Simuworks Manual

Users Guide
Attainable Wastewater Treatment Simulation
Hydromantis, Inc.
Consulting Engineers
Copyright © 2005 Hydromantis, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Printing Date: January, 2005

Table of Contents
Table of Contents ............................................................................................. i

About This Guide............................................................................................ v
Contents ......................................................................................................................... vi
Assumption.................................................................................................................... vi
Guide Conventions ........................................................................................................ vi
Introducing SimuWorks................................................................................. 1
About SimuWorks .......................................................................................................... 2
Model Limitations ................................................................................................. 2
SimuWorks Scope .......................................................................................................... 2
Installing SimuWorks..................................................................................... 3
System Requirements ..................................................................................................... 3
SimuWorks Installation .................................................................................................. 4
Getting Started ................................................................................................ 5
User Interface.................................................................................................................. 5
Title Bar ................................................................................................................. 6
Menu Bar ............................................................................................................... 7
i
SimuWorks User’s Guide
Toolbar...................................................................................................................7
Unit Process Toolbar..............................................................................................7
Drawing Board.......................................................................................................8
Setup Options..................................................................................................................8
Drawing a Layout ...........................................................................................................9
Drawing Board Labels ...........................................................................................9
Unit Process Parameters..................................................................................................9
Labels...................................................................................................................10
Physical ................................................................................................................10
Operational...........................................................................................................10
Notes ....................................................................................................................10
Model Data....................................................................................................................11
Model Parameters ................................................................................................11
Temperature .........................................................................................................11
Simulation With SimuWorks ........................................................................................12
Outputs..........................................................................................................................12
Reports ..........................................................................................................................13
Tutorials......................................................................................................... 15
Introduction...................................................................................................................15
Tutorial 1: Basic Simulation ....................................................................... 17
Creating a Simple Layout .............................................................................................17
Creating Outputs ...........................................................................................................23
Running a Simulation....................................................................................................26
Tutorial 2: Data Input and Output ............................................................ 29
Adding Measured Data to a Graph................................................................................29
Adding Operational Data ..............................................................................................31
Exporting Data for Post-Processing ..............................................................................34
Creating a Simulation Report........................................................................................34
Tutorial 3: Influent Characterisation & Data........................................... 36
Understanding Influent Characterisation ......................................................................36
Influent Data Files.........................................................................................................37
How To…....................................................................................................... 41
Change Keycodes..........................................................................................................41
Change Keycode ..................................................................................................41
Manage Files.................................................................................................................42
Start a New File....................................................................................................42
Open.....................................................................................................................42
Save......................................................................................................................42
Save As ................................................................................................................42
Manage Drawing Board Objects ...................................................................................43
Selecting Objects..................................................................................................43
Cut........................................................................................................................44
Copy.....................................................................................................................44
Paste .....................................................................................................................45
ii
Table Of Contents
Delete................................................................................................................... 45
Move Layout Objects........................................................................................... 46
Connect Objects – Drawing the Flow Stream...................................................... 46
Delete Connections .............................................................................................. 47
Manage the Drawing Board Display............................................................................. 47
Display the Drawing Board Grid ......................................................................... 47
Display the Unit Process Labels .......................................................................... 47
Display the Unit Process Connection Points........................................................ 48
View Different Areas of the Drawing Board ....................................................... 48
Edit Parameters............................................................................................................. 48
Edit Influent Wastewater Characteristics............................................................. 48
Edit Unit Process Parameters............................................................................... 49
Edit Global Modelling Parameters....................................................................... 49
Edit Simulation Initial Conditions ....................................................................... 49
Create Data Files........................................................................................................... 50
Influent Data Files ............................................................................................... 50
Time-Varying Operational Parameters Data Files ............................................... 50
Measured Data Files ............................................................................................ 51
Manage Outputs and Output Tabs ................................................................................ 52
Create a New X-Y Graph..................................................................................... 52
Create a New Table or Bar Chart......................................................................... 53
Add a New Output Tab........................................................................................ 53
Change the Name of an Output Tab..................................................................... 53
Delete an Output Tab........................................................................................... 54
Reorder Outputs................................................................................................... 54
Move Outputs ...................................................................................................... 54
Change an Output’s Details ................................................................................. 54
Export Data for Post Processing .......................................................................... 55
Generate Report ............................................................................................................ 56
Generate Report ................................................................................................... 56
Export to GPS-X........................................................................................................... 56
Export Layout ...................................................................................................... 56
Edit a Basic Dialog ....................................................................................................... 56
Accept Edits to a Dialog ...................................................................................... 56
Cancel Edits to a Dialog ...................................................................................... 56
Change Units ................................................................................................................ 57
Locally on Individual Parameters ........................................................................ 57
Globally on all Parameters................................................................................... 57
Change Parameter Display Options .............................................................................. 57
Significant Figures............................................................................................... 57
iii
About This Guide
This user’s guide describes how to use the most popular features of SimuWorks, the
newest wastewater treatment simulation tool from Hydromantis Inc.
This section provides an overview of the organisation and conventions used in the
guide.
v
SimuWorks User’s Guide
Contents
This guide provides an overview of SimuWorks and details several popular features.
The guide is organised in five sections:
Section I: Introducing SimuWorks – This section introduces SimuWorks and

outlines background on its history.
Section II: Installing SimuWorks – This section provides step-by-step software

installation instructions.
Section III: Getting Started – This section introduces the user interface and gives
an overview of the main features of the program.
Section IV: Tutorials – The section is subdivided into 3 tutorials that are organised
as step-by-step guides to the features and use of SimuWorks.
Section V: How To… – This section is a guide to the use of SimuWorks features
and is organised as a series of step-wise procedures.
Assumption
This guide assumes that you are familiar with the version of Windows you are using.
If you are not familiar with the Windows’ terms such as ‘click’, ‘drag’, ‘menu’, or
‘checkbox’, refer to your Windows’ documentation.
Guide Conventions
For readability, several images are used in the margins to identify and accentuate key
text. The images and their use are:
Idea – This image is used to identify an important piece of text or

the solution to a frequently asked question.
Tip – This image is used to identify a software tip, shortcut or

feature.
vi
Introducing SimuWorks
Accurate and rapid simulation of wastewater treatment systems is a worldwide

priority. Spreadsheet models are commonly used to provide planning or design level
estimates of a wastewater treatment system performance, but these models are
relatively inflexible and time consuming to modify.
SimuWorks has been designed to give public and private planners, operators and
process specialists the ability to quickly evaluate the performance of a wastewater
treatment system. The software simulates both the steady state and dynamic
behaviour of each unit process based on the influent to the process. This gives the
user the option to simulate the average or the dynamic process behaviour. Typical
defaults have been used for each unit process model to increase the acceptability of
the generated results, but users are free to change the parameters as desired in an
effort to calibrate a given model. The software architecture has been designed
specifically with the user in mind. Its ease-of-use should make it the industry
standard for cost-effective simulation of uncomplicated wastewater treatment
systems including new facilities or the upgrade to existing facilities.
2 SimuWorks User’s Guide
About SimuWorks
Many dynamic process models have been included in SimuWorks including
equalisation, clarification and aeration. But, the backbone of this new simulator is its
new biological process model that includes carbon, 2-step nitrification,
denitrification and biological phosphorus removal. This new model developed
specifically for SimuWorks represents the state-of-the-art in dynamic wastewater
treatment process models.
Model Limitations
Although every attempt has been made to incorporate model features known to exist
in wastewater treatment systems, the user is cautioned about the limitations of
generalised modelling approaches. Necessity dictates that any generalised modelling
approach must include simplifying assumptions. Items such as engineering
judgment, equipment design limitations, site limitations among others things all enter
into the predictive power of the final model. The philosophy of SimuWorks is to
approach each of these problems in a sound fashion. During development of
SimuWorks, various models were reviewed and an attempt was made, where a
choice existed, to include the best possible model for each unit process.
SimuWorks Scope
A distinction should be made between the process models and SimuWorks, the
software package. Although based on a series of process models, the major
emphasis with SimuWorks has been to develop a user-friendly interface that gives
users the ability to link different mathematical models together. By linking the
models together, users can create a wastewater treatment model that incorporates the
unit processes from headworks to discharge. Further, SimuWorks is an enhancement
of previous dynamic simulators as Hydromantis has added a number of new models
and capabilities not commonly found in process simulators on the market today.
SimuWorks is a process prediction tool that formulates those predictions based on

user-supplied data, but it should be made clear that SimuWorks is not a mathematical
optimisation tool; therefore, will not provide the "mathematically optimal" solution
to an infinite universe of possibilities. Rather, SimuWorks is a tool that can be used
to clarify an existing situation, or test a possible alternative as designed by the user.
SimuWorks is a simplified dynamic process simulation tool aimed at providing fast

simulation solutions to those individuals with typical activated sludge questions. For
those users that require more complicated solutions, Hydromantis, Inc. has
developed other process simulation software (GPS-X™) that can be customised to
the user’s specific needs.
Installing SimuWorks
System Requirements
SimuWorks requires the following hardware and software as a minimum for
acceptable performance:
• 733 MHz Pentium Processor

• 256Mb RAM
• 150Mb of free hard disk space for installation
• SVGA (800 x 600, 256 colour) graphics card
• CD ROM drive
• Windows 98, 2000, Me, NT 4.0, XP
It is recommended that the program be used on a computer with the following:
• 2.4 GHz Pentium Processor (or equivalent)

• 512Mb RAM
• 150Mb of free hard disk space for installation
• SVGA (1280 x 1024, 64K colour) graphics card
• 17” Monitor
• CD ROM drive
• Windows 98, 2000, Me, NT 4.0, XP
SimuWorks Installation
SimuWorks must be installed using the provided installation program. A hardlock
protection device is provided and is required to use all the features of the software.
The SimuWorks CD contains a program called Install.exe that is located in the root
directory. When the CD is placed in the drive the install screen will be displayed.
Note: If the install screen does not automatically appear, browse the CD and
run the program called Install.exe.
Once the installation has started you will be prompted for various pieces of
information including the SimuWorks version you would like to install, your name,
company name and keycode. After selecting an appropriate location for the program
and associated icons, the installation will take a few minutes to complete.
SimuWorks is now installed and ready for use.

Getting Started
To start SimuWorks: Click the ‘Start’ button, click ‘Programs’, click the
‘Hydromantis SimuWorks’ program group, and select SimuWorks. Note that
SimuWorks will start in demonstration mode unless an appropriate hardlock
protection device is connected to the parallel or USB port on your computer.
User Interface
When SimuWorks is first launched, the user will see the Main Window.
The Main Window consists of the following key components:
• Title Bar
• Menu Bar
• Main Toolbar
• Unit Process Toolbar
• Drawing Board with Interface Tabs
• Information Toolbar
• Simulation Control Toolbar
Title Bar Menu Bar

Toolbar
Window Control
Process
Toolbar
Drawing Board
Simulation Control Area Information Toolbar
Like other Windows programs, the SimuWorks window can be maximised,

minimised or manually resized using the Windows border.
Title Bar
The Title Bar can be used to move the position of the Main Window on the screen.
The title bar also contains the name of the program (i.e. SimuWorks) and the file
name of the file you are working on. An asterisk to the right of the file name
indicates that a layout change has been detected and the current file should be saved
to ensure no loss of information.
Getting Started 7
Menu Bar
The Menu Bar contains the following menus:
Detailed descriptions of the commands found in these menus appear throughout this
manual.
Toolbar
The Toolbar contains a number of common Windows shortcut buttons including
‘new’, ‘open’, ‘save’ ….
Unit Process Toolbar

All of the unit processes included in SimuWorks can
be found on the various process group panes of the
Unit Process Toolbar. The title of the displayed pane
appears above the unit process icons on the pane slat.
Clicking on the appropriate slat accesses the different
unit process groups.
This toolbar can be removed from view, if required,

by unchecking the ‘Unit Process Toolbar’ menu item
in the View>Toolbars menu or by clicking on the ‘x’
in the top-right corner of the toolbar.
7
Drawing Board
The Drawing Board is where the user ‘draws’ a schematic of the plant layout and
process flow.
Setup Options
The SimuWorks user interface
provides the user with the
ability to change several global
setup and layout-specific
options.
These changes are made in 2

different places depending on if
they are global (default units,
significant figures default
directory) or layout-specific (communication interval, number of cached data points).
Global option changes are made in the Preferences dialog accessed from the Options
menu. The global setup options are used to customise the display of variables. These
global options include the specification of units used, the number of significant
figures used and the default directory. Variables can be displayed with U.S. Units, or
SI Units. SimuWorks includes a unit conversion algorithm that automatically
corrects displayed values if the units are changed.
In addition to being able to change the units globally, SimuWorks allows the user to
change units of individual values if necessary. Right (or Left) -clicking directly on
the units of a variable will bring up a list of alternatives. The user can then select the
preferred units from the list.
Layout-specific items are

changed in the Simulation Setup
dialog accessed through the
Input menu. These include the
communication interval for
dynamic simulations and the
number of data points saved
during a dynamic simulation.
Getting Started 9
Drawing a Layout
The drawing board forms the basis for the design of the system flow scheme. Unit
process objects are dragged from the Unit Process Toolbar to the drawing board with
the mouse. The objects are linked via virtual pipes to signal the flow of the liquid
and/or solid streams (see the ‘How To…’ chapter of this manual for more detailed
information on drawing a flow scheme and connecting objects).
Drawing Board Labels

Each unit process depicted on the drawing board has an associated process label and
one or more connection points. These display items can be turned ‘on’ or ‘off’
depending on the user’s preference by clicking on the appropriate menu items in the
View>Layout menu. To change the label for a particular object, double-click on the
object or left-click on the object and select ‘Edit’ from the Information Toolbar or
right-click on the object and select ‘Edit Parameters’ from the menu.
Process Labels Active Process Connection Points Active

No Labels
Unit Process Parameters

Each unit process has a number of associated parameters that have an impact on the
underlying dynamic model. As it is not the purpose at this stage of this guide to
discuss all the unit process models in SimuWorks, a simplified discussion is used to
illustrate the parameter structure.
In general, the unit process parameters, which can be found in the unit process dialog
(see the ‘How To…’ chapter of this manual for the procedure used to access this
9
dialog), can be subdivided into four categories [note that not all the unit processes
have all categories]:
• Labels
• Physical
• Operational
• Notes
Labels
The labels tab allows the user to enter unique stream identifiers for process streams
on the drawing board. This feature makes it easier for the user to identify streams
when creating outputs or analysing data on outputs.
Physical
The physical tab is used for entering the physical characteristics of the particular unit
process such as the unit’s depth, surface area and/or volume. For unit processes with
pumps such as clarifiers and equalisation tanks, the user will specify the flow rates
on the physical tab.
Operational
The operational tab is used
to enter data related to the
operation of the unit process
and the underlying model.
For the CSTR and
Equalisation Tank, this tab
is called ‘Aeration’ and is
where the user will enter the
characteristics of the
aeration system in the tank.
For clarifiers, this tab is used
to specify the type of model
to be used (i.e. mechanistic
or empirical).
Notes
The notes tab is the final tab in each process dialog. This tab can be used to type
layout specific notes about specific objects. For instance it may be advantageous to
type notes about a CSTRs aeration system or assumptions made about a clarifier.
This tab contains a simple text editor so any text entries are valid. Information
entered here has no impact on the dynamic simulation results.
Getting Started 11
Model Data
Note: To effectively use SimuWorks, the user should understand the basics of
mathematical modelling and the impact of modelling parameters.
SimuWorks assumes that all bioreactors behave in a similar way. It is
believed that this simplification will introduce little or no error in its
predictive power, but users that require different models in different
bioreactors or different parameters in different bioreactors should
consider obtaining a copy of GPS-X, which is Hydromantis, Inc.’s other
wastewater treatment simulation tool.
Model Parameters
The biological model in
SimuWorks requires a
number of parameters. Some
users may find it necessary to
change these parameters
during the course of a
modelling project in order to
achieve a better fit between
measured and modelled
results. The model
parameters dialog can be
accessed by selecting Model
Parameters from the Input
menu.
This dialog gives the user

access to all stoichiometric
and kinetic parameters in the
model as well as the
temperature-activity
coefficients.
Temperature
Biological reactions are subject to temperature effects. As such, a temperature
model has been included in SimuWorks so that seasonal impacts (due of temperature
changes) can be simulated. Users can enter a constant temperature so that the entire
simulation will be carried out at a
single specified temperature or
users can choose to vary
temperature with time.
11
Simulation With SimuWorks

Once the flow schematic is drawn and the appropriate unit process data have been
entered, a simulation can be run using the simulation control features located at the
bottom of the SimuWorks window.
The buttons have the following functions:

• The first button is used if only steady state simulations are required.
The simulation will find the steady state solution and then stop.
• The second button is used when a dynamic simulation is to be run.
This button signals the simulator to find a steady state solution and
then to continue from that steady state until the ‘Stop at:’ time is
reached.
• The final buttons are used to ‘Pause’ or ‘Stop’ the
simulation during a dynamic simulation. By
default the simulation will pause when it reaches the ‘Stop at:’ time. Users
can continue by increasing the ‘Stop at:’ time and clicking on the pause
button so that it is no longer depressed.
• User can change the ‘Stop at:’ time during a simulation by simply changing
the time and then pressing the Enter key on the keyboard.
Next to the buttons are an indicator panel and a progress bar. During a simulation,
the indicator panel will blink indicating that a simulation is in progress. Similarly,
the progress bar will be coloured in as the simulation progresses as an indicator of
the per cent complete based on the entered ‘Stop at:’ time.
Outputs
The model outputs can be viewed in graphs, tables or bar
charts. These outputs can be created by clicking on the
Outputs tab located above the drawing board. A one-step simple wizard-like
operation is used to create and edit the outputs. This wizard gives the user easy
access to all the model variables so that users can easily add, and delete variables
from the outputs they have created.
Getting Started 13
Legend
Reports
SimuWorks has an advanced report functionality that allows users to print out a
detailed report of their simulation findings. Created through the File>Generate
Report menu option, the rich text formatted (*.rtf) file that is created is word
processor ready. Each report contains a number of sections as specified by the user
including a table of contents, a picture of the layout, model parameters, user inputs
and if a dynamic simulation has been performed, pictures of the outputs. Further,
any notes entered by the user are also incorporated in to the appendices for easy
access to all the information about the layout and the simulation.
13
Tutorials
Introduction
SimuWorks has many unique features that make it a powerful tool for the simulation
of wastewater treatment facilities. As you become acquainted with SimuWorks, you
will quickly see ways it can be used to make your engineering tasks more productive.
This Tutorial chapter is intended for first-time users of SimuWorks and is meant to
introduce the user to many of the features and procedures used in SimuWorks. To
best understand the material in these tutorials, you should have a background in the
fundamentals of wastewater treatment including the unit processes and typical
wastewater treatment facility modelling.
This chapter is divided into 3 tutorials that cover various aspects and features of
SimuWorks.
Tutorial 1: Basic Simulation
Tutorial 2: Data Input and Output
Tutorial 3: Influent Characterisation and Data
As with the rest of this guide, it is assumed that you have a working knowledge of
your computer’s operating system and that SimuWorks is properly installed on your
computer.
Tutorials 17
Tutorial 1:
Basic Simulation
This tutorial covers the following topics:
1. Using the drawing board to draw a process flow schematic

2. Setting up outputs
3. Running a simulation
Creating a Simple Layout

After starting SimuWorks, display the drawing board
grid (if not already displayed).
1. Access the Layout Menu by left-clicking on ‘View’ on the Menu Bar.
2. Choose ‘Grid Lines’. The drawing board grid will be displayed on the active
sheet.
17
Alternatively:
1. Access the drawing board edit menu by right-clicking on white space anywhere
on the drawing board.
2. Choose ‘Show grid lines’ from the displayed items. The drawing board grid will
be displayed on the active sheet.
The next step is to drag-and-drop the required unit processes from the Unit Process
Toolbar to the drawing board. To place an influent object on the drawing board:
3. Ensure that the Unit Process Toolbar is
visible
• if not, select the ‘Unit Process
Toolbar’ menu item in the Pane Slat
View>Toolbars drop-down menu to
display the toolbar on the left side of
the drawing board.
The Unit Process Toolbar has a number of

Toolbar Panes that group the unit processes
into functional categories. The name of the
functional group is displayed on the Pane
Slat. Clicking on the Pane Slat will reveal
the unit processes included in that grouping.
Tool Bar
Pane
4. Click on the ‘Unit Processes’ Pane Slat
to reveal the unit processes.
5. Click and drag the ‘Influent’ process icon from the Unit Process Toolbar to the
drawing board.
Tutorials 19
Follow a similar procedure for a ‘Primary Clarifier’ object, a 2-way Combiner, a

‘Completely Stirred Tank Reactor’ object, a ‘Secondary Clarifier’ object and a
‘Pumped Splitter’.
After each of the objects has been placed on the drawing board, the objects must be
connected to define the flow stream.
6. Place the cursor over the connection point of the influent arrow. The cursor
will change to a white block arrow.
7. With the cursor as a white block arrow, click and drag a pipe to the inlet
connection point of the primary clarifier object. Once the cursor turns to a green
block arrow, release the mouse button. A connection pipe will be drawn.
19
Note: If placed at an appropriate connection point, the white arrow will turn
green to signify a suitable connection point. If an unacceptable
connection is attempted, the cursor will turn into a red icon.
Note: If a mistake is made in the process of drawing connection pipes and/or

objects on the drawing board, the incorrect items can be deleted by
accessing the object’s edit menu.
i) Right-click on the object to
bring up the object’s edit menu.
ii) Select ‘Delete’ to remove the
object itself, or
iii) Select ‘Delete <pipe name>
Connection’ to remove the
appropriate pipe.
Follow a similar procedure and

draw connection pipes for each
of the unit processes on the
drawing board. A completed
layout will have each object
connected to one or more other
objects.
With the process streams drawn,

the next step is to specify the
particulars of the unit processes.
In this example a few things will
be changed from the defaults to
illustrate the editing procedure.
8. Right-click on the influent

object to bring up the
influent object’s edit menu.
9. Select ‘Edit Parameters’
from the listed items.
This will display the Influent

Wastewater dialog that contains
several entry fields for entering
the characteristics of the influent
wastewater. Browse through the
tabs to investigate the purpose of the tabs. You will notice that the ‘Tree’ tabs
Tutorials 21
contain schematic drawings of the different influent component relationships. Note

that if you change an entry on the States or Fractions tab, the ‘trees’ and resulting
characterisation are automatically updated. In this example we will change only the
intraday flow.
10. On the Labels tab, select ‘Use model-based variation’ which will activate the
intraday options
11. Select ‘Sinusoidal variation’, change the Phase Shift to 0.0 and set the
Amplitude Multiplier to 0.5.
12. Click ‘Accept’.
13. Right-click on the primary clarifier object to bring up the clarifier object’s edit
menu.
14. Select ‘Edit Parameters’ from the listed items.
15. Click on the ‘Physical’ tab, and change the volume to 170m3 and the Underflow
– ‘Constant flow’ to 40m3.
16. Next, access the ‘Operational’ tab
and confirm that Empirical
Settling is selected and the Solids
removal is 60%.
18. Right-click on the CSTR object to
bring up the object’s edit menu.
19. Select ‘Edit Parameters’ from the
listed items.
20. Click on the ‘Physical’ tab, and
change the volume to 700m3.
21. Next, access the ‘Aeration’ tab
and confirm that ‘DO setpoint’ is
selected and set to 2.0 mg/L.
21
23. Right-click on the Secondary

clarifier object to bring up the
object’s edit menu.
24. Select ‘Edit Parameters’ from the
listed items.
25. Click on the ‘Physical’ tab, and
change the volume to 300m3 and
change the Underflow – ‘Constant
flow’ to 1000m3/d.
26. Next, access the ‘Operational’ tab
and select Modelled Settling.
We must also set an appropriate wastage

rate to achieve a reasonable sludge age.
28. Access the Pumped Splitter’s

Parameters dialog.
29. Click on the ‘Operational’ tab and set
the Pump Rate – ‘Constant’ to
20.0m3/d.
Your layout is now setup

Tutorials 23
30. Select ‘Save As’ from the File menu and save the layout with an appropriate
name and in a location of your choice.
Creating Outputs
With the layout completed, it is time to setup some outputs to view the model results.
31. Locate the Layout/Outputs/Notes tabs in the top right

of the drawing board and select the ‘Outputs’ tab.
32. On the Main Toolbar, locate and click on the ‘Setup X-Y Graph’ button.
This will open the Setup Graph dialog.
33. Click on the ‘Create a new graph’ and enter a name for your graph and tab that it
will appear on.
34. Click ‘Setup’.
35. In the Setup Graph dialog, choose ‘Secondary’ from the Location – ‘Unit
Process’ drop-down box and ‘Secondary_o1’ in the Stream box.
36. Next, check the ‘snh free and ionized ammonia’ and the ‘no3 nitrate’
checkboxes found in the State Variables sub-list.
37. Click ‘Add’.
38. Click ‘Accept’. You have now created an X-Y graph.
We will now create a couple of different outputs.
23
39. On the shortcut toolbar, locate and click on the ‘Tables/Bar Charts’ button. This
will open the Setup Tables/Bar Chart dialog.
40. Click on the ‘Create a new tables/bar chart’ and enter a name for your
table. Leave the ‘Create in tab:’ field as it is.
Tutorials 25
42. In the Chart Variables dialog that automatically opens, check the ‘sp soluble
ortho-phosphate’, ‘stp filter phosphorus’, ‘xtp particulate phosphorus’ and ‘tp
total phosphorus’ checkboxes.
With the variables chosen, you must

now specify the locations from which
you wish those variables to be
displayed.
44. The Setup Table/Bar Chart dialog is now displayed, choose ‘Influent’ from the
Location – ‘Unit Process’ drop-down box and ‘Influent_o1’ in the Stream box.
46. Next, choose ‘Primary’ from the Location – ‘Unit Process’ drop-down box and
‘Primary_o1’ in the Stream box.
48. Next, choose ‘Primary_u1’ in the
Stream box.
50. Next, choose ‘Secondary’ from the
Location – ‘Unit Process’ drop-down
box and ‘Secondary_o1’ in the Stream
box.
52. Finally, choose ‘Secondary_u1’ in the
Stream box.
25
You have now created a table. It is time to run a simulation.
55. Return to the Layout tab (top right of drawing board) and single-click on the
CSTR object. This will display the CSTR object on the Information Toolbar.
56. Return to the Outputs tab.
Running a Simulation
57. In the ‘Stop at: ‘ entry field at the bottom of the window, enter 2.0.
58. Start the 2-day simulation by clicking on the ‘Play’
button to the left of the ‘Stop at’ entry field.
After running your 2-day simulation you should see something similar to what is
shown. Hopefully you will have noticed several things during the simulation
including, that the table values and Information Toolbar information are being
updated continuously and that the Y-axis of the graph was automatically rescaled to
fit the data plotted.
Tutorials 27
Note: SimuWorks is designed to start all simulation by first finding steady

state. You will notice that after starting the simulation, SimuWorks will
first initialise the steady state solver, then the steady state solver will
converge and then, the 2-day simulation will begin. If a user requires
only a steady state solution, that user can do one of two things: i) set the
‘Stop at’ time to 0.0 days and click on the ‘Play’ button, or ii) click on the
‘Play/Stop’ button to the left of the ‘Play’ button. If the ‘Play/Stop’ button
is clicked, the ‘Stop at’ time is ignored. Note that after a simulation is
presumed to be completed, additional time can be added to the ‘Stop at’
time. The ‘Pause’ button can then be deactivated (by clicking on it) and
the simulation will proceed to the new time.
From the output it is difficult to see the effluent ammonia numbers so we shall now
reconfigure the graph setup.
59. Right-click on the X-Y graph to bring up its sub-menu.

60. Select ‘Details’ from the menu.
61. In the dialog that appears, click on the Y-axis tab.
62. In the Scaling section of the Y-axis tab, select ‘Manual’ and set the Min to 0.0
and the Max to 2.0.
27
The graph will automatically re-scale and the ammonia line should now be more
clearly visible. Note that the ‘Details’ dialog where this scaling was changed can be
used to change the look of the graph and the lines drawn on it. It is also there that
items are removed from graphs (see the ‘Variables’ tab).
This example has provided a simple illustration of the basic simulation features of
SimuWorks. Future tutorials will address more complex issues including influent
data, influent characterisation, and inputting time-varying data like temperature and
flows.
Tutorials 29
Tutorial 2:
Data Input and Output

1. SimuWorks data files
2. Operational data input files
3. Measured data input files
Adding Measured Data to a Graph

To make things easier, we will first edit the stream labels within the layout created in
Tutorial 1.
1. Open the layout created in Tutorial 1.

2. Single left-click on the influent arrow, so that the influent arrow appears in the
Information Toolbar.
29
3. Click the ‘Edit’ button that appears next to the influent arrow on the Information
Toolbar.
Note: You can also access the influent arrow parameters dialog by right-
clicking on the influent arrow in the drawing board area and selecting
‘Edit Parameters’ from the menu that appears or by double-clicking on
the influent arrow.
4. With the influent object’s parameters dialog open, select the ‘Labels’ tab.
5. Above and next to the influent arrow image, you will see two text fields. In the
entry field above the arrow type ‘Influent’, in the field to the right of arrow type
‘raw’.
7. Repeat steps 2 to 6 for the Primary Clarifier, CSTR, Secondary Clarifier and
Pumped Splitter using the following labels:
Object Label Overflow/Pumped Underflow

Label Label
Influent Influent raw
Primary Clarifier Primary primeff primunder
CSTR CSTR mlss
Secondary Clarifier Secondary seceff secunder
Pumped Splitter Waste was ras
After you have completed this labelling, if you click on the ‘Outputs’ (top-right of
the drawing board) you will notice that all of the graph labels have changed to reflect
the changes in the labels you have just made.
We will now setup a ‘Measured Data’ file. Measured data is assumed to be process-
related data (solids, CODs, BODs …) that were measured on-site to which the model
predictions will be compared. In this case we will assume that ammonia and nitrate
measurements are available.
8. Open some kind of text editor/spreadsheet program (for illustrative purposes,

MS Excel is used here).
9. Set up a data file by typing Time followed by a tab (or moving to the next
spreadsheet cell) and typing ‘Secondary/seceff/snh’. The first item is the object
label, the second is the stream label and the third is the cryptic variable name.
In this case the cryptic variable is snh for ammonia, but users are referred to the X-Y
graph setup dialog to confirm the cryptic names they should use. In that dialog the
cryptic names precede the descriptive names.
Tutorials 31
10. In the second data column (3rd column), enter the string identifying nitrate in the
effluent (i.e. Secondary/seceff/sno3).
11. Create the columns of data as shown and save the file as a tab delimited txt file
with a name of your choice.
12. Close the txt file you have just created.
13. In SimuWorks, return to the ‘Layout’ tab (top-right of drawing board).
14. From the ‘Input’ menu on the Menu Bar, select “Measured Data’.
15. Select ‘File Input’.
16. Click on the’ Browse’ button and navigate to the txt file you just created.
17. Click Open.

19. Click ‘Play’ to run the simulation again. You will see that the data file you just
created has been read in and the data from that file is now displayed on the
graph as x’s.
Adding Operational Data

We have now run a simulation and you now know how to display measured data on
graphs. Next we will setup an operational data file that contains information about
time varying dissolved oxygen. Operational data differs from measured data as these
data are inputs to the model (i.e. measured flows, or changing settling behaviour) and
are not predicted by the model per se. That is, operational data is required so that the
model can actually predict what will/did happen in the treatment facility.
31
Note that this example is for illustrative purposes only and was chosen as it results in
a significant change in the model behaviour. Nevertheless, it should be noted that all
operational data are input in the same way.
20. Create a new X-Y graph on a new tab entitled ‘DO’ and place the CSTR
dissolved oxygen variable on this new graph (see steps 31 to 38 of Tutorial 1, if
you do not know how to create an X-Y graph).
21. Open some kind of text editor/spreadsheet program (for illustrative purposes,
MS Excel is used here).
In operational data files, a header line is not used as each operational data file is
assumed to have only two columns and each data file should contain only one
parameter. That is, if you wish to read in underflow and waste flow data from
prepared data files then you will have to create two files, one with the underflow data
and one with the waste flow data.
The first column of any operational data file must always be time and the second
column contains the parameter data in the DEFAULT units. The user is cautioned to
take care when preparing data files to ensure that the parameter units are correct.
22. Create the columns of data as shown and save the file as a tab delimited txt file
with a name of your choice.

24. In SimuWorks, return to the ‘Layout’ tab (top-right of drawing board).
25. Open the CSTR parameters dialog by right-clicking on the CSTR and selecting
‘Edit Parameters’ or by clicking the ‘Edit’ button in the Information Toolbar if
the CSTR object is shown there.
26. Select the ‘Aeration’ tab.
27. Change the DO setpoint from ‘Constant’ to ‘Time varying’ and click on the
‘Data’ button.
Tutorials 33
Note: Operational data in SimuWorks can be entered manually, can be

imported from a file and can be exported to a file if need be. In this
example a file input approach will be used, but data can be entered
manually simply by clicking on the cells and entering the data. If you
wish to add rows to the table, simple type the ‘Enter’ key when you are
in the bottom row.
28. Click on the ‘Load data from a file’ button found at the bottom of the Data Input
dialog.
29. Browse to the location of the text file you just created, and click Open. You will
notice that your data has now populated the cells.
33. Click ‘Play’ to run the simulation again. You will see that the data file you just
created and imported has been read in and has had an impact on the ammonia
and nitrate results.
SimuWorks also includes an option to interpolate between data points for operational
data.
34. Return to the DO time varying data and check the ‘Interpolate data’ checkbox to
try this option.
33
38. Click ‘Play’ to run the simulation again. You will see that checking the
interpolate box has changed the model results.
Exporting Data for Post-Processing

Once a simulation has been run, it is often of interest to save the data for further
analysis, say in a spreadsheet program. Data can be exported directly from a graph or
all the data from a simulation can be exported as a ‘data dump’.
Note: To export data directly from a graph or table the tables must have data
in the cells, or lines must be drawn on the graphs.
39. Right-click on any one of the graphs or tables you have created and select
‘Export Data’.
40. Give the text file a name and click ‘Save’. This sequence of events has created a
text file that contains the data used for that output. In the case of a table it is the
instantaneous data at the time of export. In the case of a graph, it is the time
varying data plotted on the graph.
41. Open a text editor (or spreadsheet program) and view the file that was created.
Occasionally a simulation is run and data of interest has inadvertently not been
placed on a graph. A new graph can be created and the simulation can be run again
or, you can ‘dump’ all the simulation data for all streams and search through this
data for the data of interest. This feature may be of particular interest when a
simulation takes a long time to run and re-running the simulation would not be
efficient.
42. Return to SimuWorks and the Outputs tabs

43. If the simulation results are still displayed, select ‘Export Cache Data’ from the
‘Output’ menu in the Menu Bar.
44. Navigate to an appropriate directory, and choose a name for the cache data file
(the file will have an txt extension).
45. Click ‘Save’. This sequence of events has created a text file that contains all of
the dynamic simulation data for all streams from the previous model run.
Edit, search through the file as required.
Creating a Simulation Report

Once a simulation has been run, it is often of interest to create a report that captures
the information you acquired from the simulation.
Tutorials 35
47. Return to SimuWorks and the Layout tab.

48. Select ‘Generate Report’ from the ‘File’ menu.
49. When the Report Options are displayed, click ‘Accept’.
50. Navigate to an appropriate directory, and choose a name for the report (the
report will have an rtf extension).
51. Click ‘Save’.
52. Now, with a word processor, like MS Word, open the rtf file.
Note: A table of contents has been encrypted into the report (cannot at first be
seen) automatically, but because each PC will have a different page
layout configuration, the user should ‘update fields’ if they would like the
table of contents to be visible. In MS Word (English edition), click F9 to
update the Table of Contents.
This example has provided a simple illustration of the basic data input and output
features of SimuWorks. The next tutorial will address more complex issues
including influent data, and influent characterisation.
35
Tutorial 3:
Influent Characterisation & Data

1. Influent characterisation
2. Influent data files
Understanding Influent Characterisation

To make things easier, we will start with the layout created in Tutorial 2.
1. Open the layout created in Tutorial 2.

2. Single left-click on the influent arrow, so that the influent arrow appears in the
Information Toolbar.
3. Click ‘Edit’ button in the Information Toolbar, or right-click on the Influent and
select ‘Edit Parameters’ from the menu that appears.
Tutorials 37
It is important to understand that the basis of a wastewater treatment model is a

series of state variables around which transformation rate and derivative equations
have been written. It is equally important to recognise the difference between state
and composite variables so that greater insight into your results can be achieved. For
the most part, composite variables are calculated from the state variables and in
special cases (as can be the case with an influent object, the state variables might be
calculated from one or more composite variables). The following tutorial briefly
introduces you to this concept.
4. Click on the ‘States’ tab. Here you will see a list of state variables used in
SimuWorks. These states are present in all streams in your model and form the
basis for the model predictions. In all streams but the influent, the values of the
states will be calculated. Only in the influent(s) can a user directly manipulate
the SimuWorks state variable values.
5. Click on the ‘COD Tree’ tab. Here you will see a dynamic schematic picture of
the relationships between the state variables (in the olive-coloured boxes on the
left) and the composite variables (in the blue and orange-coloured boxes on the
right). Click on the other Tree tabs to see other relationships.
6. Return to the ‘States’ tab and change the ‘xbh active heterotrophic biomass’ to
100.
7. Click on the ‘COD Tree’ tab to see how that change has resulted in changes to
the COD and solids composite variables. As active biomass is assumed to have
a BOD and contain nitrogen and phosphorus (ratios adjusted in the Model
Parameters dialog – see ‘Edit Global Modelling Parameters’ in the ‘Edit
Parameters’ section of the How To… chapter), click on all the Tree tabs and see
how this state variable change has resulted in changes to the BOD, TKN and TP
calculations.
There are two influent models (calculation paths) in SimuWorks: i) States; and ii)
Fractions. Depending on the data that you have you may find it useful to use the
States tab, the Fractions tab or a combination of both. Changing the entered data on
either of these tabs is allowed, and will result in the recalculation of all variables
when the user clicks ‘Accept’ OR, changes tabs. Note that changing state values on
the ‘States’ tab will have an impact on the numbers displayed on the ‘Fractions’ tab
and visa versa so care should be taken when entering the data to ensure that all
variables (states and composites) agree with measured values. The user is
encouraged to make use of the Tree tabs to help.
Influent Data Files

In order to vary the influent wastewater with time (not including intraday variations),
it is necessary to create a time-varying influent data file.
37
8. Using MS Excel or other spreadsheet program, open a new file.
All influent data files must be configured using the same format and data must be
entered for all states in the correct order.
9. In the first row, enter the following variables IN ORDER (each variable in
sequential cells, no stream labels are required):
//time, flow, si, srbc, srbf, ssh, xbh, xbp, xbao, xbno, xpha, xs, xi, xe, xii, snh, snd,
sni, xnd, sno2, sno3, sp, xppr, xpp, xpd, so, salk, fcv, fbod
The ‘//’ before ‘time’ is required so that SimuWorks will ignore this line. All
variables in a SimuWorks influent file must be entered in the correct SI units
irrespective of the default units chosen in the program. Time is entered in days, flow
must be in m3/d and the states are entered in g/m3 (equivalent to mg/L).
10. In subsequent rows enter data for all the states at every time interval specified.
The time interval between rows need not be equal.
11. Save the file as a tab delimited txt file.
12. Close the file.
13. In SimuWorks, access the influent object’s parameters menu by right-clicking
on the influent object and choosing ‘Edit Parameters’.
14. Select ‘File Input’ and browse to the file you just created.
15. Click ‘Open’.
16. You will have noticed that the tabs have changed, click on the ‘File Input’ tab
and you will see your data in the table. Your data will now be read in and used
as the simulation progresses.
18. Click on the Outputs tab.
19. In the ‘Stop at: ‘ entry field at the bottom of the window, enter 2.0 if not already
done.
20. Start the 2-day simulation by clicking on the ‘Play’
button to the left of the ‘Stop at’ entry field and see
the impact of your influent data file on the simulation results.
Similar to time-varying operational data, SimuWorks includes an option to

interpolate between influent data points.
21. Return to the ‘File Input’ tab in the influent parameters dialog.
22. At the bottom of this tab, select ‘Interpolate values between data points’.
23. Check the ‘Flow’ and/or the ‘Concentrations’ checkbox(es).
Tutorials 39

26. Click ‘Play’ to run the simulation again. You will see the impact of
interpolating the data.
This concludes the tutorial section of the SimuWorks manual. The tutorials have
been designed to give new users an introduction to some of the basic features in
SimuWorks. For a more extensive list of procedures, the reader is referred to the
‘How To…’ chapter of this manual.
39
How To…
Change Keycodes
Change Keycode
To change the SimuWorks keycode:
1. Access the Licence Information dialog by selecting ‘Licence Information’ from
the Help menu.
2. Copy and Paste (or manually type) the new keycode into the Keycode entry
field.
4. Restart SimuWorks to
activate the new keycode.
Manage Files
Start a New File
There are three (3) ways to start a new file:
• By default, when SimuWorks is first opened from the
SimuWorks program group on the Start Menu, a new file
is created with a blank Drawing Board.
• If SimuWorks is open, a user can start a new project by:
o Clicking the ‘New’ shortcut button ( ) on the
Main Toolbar; or,
o Selecting ‘New’ from the File menu found on the
Menu Bar.
Note: If SimuWorks is running and the drawing

board is not empty then selecting either of
the latter options may prompt the user to
save the current layout.
Open
To Open an existing SimuWorks file, a user can:
• Click on the ‘Open’ shortcut button ( ) on the Main Toolbar; or,
• Select ‘Open’ from the File menu found on the Menu Bar; or,
• If the layout of interest is one of the last four edited, it can be selected from
the list at the bottom of the File menu found on the Menu Bar.
Save
To Save a SimuWorks file, a user can:
• Click on the ‘Save’ shortcut button ( ) on the Main
Toolbar; or,
• Select ‘Save’ from the File menu found on the Menu Bar;
or,
• Use the ‘Save As’ command (see below).
Save As
To Save a new SimuWorks layout:
1. Select ‘Save As’ from the File menu found on the Menu Bar.
2. In the ‘File name’ entry field, enter a name for the layout to be saved.
3. If the displayed directory is not the correct directory for this file, use the drop-
down menu and shortcut buttons found at the top of the ‘Save’ dialog window to
navigate to the appropriate directory.
How To… 43
Tip: The name of an existing file can be changed by opening the file and
then selecting the ‘Save As’ command from the File Menu. When
prompted to do so, enter a new name for the file and click the ‘Save’
button.
Manage Drawing Board Objects

Selecting Objects
One or more drawing board objects can be simultaneously selected and manipulated
(i.e. moved, cut, copied…).
Selection of Drawing Board Objects

To select only a portion of the drawing board area:
1. Use the mouse to form an inclusive box around the object(s) of interest. A red
selection box will be drawn on the drawing board to indicate the selected area.
2. Once one or more cells have been selected, the cut and copy functions can be
used.
Inclusive Box Selected Area
Tip: The selection box also can be removed from the drawing board by
drawing a very small inclusion box that does not include a full grid cell in
an unoccupied grid cell.
43
Cut
The ‘Cut’ command (when combined with the ‘Paste’ command) can be used to
move objects to a new location on the drawing board or to a new layout. It can also
be used to remove objects from the drawing board.
Note: It must be noted that if one or more objects is ‘Cut’ from the drawing
board, all output variables previously on graphs and in tables will be
removed. Pasting the objects to a new location on the same drawing
board does NOT restore the variables to the outputs.
To use the ‘Cut’ command:

1. Select an area of the drawing board as described in the ‘Selecting Objects’
section of this ‘How To…’ chapter.
2. Select the ‘Cut’ command using one of three methods:
• Click on the ‘Cut’ shortcut button ( ) on the Main Toolbar; or,
• Select ‘Cut’ from the Edit menu
found on the Menu Bar; or,
• Access the drawing board edit menu
by right-clicking on white space
anywhere on the drawing board, and
select ‘Cut selection’ from the
displayed menu.
Copy
The ‘Copy’ command can be used to create duplicate objects at a new location on the
drawing board.
To use the ‘Copy’ command:

1. Select an area of the drawing board as described in the ‘Selecting Objects’
section of this ‘How To…’ chapter.
2. Select the ‘Copy’ command using one of three methods:
• Click on the ‘Copy’ shortcut button ( ) on the Main Toolbar; or,
• Select ‘Copy’ from the Edit menu found on the Menu Bar; or,
• Access the drawing board edit menu by right-clicking on white space
anywhere on the drawing board, and select ‘Copy selection’ from the
displayed menu.
How To… 45
Tip: A ‘quick key’ procedure for copying a single object on the drawing board
is also available. While holding down the <Ctrl> key, left-click the object
to be copied and drag the cursor to an unoccupied grid cell. A duplicate
object will be created there.
Paste
The ‘Paste’ command is used to transfer objects from the clipboard to the drawing
board.
To use the ‘Paste’ command:

1. Select the area of the drawing board where you would like to place the clipboard
objects as described in the ‘Selecting Objects’ section of this ‘How To…’
chapter.
2. Select the ‘Paste’ command using one of three methods:
• Click on the ‘Paste’ shortcut button ( ) on the Main Toolbar; or,
• Select ‘Paste’ from the Edit menu
found on the Menu Bar; or,
select ‘Paste selection’ from the
displayed menu.
3. The clipboard objects should appear in the selected area.
Note: If the clipboard objects were copied then the ‘Paste’ command creates
duplicate objects on the drawing board that contain the same data as
the original objects.
Delete
A Single Layout Object
To ‘Delete’ a single layout object:
1. Access the object’s edit menu by right-clicking on
the unit process object.
2. Select ‘Delete’ from the displayed menu.
3. Answer ‘Yes’ to the delete warning message.
A Selection of Layout Objects

To ‘Delete’ a selection of layout objects:
1. Select an area of the drawing board ( see How To… Select Objects).
2. Select the ‘Cut’ command using one of two methods:
45
• Click on the ‘Cut’ shortcut button ( ) on the Main Toolbar; or,

• Select ‘Cut’ from the Edit Menu found on the Menu Bar; or,
select ‘Cut selection’ from the
displayed menu.
Move Layout Objects

Objects on the drawing board can be moved around the drawing board one at a time.
To move an object:
1. Left-click on the object and while keeping the left mouse button depressed, drag
the object to its new location. Any connections to that object will be adjusted to
the new location.
Connect Objects – Drawing the Flow Stream

To connect a flow stream between two objects:
1. Position the cursor over the effluent connection point of an upstream object. A
successful positioning will result in a change in the cursor icon to a white block
arrow.
2. While holding down the left mouse button, drag the cursor to an influent
connection point on a downstream object. Allowable connections are signified
by a change in the block arrow from white to green.
If an unacceptable connection is attempted, the block arrow will change to a red

circle with a line through it.
Acceptable Connection
How To… 47
Delete Connections
To delete a connection between two objects:
1. Access the object’s edit menu by right-clicking on the unit process object.
2. Select ‘Delete “_____” connection’ from the displayed menu.
3. Answer ‘Yes’ to the delete warning message.
Alternatively:
1. Select the upstream end of the pipe that is to be
deleted and drag a pipe to an unoccupied grid cell.
Manage the Drawing Board Display

Display the Drawing Board Grid
To display the drawing board grid:
1. Access the Layout menu by selecting ‘Layout’ from the View menu on the
Menu Bar.
2. Choose ‘Grid Lines’. The drawing board grid will be displayed.
Alternatively:
4. Choose ‘Show grid lines’ from the displayed items. The drawing board grid will
be displayed.
Display the Unit Process Labels

To display the unit process labels:
1. Access the Layout Menu by selecting ‘Layout’ from the View menu on the
Menu Bar.
2. Choose ‘Process Labels’. The unit process labels
will be displayed.
Alternatively:
1. Access the drawing board edit menu by right-
clicking on white space anywhere on the drawing
board.
2. Choose ‘Show process labels’ from the displayed
items. The unit process labels will be displayed.
47
Display the Unit Process Connection Points

To display the unit process connection points:
1. Access the Layout Menu by selecting ‘Layout’ from the View menu on the
Menu Bar.
2. Choose ‘Connection Points’. The unit process connection points will be
displayed.
Alternatively:
2. Choose ‘Show connection
points’ from the displayed
items. The unit process
connection points will be
displayed.
View Different Areas of the Drawing Board

The SimuWorks drawing board is a grid of height 16, and width
of 24, but it is not necessary to view the whole grid all of the
time. To change the viewing area:
1. Right-click on the appropriate percentage found in the

View > Zoom sub-menu.
2. Use the scroll bars to the right and at the bottom to see
different grid squares.
Edit Parameters
Edit Influent Wastewater Characteristics
To edit the influent wastewater characteristics:
1. Access the influent wastewater process edit menu by right-clicking on the
influent object.
2. Select ‘Edit Parameters’ from the menu list.
3. In the displayed dialog change all the parameters that need changing.
The user is referred to the Tutorial section for more

information on influent characterisation.
How To… 49
Edit Unit Process Parameters

As it is not possible in this guide to address the editing
of all the unit processes in SimuWorks, a simplified
discussion of a generic unit process is used to illustrate
the editing procedure. A similar procedure can be used
for all unit processes.
To edit the process parameters used for a given unit process:

1. Access the unit process edit menu by:
• Right-clicking on the drawing board object and selecting ‘Edit Parameters’
from the displayed menu; or,
• If the object is display in the Information Toolbar, click on the ‘Edit’ button.
2. Using the tabs to navigate through the various variables, locate and change the
variables of interest.
Edit Global Modelling Parameters

To edit the global modelling parameters used for the CSTR biological model:
1. Access the Model Parameters dialog by selecting ‘Model Parameters’ from the
Input menu.
2. Select the appropriate parameter type ‘Kinetic’ or
‘Stoichiometric’.
3. Select the appropriate tab and change the parameter of interest.
Continue to change all parameters that need changing.
Edit Simulation Initial Conditions

Occasionally it might be necessary to edit the initial conditions of one of the objects
displayed on the drawing board because of a numerical issue.
To change the initial conditions for any object:

1. Access the object type’s Initial Conditions dialog by selecting the object’s name
from the Input > Initial Conditions sub-menu.
2. Choose either to change the initial conditions globally for all similar objects or
uncheck the ‘all similar objects use the same initial conditions’ checkbox and
select the appropriate object from the
dropdown menu.
3. Change one or more initial conditions
for one or more of the objects.
49
Create Data Files

Influent Data Files
To create a time-varying influent data file:
2. All influent data files must be configured using the same format and data must
be entered in the correct order. In the first row, enter the following variables IN
ORDER (each variable in sequential cells, no labels are required):
//time, flow, si, srbc, srbf, ssh, xbh, xbp, xbao, xbno, xpha, xs, xi, xe, xii, snh, snd,
sni, xnd, sno2, sno3, sp, xppr, xpp, xpd, so, salk, fcv, fbod
The ‘//’ before ‘time’ is required so that SimuWorks will ignore this line; however,
including this line is recommended for purposes of clarity in the columns.
3. In subsequent rows enter data for all the states at every time interval specified.
5. Close the file.
6. In SimuWorks, access the influent object’s menu by right-clicking on the
influent object and selecting ‘Edit Parameters’.
7. Select ‘File Input’ and browse to the file you just created.
9. You will have noticed that the influent parameters tabs have changed, click on
the ‘File Input’ tab and you will see your data in the table. Your data will now
be read in and used as the simulation progresses.
Time-Varying Operational Parameters Data Files

To create a time-varying operational parameter data file:
All time-varying operational parameter data files must be configured using the same
format and each time-varying parameter should be in its own data file. The first
column is time and the second column is the data.
\
2. Enter the time in the first column and the data in the second.
4. Close the file.
5. In SimuWorks, access the object’s menu by right-clicking on the object and
selecting ‘Edit Parameters’.
How To… 51
6. Find the location of ‘Time Varying’ parameter and click on the ‘Data’ button.
7. Enter the data manually, or click on the From File image and browse to the file
you just created.
9. You will have noticed that the data has now been placed in the table. Your data
will now be read in and used as the simulation progresses.
Measured Data Files

Measured data is assumed to be process-related data (solids, CODs, BODs …) that
were measured on-site to which the model predictions will be compared. To create a
measured data file:

2. Set up a data file by typing Time followed by a tab (or moving to the next
spreadsheet cell) and typing a label for the data to be entered. The label must
take the form ‘ObjectName/StreamLabel/VariableName’. The first item is the
object label, the second is the stream label and the third is the cryptic variable
name for the data to be displayed.
Users are referred to the X-Y graph setup dialog to confirm the cryptic names they
should use. In that dialog, the cryptic names precede the descriptive names.
3. Populate the columns of data

4. Save the file as a tab delimited txt file with a name of your choice.
6. In SimuWorks, click on the ‘Outputs’ tab and access the Measured Data dialog
found in the Output menu.
7. Click on File Input and then the ‘Browse’ button.
8. Navigate to the location of the measured data file and click ‘Open’. The path to
the file will be displayed.
51
Manage Outputs and Output Tabs

Create a New X-Y Graph
To add a new X-Y graph:
1. Click on the ‘Setup X-Y Graph’ shortcut button on the Main Toolbar or select
‘Setup X-Y Graph’ from the Output menu.
2. In the Graph sub-section, click on the ‘Create New Graph’ button.
3. In the Title field give the new graph a title.
4. Select an existing tab or create a new one for the new graph.
The graph has now been created, but no variables have yet been placed onto the
graph. The following steps should be followed to add variables to the graph.
6. In the Setup Graph dialog, select a Unit Process and a Stream in the Location
sub-section.
7. From the State, Composite and Additional Variables sub-sections select the
checkboxes of the variables of interest for the chosen graph.
8. Click ‘Add’.
9. Continue selecting graphs, locations and/or variables and clicking ‘Add’ until all
graphs have the proper variables that you wish to display.
How To… 53
Create a New Table or Bar Chart

To add a new Table or Bar Chart:
1. Click on the ‘Setup Table/Bar Chart’ shortcut button on the Main Toolbar or
select ‘Setup Table/Bar Chart’ from the Output menu.
2. In the Table/Bar Chart sub-section, click on the ‘Create New Table Bar Chart’
button.
3. In the Title field give the new table or bar chart a title.
4. In the Type field choose ‘Table’ or ‘Bar Chart’.
5. Select an existing tab or create a new one for the new output.
The table (or bar chart) has now been created, but no variables have yet been placed
onto the output. The following steps should be followed to add variables to the
output.
7. In the Chart Variables dialog, select the variables for the output.
9. In the Setup Table/Bar Chart
dialog, choose the Location(s) to
be displayed on the chart.
10. Click ‘Add’ for each new location.
11. Continue selecting charts and
locations, and clicking ‘Add’ until
all charts have the proper variables
you want to display.
Add a New Output Tab

To add a new output tab:
1. Select the ‘Setup X-Y Graph’ (or the ‘Setup Tables/Bar Charts’) button.
2. In the Graph (or Tables/Bar Chart) sub-section, click on the ‘Create New Graph’
(or ‘Create New Table/Bar Chart’) button.
3. Select ‘Create new tab’ from the ‘Create in tab:’ dropdown menu.
4. Give the new tab a name and click ‘Setup’.
Change the Name of an Output Tab

To change the name of an output tab:
1. Access the tab edit menu by right-clicking on the tab name.
2. From the displayed menu choose ‘Rename Tab’.
Alternatively, select ‘Rename Tab’ from the Edit menu in the Menu Bar.
53
3. Type a new name in the displayed entry field.

Delete an Output Tab

An output tab will be automatically deleted when all of the graphs/tables/bar charts
have been removed from it. To remove these:
1. Access the tab edit menu by right-clicking anywhere on the tab to be deleted.
2. From the displayed menu select “Move’ or ‘Delete’. This will
remove the current output from that tab. Continue to remove
outputs from the tab. When all outputs have been removed, the
tab will automatically be deleted.
Alternatively, you can left-click on the desired graph/table/bar chart to give it the
‘focus’ (ie. a dotted line around it’s perimeter) and then select ‘Move’ or ‘Delete’
from the Edit menu in the Menu Bar.
Reorder Outputs
To change the arrangement of the SimuWorks outputs on a tab:
1. Select the output tab on which you would like to reorder the outputs.
2. Right-click anywhere on the tab to access the the output tab’s menu and select
‘Reorder’.
3. Using the directional buttons at the buttom of the dialog, select
the output to be reordered and move it to a new location.
4. If required, select another tab from the list on the left and
reorder as needed.
5. When complete, click ‘Accept’.
Move Outputs
To move an output from one tab to another:
1. Select the output tab on which you would like to move the outputs.
2. Right-click anywhere on the tab to access the the output tab’s
menu and select ‘Move’.
3. Select the tab that you would like to move the output to, or
create a new tab.
Change an Output’s Details

SimuWorks provides users with the ability to change the details (colour, line
thickness, X and Y axes scales…). To change the details of an output:
1. Select the Outputs tab.
2. Select the output that you would like to change.
How To… 55
3. Right-click on the output and choose ‘Details’. In the details

dialog, you will see several tabs (tab names change depending
on the graph type). Browse through the tabs and change the
details as needed.
Export Data for Post Processing

Once a simulation has been run, it is often of interest to save the data for further
analysis, say in a spreadsheet program. Data can be exported directly from a graph or
all the data from a simulation can be exported as a ‘data dump’
Note: To export data directly from a graph or table the tables must have data
in the cells, or lines must be drawn on the graphs.
1. Right-click on any one of the graphs or tables you have created and select
‘Export Data’.
2. Give the text file a name and click ‘Save’. This sequence of
events has created a text file that contains the data used for that
output. In the case of a table it is the instantaneous data at the
time of export. In the case of a graph, it is the time varying data
plotted on the graph.
3. Open a text editor (or spreadsheet program) and view the file
that was created.
Occasionally a simulation is run and data of interest has inadvertently not been
placed on a graph. A new graph can be created and the simulation can be run again
or, you can ‘dump’ all the simulation data for all streams and search through this
data for the data of interest. This feature may be of particular interest when a
simulation takes a long time to run and re-running the
simulation would not be efficient.
4. Return to SimuWorks and the Outputs tabs

5. If the simulation results are still displayed, select
‘Export Cache Data’ from the ‘Output’ menu in the
Menu Bar.
6. Navigate to an appropriate directory, and choose a
name for the cache data file (the file will have an txt extension).
7. Click ‘Save’. This sequence of events has created a text file that contains all of
the dynamic simulation data for all streams from the previous model run.
Edit, search through the file as required.
55
Generate Report
Generate Report
To generate a SimuWorks report:
1. Access the SimuWorks Report Setup dialog box by selecting ‘Generate Report’
from the File menu found on the Menu Bar.
2. Choose the required options by checking the appropriate checkboxes.
4. Select a file name and location.
The report that is generated by this series of steps is a rich-text formatted (.rtf) file
that can be read by most advanced word processing programs. The user is cautioned
that the report generation feature of SimuWorks was tested only in MS Word.
Figures and the Table of Contents may not be properly displayed in all word
processors.
Export to GPS-X
Export Layout
To export a SimuWorks layout to GPS-X:
1. Select ‘Export to GPS-X…’ from the File menu found on the
Menu Bar.
2. Select a file name and location.
Edit a Basic Dialog

Accept Edits to a Dialog
To accept all the changes to variable values and units on all tabs of a dialog box:
1. Click the ‘Accept’ button at the bottom of the dialog box. Clicking this button
will close the dialog and save the edited values.
Cancel Edits to a Dialog

To reject all the changes to variable values and units on all tabs of a dialog box:
1. Click the ‘Cancel’ button at the bottom of the dialog box. Clicking this button
will close the dialog and reset the edited values to the settings they were when
the dialog was first opened.
How To… 57
Change Units
Variables can by default be displayed with U.S. Units or SI Units, or a user can
change the units of specific parameters if necessary. SimuWorks includes a unit
conversion algorithm that automatically corrects any displayed value if the units are
changed. Units can be changed on-the-fly and SimuWorks will automatically make
the necessary changes in the appropriate
dialog boxes.
Locally on Individual Parameters

To change the units of one parameter:
1. Right (or Left) -click directly on the units that are to
be changed. This will display a listing of possible
units for that parameter contained in the SimuWorks
database.
2. Select the preferred units from the displayed listing.
Globally on all Parameters

To change the basis for all units of all variables:
1. Access the Preferences dialog box, by choosing ‘Options’ from the View menu
found on the Menu Bar.
2. Select either U.S. or SI in the Default Units sub-section.
Change Parameter Display Options

Significant Figures
To change the number of significant figures used for input and output:
1. Access the Preferences dialog box, by choosing ‘Options’ from the View menu
found on the Menu Bar.
2. Enter a number in the
Significant Digits for
Input/Output sub-
section.
57

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Users Guide

Attainable Wastewater Treatment Simulation

Adobe and Acrobat are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Microsoft,

Printing Date: January, 2005

Table of Contents ............................................................................................. i

Section I: Introducing SimuWorks – This section introduces SimuWorks and

Section II: Installing SimuWorks – This section provides step-by-step software

Idea – This image is used to identify an important piece of text or

Tip – This image is used to identify a software tip, shortcut or

Accurate and rapid simulation of wastewater treatment systems is a worldwide

SimuWorks is a process prediction tool that formulates those predictions based on

SimuWorks is a simplified dynamic process simulation tool aimed at providing fast

• 733 MHz Pentium Processor

It is recommended that the program be used on a computer with the following:

• 2.4 GHz Pentium Processor (or equivalent)

SimuWorks is now installed and ready for use.

Title Bar Menu Bar

Simulation Control Area Information Toolbar

Like other Windows programs, the SimuWorks window can be maximised,

Unit Process Toolbar

This toolbar can be removed from view, if required,

These changes are made in 2

Layout-specific items are

Drawing Board Labels

Process Labels Active Process Connection Points Active

Unit Process Parameters

This dialog gives the user

Simulation With SimuWorks

The buttons have the following functions:

Tutorial 1: Basic Simulation

Tutorial 2: Data Input and Output

Tutorial 3: Influent Characterisation and Data

This tutorial covers the following topics:

1. Using the drawing board to draw a process flow schematic

Creating a Simple Layout

The Unit Process Toolbar has a number of

Follow a similar procedure for a ‘Primary Clarifier’ object, a 2-way Combiner, a

Note: If a mistake is made in the process of drawing connection pipes and/or

Follow a similar procedure and

With the process streams drawn,

8. Right-click on the influent

This will display the Influent

contain schematic drawings of the different influent component relationships. Note

23. Right-click on the Secondary

We must also set an appropriate wastage

28. Access the Pumped Splitter’s

Your layout is now setup

31. Locate the Layout/Outputs/Notes tabs in the top right

We will now create a couple of different outputs.

With the variables chosen, you must

54. Click ‘Accept’.

You have now created a table. It is time to run a simulation.

Note: SimuWorks is designed to start all simulation by first finding steady

59. Right-click on the X-Y graph to bring up its sub-menu.

This tutorial covers the following topics:

Adding Measured Data to a Graph

1. Open the layout created in Tutorial 1.

Object Label Overflow/Pumped Underflow

8. Open some kind of text editor/spreadsheet program (for illustrative purposes,

18. Return to the Outputs tab.

Adding Operational Data

23. Close the txt file you have just created.

Note: Operational data in SimuWorks can be entered manually, can be