JEE–Stage 1 Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids

End of Chapter – Practice Questions

Hooke’s law and Young's Modulus
1. The length of an iron wire is L and area of cross-section is A. The increase in length is l on applying
the force F on its two ends. Which of the statement is correct
(a) Increase in length is inversely proportional to its length L
(b) Increase in length is proportional to area of cross-section A
(c) Increase in length is inversely proportional to A
(d) Increase in length is proportional to Young's modulus
Sol: Stress  Strain
l F
  Stress 
L A
1
l 
A
Ans: (c)
2. The increase in length is l for a wire of length L by the longitudinal stress. Then the stress is
proportional to
L l
(a) (b) (c) l  L (d) l 2  L
l L

l
Sol: Stress  Strain  Stress 
L
Ans: (b)
3. Young’s modulus of perfectly rigid body material is

(a) Zero (b) Infinity (c) 11010 N m2 (d) 10 1010 N m2

Sol: Zero
Ans: (a)

4. The diameter of a brass rod is 4 mm and Young's modulus of brass is 9 1010 N m2 .The force required

to stretch by 0.1% of its length is

(a) 360 N (b) 36 N (c) 144 103 N (d) 36 105 N

YAl 9 1010    4 106  0.1

Sol: F    360 N
L 100
Ans: (d)
5. The dimensions of four wires of the same material are given below. In which wire the increase in
length will be maximum when the same tension is applied
(a) Length 100cm, Diameter 1mm (b) Length 200cm, Diameter 2 mm

(c) Length 300cm, Diameter 3mm (d) Length 50cm, Diameter 0.5mm

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JEE–Stage 1 Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids

F L L L
Sol: Y  l  
A A A d2

L
l [As F and Y are constant]
d2
L
The ratio of is maximum for case (d)
d2
Ans: (d)
6. Steel and copper wires of same length are stretched by the same weight one after the other. Young's

modulus of steel and copper are 2 1011 N m2 and 1.2 1011 N m2 . The ratio of increase in length

2 3 5 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 5 4 2

FL l Y
Sol: l   S  cu ( F , L and Y are constant)
AY lcu YS

l 1.2 1011 3
 s  
lcu 2 1011 5

Ans: (b)

7. The Young's modulus of a wire of length L and radius r is Y N m2 . If the length and radius are

L r
reduced to and , then its Young's modulus will be
2 2
Y
(a) (b) Y (c) 2Y (d) 4Y
2
Sol: Young's modulus of wire does not varies with dimension of wire. It is the property of given
material.
Ans: (b)
8. If the length of a wire is reduced to half, then it can hold the ......... load
(a) Half (b) Same (c) Double (d) One fourth
Sol: Breaking force  Area of cross section of wire
i.e. load held by the wire does not depend upon the length of the wire.
Ans: (b)

9. In steel, the Young's modulus and the strain at the breaking point are 2 1011 Nm2 and 0.15

respectively. The stress at the breaking point for steel is therefore

(a) 1.33 1011 Nm2 (b) 1.33 1012 Nm2 (c) 7.5 1013 Nm2 (d) 3 1010 Nm2

Sol: Breaking stress  strain  Young's modulus

 0.15  2 1011  3 1010 Nm2

Ans: (d)

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JEE–Stage 1 Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids

10. A wire of length L and radius r is rigidly fixed at one end. On stretching the other end of the wire
with a force F , the increase in its length is l. If another wire of same material but of length 2L and
radius 2r is stretched with a force of 2 F , the increase in its length will be

l l
(a) l (b) 2l (c) (d)
2 4
FL FL FL
Sol: l   l  ( Y  constant)
AY  r 2Y r2
2 2
l F L r  1
 2  2  2  1   2 2   1
l1 F1 L1  r2  2

 l2  l1 i.e. increment in its length will be l.

Ans: (a)

Bulk Modulus

11. The compressibility of water is 4 105 per unit atmospheric pressure. The decrease in volume of 100
cubic centimeter of water under a pressure of 100atm will be

(a) 0.4cc (b) 4 105 cc (c) 0.025cc (d) 0.004cc

1 V /V
Sol: C    V  C  P  V
K P

 4 105 100 100  0.4cc

Ans: (a)
12. When a pressure of 100 atmosphere is applied on a spherical ball, then its volume reduces to 0.01% .

The bulk modulus of the material of the rubber in dyne cm2 is

(a) 10 1012 (b) 100 1012 (c) 11012 (d) 20 1012

P 100
Sol: K    106 atm  1011 N m2  1012 dyne cm2
V / V 0.01/100
Ans: (c)

13. The pressure of a medium is changed from 1.01105 Pa to 1.165 105 Pa and change in volume is 10%

keeping temperature constant. The Bulk modulus of the medium is

(a) 204.8 105 Pa (b) 102.4 105 Pa

(c) 51.2 105 Pa (d) 1.55 105 Pa

p 1.165  1.01 105 0.155 105

Sol: K     1.55 105 pa
V / V 10 /100 1/10
And: (d)

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14. The Poisson’s ratio for an incompressible material is

(a) 0.5 (b) 0.5 (c) 0.25 (d) 0.25
Sol: Volume is constant for an incompressible material
  0.5
Ans: (a)
15. A cube of aluminum of sides 0.1m is subjected to a shearing force of 100 N. The top face of the cube is

displaced through 0.02cm with respect to the bottom face. The shearing strain would be

(a) 0.02 (b) 0.1 (c) 0.005 (d) 0.002

x 0.02cm
Sol: Shearing strain   
L 10cm

   0.002

Ans: (d)

Work Done in Stretching a Wire

16. The work done in stretching an elastic wire per unit volume is
1
(a) Stress  Strain (b)  Stress  Strain
2
Stress
(c) 2  strain  stress (d)
Strain

1
Sol:  Stress  Strain
2
Ans: (b)

17. When a force is applied on a wire of uniform cross-sectional area 3 106 m2 and length 4 m, the

increase in length is 1mm. Energy stored in it will be Y  2 1011 Nm2  

(a) 6250 J (b) 0.177 J (c) 0.075J (d) 0.150 J

 
6 3 2
1 YAl 2 1 2 10  3 10  110
11
Sol: U      0.075 J
2 L 2 4
Ans: (c)

18. The work per unit volume to stretch the length by 1% of a wire with cross sectional area of 1mm2 will

be. Y  9 1011 Nm2 

 

(a) 9 1011 J (b) 4.5 107 J (c) 9 107 J (d) 4.5 1011 J
2
1 1  1 
Sol: U   Y  Strain    9 1011  
2
  4.5 10 J
7
2 2  100 
Ans: (b)
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JEE–Stage 1 Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids

19. Wires A and B are made from the same material. A has twice the diameter and three times the length
of B . If the elastic limits are not reached, when each is stretched by the same tension, the ratio of
energy stored in A to that in B is
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 3 : 4 (c) 3 : 2 (d) 6 :1

1 F 2L
Sol: U  Fl  .
2 2 AY
L
U ( F and Y are constant)
r2
2 2
U A  LA   rA  1 3
  
        
3 
U B  LB   rB   
2 4

Ans: (b)
20. A wire suspended vertically from one of its ends is stretched by attaching a weight of 200 N to the

lower end. The weight stretches the wire by 1mm . Then the elastic energy stored in the wire is

(a) 0.1J (b) 0.2 J (c) 10 J (d) 20 J

1 1
Sol: U   F  l   200 103  0.1 J
2 2
Ans: (a)

Pascal’s law and pressure due to liquid column

21. A piston of cross - sectional area 100cm2 is used in a hydraulic press to exert a force of 107 dyne on the

water. The cross –sectional are of the other piston which supports an object having a mass 2000 kg is:

 g  10 ms2 
(a) 100cm2 (b) 109 cm2 (c) 2 104 cm2 (d) 2 1010 cm2

F2 F1 F  2 109
Sol:   A2   2   A1  100  2 104 cm2
7
A2 A1  1
F 10

Ans: (c)
22. Two thin circular discs A and B of radii 2cm and 4cm in a liquid at the same depth. TA is the thrust on

A and TB on B . Then TA : TB is:

(a) 1: 4 (b) 4 :1 (c) 2 :1 (d) 1: 2

Sol: Thrust  pressure  area

but Area  r 2
2
T rA2 2 1
 A   
TB 2  4  4
rB

Ans: (a)
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23. The pressure at the bottom of a tank containing a liquid does not depend on
(a) Acceleration due to gravity (b) Height of the liquid column
(c) Area of the bottom surface (d) Nature of the liquid
Sol: P  h g i.e. pressure does not depend upon the area of bottom surface

Ans: (c)
24. When a large bubble rises from the bottom of a lake to the surface. Its radius doubles. If atmospheric
pressure is equal to that of column of water height H , then the depth of lake is
(a) H (b) 2H (c) 7H (d) 8H
4 3 4
1 1  P2V2   P0  h  g    r  P0    2r 
3
Sol: PV
3 3
Where, h  depth of lake

Hg
 h g  7 P0  h  7   7H .
g
Ans: (c)
25. The value of g at a place decreases by 2% . The barometric height of mercury
(a) Increases by 2% (b) Decreases by 2%
(c) Remains unchanged (d) Sometimes increases and sometimes decreases
P
Sol: h 
g

1
h ( P and  are constant)
g

If value of g decreased by 2% then h will increase by 2%

Ans: (a)
26. A cylindrical vessel containing a liquid is closed by a smooth piston of mass m . If A is the cross-
sectional area of the piston and P0 is the atmospheric pressure then the pressure of the liquid just

below the piston is:

m mg m
(a) p0 (b) p0  (c) (d) p0 
A A A
mg
Sol: PA  P0 A  mg or P  P0 
A
Ans: (b)

27. An inverted bell lying at the bottom of lake 47.6 m deep has 50 cm-3 of air trapped in it. The bell is
brought to the surface of the lake. The volume of the trapped air will be (atmospheric pressure  70 cm

of Hg and density of Hg  13.6g cm3

(a) 350 cm3 (b) 300 cm3 (c) 250cm3 (d) 22cm3

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Sol:  P0  hdg V0  P0V

 hdg 
 V  V0 1  
 HDg 

 4760  3
V  50 1    300cm
 70 13.6 
Ans: (b)

Archimedes Principle and Flotation

28. A body weighs 160 g in air and 130 g in water and 136 g in oil. The specific gravity of oil is:

(a) 0.8 (b) 1.6 (c) 1.3 (d) 3.2

Sol: Specific gravity of oil
Wair  Wliquid

Wair  Wwater

160  136
  0.8
160  130
Ans: (a)

29. A metallic block of density 5gm cm3 and having dimensions 5cm 5cm 5cm is weighed in water. Its

apparent weight will be

(a) 5  5  5  5 g (b) 4  4  4  4 g

(c) 5  4  4  4 g (d) 4  5  5  5 g

Sol: Apparent weight

 V      g  l  b  h   5  1  g

 5 5 5 4 g

Ans: (d)
30. The fraction of a floating object of volume V0 and density d 0 above the surface of a liquid of density d

will be
d0 dd0 d  d0 dd0
(a) (b) (c) (d)
d d  d0 d d  d0

d0
Sol: For the floatation V0 d0 g  Vin d g  Vin  V0
d

d0  d  d0 
 Vout  V0  Vin  V0  V0  V0  
d  d 

Vout d  d0
 
V0 d

Ans: (c)

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31. Two pieces of metal when immersed in a liquid have equal upthrust on them; then
(a) Both pieces must have equal weights
(b) Both pieces must have equal densities
(c) Both pieces must have equal volumes
(d) Both are floating to the same depth

Sol: Since, up thrust  F   V  g i.e. F  V

Ans: (c)

Equation of Continuity, Bernoulli's Theorem, Velocity of Efflux and Reynolds number

32. Water is flowing in a pipe of diameter 4cm with a velocity 3ms1 . The water then enters into a tube of

diameter 2cm . The velocity of water in the other pipe is

(a) 3ms1 (b) 6 ms1 (c) 12 ms1 (d) 8ms1

2
v a1  r1 
Sol: a1v1  a2 v2  2   
v1 a2  r2 

 v2  3   2   12 ms1
2

Ans: (c)

33. The cylindrical tube of spray pump has a cross-section of 8cm2 , one end of which has 40 fine holes

each of area 108 m2 . If the liquid flows inside the tube with a speed of 0.15m min 1, the speed with

which the liquid is ejected through the holes is:

(a) 50 ms1 (b) 5ms1 (c) 0.05ms1 (d) 0.5ms1

    0.15 
Sol: A1v1  A2v2  40 108 v  8 104  
 60 

v  5ms1

Ans: (b)

34. Water from tap emerges vertically downwards with an initial speed of 1.0 ms1. The cross –

sectional are of the tap is 104 m2 . Assume that the pressure is constant throughout the stream of water

and that the flow is steady. The cross – sectional are of the stream 0.15m below the tap is:

 g  10 ms2 
(a) 5.0 104 m2 (b) 1.0 105 m2 (c) 5.0 105 m2 (d) 2.0 105 m2

Sol: Velocity of stream at 0.15m below the tap

v2  u 2  2 gh  1  2 10  0.15  4  v  2 ms1

2

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From equation of continuity A1v1  A2v2

v  1
 A2  A1  1   104    5 105 m2
 2
v 2

Ans: (c)
35. Fire is caught at height of 125m from the fire brigade. To extinguish the fire, water is coming out from

the pipe of cross – section 6.4cm with rate 950litre min 1 . Find out minimum velocity of water exiting

from fire brigade tank g  10 ms2 

(a) 5ms1 (b) 10 ms1 (c) 25ms1 (d) 50 ms1

Sol: Rate of flow  Av  same everywhere in pipe

970 103 m3 1
v   v  5ms1
60s

 3.2 10 
2 2

Ans: (a)
36. Water flows through a frictionless duct with a cross – section varying as shown in figure. Pressure p at

points along the axis is represented by :

P P

(a) (b)

x x

P P

(c) (d)

x x

Sol: P

x
Ans: (a)
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37. The total area of wings of an aeroplane is 10m2 . The speed of air above and below the wing is 140 ms1

and 110 ms1. Then the force on the aeroplane by air is :

(a) 48750 N (b) 48000 N (c) 95000 N (d) 50000 N

Sol: From P1  P2 
1
2

 v22  v12 
1
F  1.3 10 140   110  
2 2
2  
F  48750 N

Ans: (a)

38. The pressure of water in a water pipe when the tap is closed and open are respectively 3.5 105 Nm2

and 3 105 Nm2 . The velocity of water flowing through the pipe when the tap is open is:

(a) 10 ms1 (b) 5ms1 (c) 8ms1 (d) 9 ms1

Sol: From Bernoulli’s theorem

1 1
P1   v12  P2   v22
2 2
1
 3.5 105  0  3 105  103 v22
2

 v2 
 0.5 105   2  10 m s1
103
Ans: (a)
39. Water is flowing through a horizontal pipe of varying cross-section. If the pressure of water equals

2cm of mercury, where the velocity of the flow is 35cms1 , what is the pressure at another point,

where the velocity of flow is 65 cms1 ?  g  980cms2 

(a) 1.02cm of Hg (b) 1.88cm of Hg

(c) 2.42cm of Hg (d) 1.45cm of Hg

Sol: From Bernoulli’s theorem

1 1
P1   v12  P2   v22
2 2

P2  p1 
1
2

 v12  v22 
1
 2   Hg g  1  35   65 
2 2
2  
h Hg g  2   Hg g  1500

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JEE–Stage 1 Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids

1500
h  2  1.88cm
13.6  980
Ans: (b)
40. In a vessel of water a hole is made at a depth of 3.5m from the free surface. The velocity of efflux will

be:

(a) 8.4 ms1 (b) 84 ms 1 (c) 8.4cms1 (d) 84cms1

Sol: v  2 gh  2  9.8  3.5  8.4ms1

Ans: (a)

41. A cylinder of height 20 m is completely filled with water. The velocity of efflux of water (in ms1 )

through a small hole on the side wall of the cylinder near its bottom is: g  10 ms2  
(a) 10 (b) 20 (c) 25.5 (d) 5

Sol: v  2 gh  2 10  20  20ms1

Ans: (b)
42. A large open tank has two holes in the wall. One is a square hole of side L at a depth y from the top

and the other is a circular hole of radius R at a depth 4 y from the top. When the tank is completely

filled with water, the quantities of water flowing out per second from both holes are the same. Then R,
is equal to:
L L
(a) (b) 2 L (c) L (d)
2 2

Sol: A1v1  A2v2

 L2  2 gv   R2 2 g 4 y

L
R
2
Ans: (a)
43. A cylindrical tank is filled with water to a level of 3m. A hole is opened at a height of 52.5cm from

bottom. The ratio of the area of the hole to that of cross–sectional area of the cylinder is 0.1. Find the

square of the velocity with which water is coming out. g  10 ms2  

(a) 50 m2 s2 (b) 40 m2 s2 (c) 51.5m2 s2 (d) 50.5m2 s2

Sol: Let velocity with which level decreases is v1 and velocity of efflux is v2 then

From equation of continuity Av1  av2

a
 v1  v2
A
From Bernoulli’s Theorem
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1 1
P   v12   gh  P  0   v22
2 2
2 gh 2 gh
v22  
2 2
v  a
1  1  1  
 v2   A

2 10   3  0.525
  50 m2 s2
1   0.1
2

Ans: (a)
44. A hole is in the bottom of the tank having water. If total pressure at the bottom is 3atm

1atm  105 Nm2  , then velocity of water flowing from hole is:  g  10 ms2 
(a) 400 ms1 (b) 600 ms1 (c) 60 ms1 (d) none of these

Sol: Pressure at bottom  p0  h w g  3P0

 h 103 10  2 105  h  20m

Velocity of efflux  2 gh  2 10  20  400 ms1

Ans: (a)
45. In which one of the following cases will the liquid flow in a pipe be most streamlined
(a) Liquid of high viscosity and high density flowing through a pipe of small radius
(b) Liquid of high viscosity and low density flowing through a pipe of small radius
(c) Liquid of low viscosity and low density flowing through a pipe of large radius
(d) Liquid of low viscosity and high density flowing through a pipe of large radius
r
Sol: For streamline flow, Reynold's number N R  should be less. For less value of N R , radius and

density should be small and viscosity should be high
Ans: (b)

Viscosity, Stoke's Law, Terminal velocity, Surface Tension and Capillarity

46. A metal plate of area 103 cm2 rests on a layer of oil 6 mm thick. A tangential force of 102 N is applied

on it to move it with a constant velocity of 6 cms1. The coefficient of viscosity of the liquid is:

(a) 0.1poise (b) 0.5poise (c) 0.7 poise (d) 0.9 poise

Avx F v
Sol: Viscous force F    
y Avx

102 105  6 101

  0.1poise
103  6
Ans: (a)
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JEE–Stage 1 Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids

47. A layer of glycerine of thickness 1mm is present between a large surface area and a surface area of

0.1m2 . With what force the small surface is to be pulled, so that it can move with a velocity of 1ms1 ?

(Given that coefficient of viscosity  0.07 kg m1s1 )

(a) 70 N (b) 7 N (c) 700 N (d) 0.70 N

vx 0.11
Sol: F   A  0.07   7N
y 103
Ans: (b)
48. The spherical shape of rain-drop is due to
(a) Density of the liquid (b) Surface tension
(c) Atmospheric pressure (d) Gravity
Sol: Surface tension
Ans: (b)
49. The spiders and insects move and run about on the surface of water without sinking because
(a) Elastic membrane is formed on water due to property of surface tension
(b) Spiders and insects are lighter
(c) Spiders and insects swim on water
(d) Spider and insects experience upthrust
Sol: Elastic membrane is formed on water due to property of surface tension
Ans: (a)
50. Small droplets of a liquid are usually more spherical in shape than larger drops of the same liquid
because
(a) Force of surface tension is equal and opposite to the force of gravity
(b) Force of surface tension predominates the force of gravity
(c) Force of gravity predominates the force of surface tension
(d) Force of gravity and force of surface tension act in the same direction and are equal
Sol: Force of surface tension predominates the force of gravity
Ans: (b)
51. If a small sphere is let fall vertically in a large quantity of a still liquid of density smaller than that of
the material of the sphere:
(a) at first its velocity increases, but soon approaches a constant value
(b) it falls with constant velocity all along from the very beginning
(c) at first it falls with constant velocity which after some time goes on decreasing
(d) noting can be said about its motion
Sol: at first its velocity increases, but soon approaches a constant value
Ans: (a)

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JEE–Stage 1 Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids

52. The ball of mass m and radius r is released in viscous liquid. The value of its terminal velocity is
proportional to:
1/2
1 m m
(a)   only (b) (c)   (d) m only
r r r
m
Sol: m  r 3   r2
r
m
vT  r 2 
r
Ans: (b)

53. If the terminal speed of a sphere of gold (density  19.5gmcc1 ) is 0.2 ms1 in a viscous liquid (density

 1.5gmcc1 ) find the terminal speed of sphere of silver (density  10.5gmcc1 ) of the same size in the

same liquid

(a) 0.1ms1 (b) 0.2 ms1 (c) 0.4 ms1 (d) 0.133ms1

2r
2
  g
Sol: Terminal velocity vT   vT      
9 

vT 10.5  1.5 9 1
    vT  0.1ms 1
0.2 19.5  1.5 18 2

Ans: (a)
54. Two sphere of equal masses but radii r1 and r2 are allowed to fall in a liquid of infinite column. Then

ratio of their terminal velocities are

(a) 1 (b) r1 : r2 (c) r2 : r1 (d) r12 : r22

m 1
Sol: v  r 2  v 
r r
Ans: (c)
55. The amount of work done in increasing the size of a soap film 10  6cm to 10 10cm is:

 S.T .  30 103 Nm1 

(a) 2.4 102 J (b) 1.2 102 J (c) 2.4 104 J (d) 1.2 104 J

Sol: W  T  2A  30 103  2 10 10  10  6  104  2.4 104 J

Ans: (d)


56. The amount of work done in forming a soap bubble S.T .  30 103 Nm1 of radius 5cm is: 
(a) 1.88 103 J (b) 1.88 101 J (c) 1.88 101 J (d) 1.88  103 J

 
2
Sol: W  8 R2T  8  3.14  5 102  30 103  1.88 103 J

Ans: (a)
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JEE–Stage 1 Mechanical Properties of Solids and Fluids

57. Find the difference of air pressure between the inside and outside of a soap bubble 5mm in diameter if

surface tension is 1.6 Nm1

(a) 2560 Nm2 (b) 3720 Nm2 (c) 1208 Nm2 (d) 10132 Nm2

4T 4 1.6
Sol: Pex    2560 Nm2
R 5 3
  10
2
Ans: (a)
58. The excess of pressure inside the first soap bubble is three times that inside the second bubble. The
ratio of volume of the first to that of the second bubble is :
(a) 1: 3 (b) 1: 9 (c) 1: 27 (d) 9 :1

1 r1  Pex 2 1
Sol: Pex    
r r2  Pex 1 3

3
3
V1  r1   1  1
    
V2  r2   3  27

Ans: (c)
59. A very narrow capillary tube records a rise of 20cm when dipped in water. When the area of cross –

section is reduced to one – fourth of the former value, water will rise to a height of:
(a) 10cm (b) 20cm (c) 40cm (d) 80cm

1
Sol: h 
r

r 
 h2   1  h1
 r2 

 r 
 h2     20cm  40cm
r /2
Ans: (c)
60. The mass of water that rises in capillary tube of radius R is M . The mass of water that rises in tube of
radius 2R is:
M
(a) M (b) (c) 2M (d) 4M
2

Sol: M  volume  density   r 2 h but rh  constant

M r

M 2  2R 
  
M1  R 

 M 2  2M

Ans: (c)
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