagation for antenna that
are line of sight at about what
frequency? a) 1 GHz
b) 30 MHz
c) 15MHz
d) 3 MHz
117.(Apr 1998) Where does
the maximum current and
minimum voltage values on a
resonant Hertz dipole exist?
a) Near the end of the
antenna
b) Near the center of the
antenna
c) Center of the antenna
d) Ends of the antenna
118.The advantages of using
cassegrain feed in aparabolic
reflector is a) It increase the
gain of the system
b) It incearse the beamwidth
of the system
c) It reduces the size of the
main reflector
d) It allows the feed to be
placed at a convenient point
119.Why are small balls
attached to whip antennas?
a) For effective length
b) To prevent corona
discharge
c) For grounding
d) To reflect lightning
120.(Nov 1998) What is
meant by the term radiation
resistance for an antenna? a)
An equipment resistance that
would dissipate the same
radiated from an antenna.
b) The specific impedance of
the antenna.
c) The resistance in the trap
coils to received signal.
d) Losses in the antenna
elements and feed line.
121.(Nov 1996) the lowest
resistance ground on earth.
a) Sand
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Wave Propagation And Antenna

b) Surface loam soil d) Minor lobes

c) Limestone 135.Virtual height of an
d) Clay 128.(Mar 1996) When the ionospheric layer is always
transmitting and receiving ___ its actual height. a)
antennas are in line-of-sight Greater than
with each other, the mode of b) Constant to
122.The structure made of propagation is ____ wave. a) c) Equal to
plastic-like material used to Ground d) Less than
enclose the complete b) Space or direct
antenna assembly to protect c) Surface 136.A V-antenna is a ____
the antenna from the weather d) sky antenna. a) Non-resonant
and to reduce wind or snow b) Bidirectional
loading. a) Sheat 129.______ elements are c) Omnidirectional
b) Radome antenna conductors not d) Resonant
c) Codan directly connected to the
d) Stalo transmission line. a) Driven 137.What will happen if a sky
b) Parasitic wave meets a ground wave
123.A horizontal antenna c) Dipole at a receiver and they are
provides a radio wave with d) ground appreciably out of phase? a)
____ polarization. a) Circular Increase in the depth of
b) Horizontal 130.What layer of the modulation
c) Elliptical ionosphere occurs only b) Fading
d) Vertical during daytime? a) D c) Overloading of the RF
b) All of the above occurs
124.To install an antenna c) F2 d) Distortion in modulation
with a line-of-sight d) F1
transmission at a distance of 138.____ is the upper portion
75 miles, determine the 131.(Nov 1998) Type of of the earth’s atmosphere,
height of a receiving antenna antenna which is normally which absorbs large
if the transmitting antenna is used for satellite tracking quantities of sun’s radiation.
250 ft. a) 1,385 ft. service. a) Yagi a) Stratosphere
b) 600 ft. b) Omni b) Troposphere
c) 400 ft. c) Dipole c) Plutosphere
d) 255 ft d) Helical d) Ionosphere

125.What wave is the same 132.Tropospheric scatter 139.Which ionospheric layer

day or night? a) Sky wave may be used in what is present at night? a) G
b) Space wave frequency range? a) UHF b) D
c) Ground wave b) HF c) F
d) Direct wave c) VLF d) E
d) VHF
126.Where are the maximum 140.(Nov 1996)
voltage points on a half 133.How many receiving Electromagnetic waves travel
wavelength antenna? a) antenna(s) are used with at _____ in free space. a)
Ends frequency diversity? a) 3 400,000 km/sec
b) Corner-center b) 4 b) 100,000 km/sec
c) Bottom c) 1 c) 300,000 km/sec
d) Center d) 2 d) 200 km/sec

127.____ of a directional 134.The relative permittivity 141.Why is a half-wavelength

antenna pattern are those in of air is much ____ that of antenna always shorter than
which radiation is maximum. empty space. a) Greater than that computed by λ = v/f? a)
a) Bandwidth b) None of the above Ground plane
b) Major lobes c) The same b) Top loading
c) Beamwidth d) Less than c) Air resistance

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 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna
d) End effects 148.How must elements of a
turnstile antenna be fed? a)
142.(Apr 1998) An increase 45o out of phase
in the effective power b) 180o out of phase
radiated by an antenna in a c) 360o out of phase
certain desired direction at d) 90o out of phase
the expense of power
radiated in other directions. 149.What is the minimum
a) Antenna total ratio recommended distance for
b) Antenna back lobe ratio antenna separation in a 2-
c) Antenna efficiency GHz space-diversity
d) Antenna gain receiving system? a) 1 m
b) 10 m
143.Any finite, usually small, c) 0.9 m
local area of a spherical wave d) 11 m
front is called _____. a) Local
Wave 150.How much more feed-
b) Intrinsic Wave point impedance does a
c) Plane Wave folded dipole have than a
d) Surface Wave normal dipole? a) Equal
b) Three times
144.The skip distance is the c) Twice
____ distance up to which d) Four times
ionospheric reflection is
possible. a) Same 151.(Apr 1998) _____ is a
b) Fluctuatuing major cause of the sporadic-
c) Minimum E condition. a) Sunspot
d) Maximum b) Temperature inversion
c) Meteors
145.(Nov 1996) Tropospheric d) Near the feed point
scatter uses the frequencies
in the ____ band. a) VLF 152.A transmitting antenna is
b) UF on a 50-ft. tower and the
c) VHF receiving antenna is on an
d) UHF identical tower. How far apart
is the potential distance
146.Signals in the UHF range between them? a) 60 mi
propagate by means of b) 20 mi
waves a) Surface c) 57 mi
b) Sky d) 100mi
c) Ground
d) Space 153.What is meant by a
driven element of an array?
a) Longest element
b) Directly connected to the
147.(Nov 1997) What makes transmitter
an antenna physically long c) Not connected to the
but electrically short? a) All of transmitter
these d) Shortest element
b) Adding C in series
c) Top loading 154.What are the two fields
d) Adding L in series that radiate from any
antenna? a) Electric and
magnetic
b) Magnetic and dynamic
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c) Electric and static
d) Electric and non-electric
155.A 500-kHz transmitter
produces a filed strength of
100 µV/m at 100 mi. What is
the theoretical strength at
200 mi? a) 75 µV/m
b) 50 µV/m
c) 25 µV/w
d) 200 µV/m
156.The type of wave
propagation in the UHF band
(0 correct answers)a) Space
wave
b) Sky wave
c) Ground wave
d) Surface wave
157.When speaking of
antennas, what is a bay? a)
Three dipole antennas
b) Four Marconi antennas
c) A section which would be a
complete antenna by itself
d) Do not affect the
polarization
158.(Mar 1996) An antenna
that is circularly polarized is
the _____. a) Parabolic
reflector
b) Small circular loop
c) Helical
d) Yagi-uda
159.It is a condition of
excessive illumination caused
by feeding a parabolic
reflector with an
omnidirectional source. a)
Diffraction
b) Clutter
c) Spillover
d) Backlobe radiation
160.Which is not a
characteristic of a discone
antenna? a) Broad band
b) Unidirectional
 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna

c) omnidirectional d) Far field d) Have no primary antenna

d) Low gain mount to obstruct radiation
167.____ is an example of a
161.In a turnsile antenna, the parasitic array. a) Log- 172.(Apr 1997) _____ is the
crissed dipoles are excited Periodic horizontal pointing angle of
with voltages a) 180o out of b) Rhombic Antenna an antenna. a) Angle of
phase with each other c) End-Fire Array elevation
b) In phase with each other d) Yagi-Uda b) Right angle
c) 360o out of phase with c) Azimuth
each other 168.(Mar 1996) What is d) Bandwidth
d) 90o out of phase with each meant by antenna gain? a)
other The ratio of the signal in the 173.Calculate the exact
forward direction to the signal length of a typical dipole
162.(Nov 1997) Radio wave in the backward direction. antenna to receive a 108-
concentration in the direction b) The ratio of the amount of MHz FM transmission. a)
of the signal emitted by a power produced by the 2.13 m
directional antenna. a) antenna compared to the b) 1.32 m
Transmitted signal output power of the c) 32 m
b) Major lobe radiation transmitter. d) 3.12 m
c) Side lobe radiation c) The numeric ratio relating
d) Back lobe radiation the radiated signal strength of 174.(Nov 1997) What is the
an antenna if the transmitting unit of magnetic field
163.A type of antenna antenna is 250 ft. strength? (0 correct
designed to receive or radiate d) The final amplifier gain answers)a) Ampere/meter
electromagnetic waves with minus the transmission line b) Watt/meter
orthogonal polarizations. a) loss (including any phasing c) Watt/meter2
Discone lines present) d) Ohms/meter
b) End-fire array
c) Dual polarized antenna 169.(Apr 1997) A device that 175.When microwave signals
d) Cassegrain antenna radiates electromagnetic follow the curvature of the
energy and/ or intercepts earth, this is known as a)
164.What is an inverted V electromagnetic radiation. a) Tropospheric scatter
antenna? a) Parasitic Antenna b) The faraday effect
antenna b) Transmission Line c) Ionospheric reflection
b) Drooping dipole c) Transceiver d) Ducting
c) A-antenna d) Transmitter
d) Dipole array
170.(Apr 1997) When waves
165.(Nov 1996) What is the bend away from staright lines 176.What is the theoretical
free space loss, in dB, of travel, it is called ____. a) radiation resistance of
between two microwave Diffraction horizontal λ/2 dipole a λ/2
parabolic antennas 38.0 b) Reflection high? a) 73 Ω
kilometer apart operating at c) Rarefraction b) 300 Ω
7.0 GHz? a) 138.5 dB d) Refraction c) 36.5 Ω
b) 135.5 dB d) 292 Ω
c) 145.6 dB 171.The main advantage of
d) 140.98 dB dielectric lens antennas over 177.Which of the following is
a parabolic reflector is that a low gain but omnidirectional
166.What is the they _____. a) Have low antenna? a) End-fire array
electromagnetic field that dielectric losses b) Discone
surrounds an antenna but b) Have large frequency c) Rhombic
does not radiate? a) range d) Log-periodic
Induction Field c) Can be zoned to reduce
b) Radiation Field weight
c) Magnetic Field

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 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna
178.What is the gain of a dish
antenna with D = 20λ? a)
43.5 dB
b) 41.8 dB
c) 29.1 dB
d) 33.8 dB
179.What is the relation in
degrees of the electrostatic
and electromagnetic fields of
an antenna? a) 360o
b) 90o
c) 0o
d) 180o
180.____ waves can
propagate on piezoelectric
substrates. a) Surface
b) Space
c) Wavelets
d) Sky
181.(Apr 1998) At the ends of
a half-wave antenna, what
values of current and voltage
exist compared to the
remainder of the antenna? a)
Equal voltage and current
b) Minimum voltage and
minimum current
c) Minimum voltage and
maximum current
d) Maximum voltage and
maximum current
182.(Mar 1996) ____ occurs
when the microwave beam is
at point of gazing over an
obstacle. a) Diffraction
b) Refraction
c) Reflection
d) Absorption
183.What happens to the
wave velocity as it passes
from air to ionosphere? a)
Decreases
b) Fluctuates
c) Remain the same
d) Increases
184.A field of 25 mV/m
develops 2v in a certain
© Copyright BSECE Online Board Examination Reviewer 2009.
antenna. What is its effective
height? a) 12.5 m
b) 50 m
c) 80 m
d) 160 m
185.(Apr 1997) When testing
transmitter to prevent
interfering with other stations,
which type of antenna must
be used? a) Hertzian antenna
b) None of these
c) Void antenna
d) Dummy antenna
186.What is the radiation
resistance of a half-wave
folded dipole? a) 73 Ω
b) 292 Ω
c) 146 Ω
d) 216 Ω
187.An antenna loading coil
is a series inductance used to
make the antenna electrically
______. a) Shorter
b) longer
c) Neutral
d) Balance
188.What is a dummy load?
a) A reactive load used in
place of the antenna.
b) Any loading coil.
c) Capacitive reactance.
d) Simulates the transmitting
antenna but doesn’t transmit
any signal.
189.Anomalous propagation
of radiowaves is caused by
_____. a) Super-refractive
duct
b) Troposcatter
c) Meterological factors
d) Ducting
190.(Mar 1996) It consists of
a number of dipoles of equal
size equally spaced along a
straight line with all dipoles
fed in the same source. a)
Broadside array
b) Log-periodic antenna
c) End-fire array
d) Yagi antenna
191.(Nov 1997) Determine
the gain of a 6 ft. parabolic
dish operating at 1800 MHz.
a) 30 dB
b) 28.d17 B
c) 11.2 dB
d) 15.5 dB
192.(Apr 1998) Refers to a
type of beam antenna which
uses two or more staright
elements arranged in linewith
each other. a) Dipole antenna
b) Whip antenna
c) Rhombic antenna
d) Yagi antenna
193.What is the name of
antennas that are grounded
at one end? a) Discover
b) Andrews
c) Harris
d) Marconi
194.What is another term
used for dummy antenna? a)
Rheostat
b) Coil
c) Plane
d) Phantom
195.(Mar 1996) in what
region of the world is
sporadic-E most prevalent?
a) The equatorial regions
b) The arctic regions
c) The polar region
d) The northern hemisphere
196.(Nov 1996) When
electromagnetic waves are
propagated through a
waveguide, they a) Travel
along the broader wall of the
waveguide
b) Travel along four walls of
the waveguide
c) Are reflected from the
walls but do not travel along
them
 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna

d) Travel through the 204.Determine the Q of an kW, the coax line loss is
dielectric without touching the antenna with the bandwidth 300W, and antenna power
walls of 0.5 MHz that is cut to a gain is 3 dB? a) 100 kW
frequency of 20 MHz. a) 40 b) 99.4 kW
197.(Nov 1997) the electric b) 100 c) 125 kW
field in a plane perpendicular c) 60 d) 50 kW
to the earth’s surface. a) d) 20
Elliptical polarization 211.(Nov 1997) The product
b) Circular polarization 205.What is the length of the of the power supplied to the
c) Vertical polarization director in a three-element antenna and its gain relative
d) Horizontal polarization Yagi for 100MHz operation to a half-wave dipole in a
using 0.2λ interelement given direction. a) ERP
198.What antenna has spacing? a) 1.65 m b) Peak envelope power
omnidirectional b) 1.425 m c) Carrier power
characteristics? a) Rhombic c) 1.575 m d) Rated power
b) Cassegrain d) 1.8 m
c) Discone 212.Antenna side lobes
d) Log-Periodic 206.What is the length in feet causes a) Ambiguity in
of an antenna wire for 4 MHz direction
199.(Mar 1996) EIRP stands if the antenna is 3λ/2 in b) Reduction in gain of the
for a) Efficient and ideal length? a) 45 ft. antenna
radiated power b) 636 ft. c) Increase in antenna
b) Effective isotropic power c) 363 ft. directivity
c) Effective isotropic refracted d) 63 ft. d) Reduction in beamwidth of
power antenna
d) Effective isotropic radiated 207.It is the ratio of the
power antenna transmitting 213.(Nov 1997) Radiation
frequency to its bandwidth. a) characteristics of a dipole. a)
200.(Nov 1997) Radiation fr Figure of eight
pattern of a discone. a) b) D b) Omnidirectional
Uniderctional c) ρ c) Bidirectional
b) Omnidirectional d) Q d) Unidirectional
c) Figure of eight
d) Bidirectional 208.A type of antenna whose
resonant properties cause
201.It is described as the standing waves to exist along 214.Ground waves will
MUF factor a) Sec θ the antenna elements. a) propagate best over ______.
b) Cos θ Helical Antenna a) Forested area
c) Sin θ b) Resonant Antenna b) Rocky terrain
d) Csc θ c) Rhombic Antenna c) Saltwater
d) Non-resonant Antenna d) Desert area
202.What is the phase
separation of two antennas 209.(Apr 1997) Highest 215.Used to measure the
3λ/8 apart? a) 135o frequency that can be used absolute signal strength
b) 67.5o for skywave HF defined as the voltage
c) 360o communications between two induced in a one-meter
d) 270o given points on earth. a) antenna by a radiated TEM
Critical frequency wave. a) Captured Power
203.How often does sunspot b) Gyro frequency b) Power density
(short term) activity repeat? c) Virtual frequency c) Field strength
a) 365 days d) Maximum usable d) Wave attenuation
b) 27 days frequency
c) 60 days 216.What is an isotropic
d) 366 days 210.What is the ERP if the radiator? a) Has a gain of 1
output of a transmitter is 50 b) A reference antenna

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 BSECE Board Examination Reviewer in Communications Engineering
Wave Propagation And Antenna

c) All of the above 222.The frequency normally

d) Radiates uniformly in all used for ionospheric
directions transmission is known as
____. a) Nominal frequency
217.(Apr 1998) What is the b) Critical frequency
driven element of an c) MUF
antenna? a) The element d) Optimum working
connected to the rotator frequency
b) The element fed by the
transmission line 223.(Nov 1997) Theoretical
c) Always the forward most gain of a hertzian dipole. a)
element 2.15 dB
d) Always the rearmost b) 0 dB
element c) 3 dB
d) 1.76 dB
218.(Nov 1996) A horizontal
antenna is? a)
Perpendicularly polarized
b) Horizontally polarized 224.What feed requirements
c) Centrally polarized must be met to produce a
d) Vertically polarized circular radiation pattern
when using two crossed
219.The antenna used at dipoles? a) Feed 90o apart
microwave frequencies to electrically
focus its waves is a(n) ____ b) Feed 360o apart
antenna. a) Horn c) Feed 275o apart
b) Parabolic d) Feed 180o apart
c) Loop
d) Log-Perodic
ARVIN
220.(Apr 1998) What is
meant by the term antenna
efficiency? a) Efficiency =
radiation
resistance/transmission
resistance x100%
b) Efficiency = total
resistance/radiation
resistance x100%
c) Efficiency = effective
radiated power/transmitter
output x100%
d) Efficiency = radiation
resistance/total resistance
x100%

221.The input current to a

well-designed Marconi
antenna is 10 Arms.
Determine the input power a)
3.7 kW
b) 370 kW
c) 73 kW
d) 37 kW

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