Industrial Automation using Internet of Things (IOT)

Vanchinathan T, vachinathant@hcl.com
Ramprasath. P, ramprasath.p@hcl.com
Introduction
Sensors have been around for a while, research on WSN started back in the 1980s, and it is only since 2001
that WSNs generated an increased interest from industrial and research perspectives. This is due to
the availability of inexpensive, low powered miniature components like processors, radios and sensors that
were often integrated on a single chip. The idea of IoT was developed in parallel to WSNs. The IoT refers
to the ever-growing network of physical objects that feature an IP address for internet connectivity, and the
communication that occurs between these objects and other Internet-enabled devices and systems.
Abbreviations
Abbreviation Expansion
IoT Internet of Things
RFID Radio Frequency Identification
WSN Wireless sensor networks
SoC system on a chip

Problem Faced
Data about probable cause of failure are not available unless service engineer visit the site and confirm
the primary diagnosis. Even the engineer rarely has the information on the actual operation when the
product failed. Time is lost in the whole process. Data driven root cause of failure cannot be done. The
Manufacture has the little insight beyond surveys, into how the machines are being utilized in the field.
Having real information can be extremely useful to build better products.

Solution Approach/ Remedial Action

The Internet of Things allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network
infrastructure.
Sensors (Temperature sensor, Pressure sensor, Humidity sensor, Vibration sensor, Intrusion sensor) are
used to percept the environment and object conditions. Analog signal are provided to android device
produced by sensors. Admin set threshold to every sensors placed in Industry. Smart phone checks this
threshold against incoming analog signal. When it encounter an uneven condition devices (Buzzer,
Alarm, motor, fan) are used to take accurate measures such as Alarm/Alert are generated, it send
messages and email to Admin.

Block Diagram of the System

Then with the help of Artificial Intelligent it takes adequate steps to solve the problems. This can be
possible through past experience and similar previous condition stored in database. In this we use cloud as
database for scalability.
Benefits
Quantitative Benefits
The effort for implementation of IoT will depends upon:
 IoT elements
 RFID
 WSN
 Addressing Schemes
 Data storage and analytics
  Visualization
IoT elements:
There are three IoT components which enables seamless ubiquitous computing:
a) Hardware - made up of sensors, actuators and embedded communication hardware
b) Middleware - on demand storage and computing tools for data analytics
c) Presentation - novel easy to understand visualization and interpretation tools which can be
widely accessed on different platforms and which can be designed for different applications
RFID:
RFID technology is a major breakthrough in the embedded communication paradigm which enables
design of microchips for wireless data communication. They help in automatic identification of anything
they are attached to acting as an electronic barcode.
WSN:
Low power integrated circuits and wireless communications have made available efficient, low cost, low
power miniature devices for use in remote sensing applications. The combination of these factors has
improved the viability of utilizing a sensor network consisting of a large number of intelligent
sensors, enabling the collection, processing, analysis and dissemination of valuable information, gathered
in a variety of environments.
Addressing Schemes:
Two types of service-oriented architectures stand out as potential candidates to enable uniform interfaces
to smart objects:
1.) The Representational State Transfer (REST)
REST at the core of a RESTful architecture lie resources that are uniquely identified through
Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs). The Web is an implementation of RESTful principles – it uses
URLs to identify resources and HTTP as their service interface. In a typical REST request, the client
discovers the URL of a service it wants to call by browsing or crawling its HTML representation. The
client then sends an HTTP call to this URL with a given verb (GET, POST, PUT, etc.), a number of
options (e.g., accepted format), and a payload in the negotiated format (e.g., XML or JSON). Several
recent research projects implement RESTful Web services for smart things within what has become to be
known as the Web of Things
2.) WS-Web services:
WS-These services declare their functionality and interfaces in a Web Services Description
Language (WSDL) file. Client requests and service response objects are encapsulated using the Simple
Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and transmitted over the network, usually using the HTTP protocol.
Data storage and analytics:
One of the most important outcomes of this emerging field is the creation of an unprecedented amount of
data storage, ownership and expiry of the data become critical issues. The internet consumes up to 5% of
the total energy generated today and with these types of demands, it is sure to go up even further. It is
important to develop artificial intelligence algorithms which could be centralized or distributed based on
the need. A centralised infrastructure to support storage and analytics is required. This forms
the IoT middleware layer and there are numerous challenges involved which are discussed in future
sections. As of 2012, Cloud based storage solutions are becoming increasingly popular and in the years
ahead, Cloud based analytics and visualization platforms are foreseen

Visualization:
Visualization is critical for an IoT application as this allows interaction of the user with the environment.
With recent advances in touch screen technologies, use of smart tablets and phones has become very
intuitive. For a lay person to fully benefit from the IoT revolution, attractive and easy to understand
visualization has to be created.
Combining these blocks will reduce the effort and increase the efficiency of the delivery.
Time taken to monitor a pump = 6 mints
Time taken to monitor a series of pump (10 pumps) = 60 mints
Consider, per day 5 times of monitor = 5 *60 = 300 mints
For a year = 365 * 300 mints = 109500 mints (1825 hours)
Salary for an employee for an hour = $ 10
Salary for a year = $1825
Qualitative Benefits
 When all the information about a manufacturing process is accessible to the users who need it,
there can be an improvement in overall performance. Technicians know what is going on,
management can plan accurately and customers know what they are getting and when.

 The availability of data in real time can reduce downtime as abnormal conditions are identified as
they happen and solutions are accessible rapidly.

 Technicians have remote access to sensor data and to actuators allowing them to issue commands.
The production line may not have to shut down and the causes of failures can be identified and
resolved reliably.

 Reduced downtime and better management of scheduling and shipping can reduce production
costs. More importantly, the availability of seamless data points lets technicians and management
identify where they should be focusing their efforts to gain the highest improvements.

Learning/ Improvements
Nowadays we need everything computerized. Earlier we can only monitor the situations with the help of
cameras. In industries to reduce manual overhead we can implemented Internet of Things (IoT) in
Industry to monitor as well as to inform the responsible person to take appropriate measures. As
sometimes it will be late in this process and it will harm to property as well as life. For this purpose we
are developing a system for Industrial Automation using IoT with the help of Artificial Intelligence to
make system automated which will take intelligent decisions.
Applicability to Other Projects
Internet of Things are available in Mobile applications
 We can implement sensors in wide area over the machines and instruments. Control and Monitor
circumstances by using concept of Artificial Intelligence and IoT
 We can plot sensors on patient’s body and Doctor can check current status on his phone and also
take necessary actions and decisions
 We can implement sensors to household appliances and monitor and control with the help of
Artificial Intelligence.

References
1. Li Da Zu “Internet of Things in Industries: A Survey” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,
vol. 10, no. 4, November 2014
2. Sadeque Reza Khan Professor Dr. M. S. Bhat “GUI Based Industrial Monitoring and Control System
``IEEE paper, 2014
3.  Jayavardhana Gubbi,a Rajkumar Buyya, Slaven Marusic, Marimuthu Palaniswami “Internet of Things
(IoT): A Vision, Architectural Elements, and Future Directions” IEEE Future generation computer system
volume 29, Issue 7, September 2013.
4. H. Sundmaeker, P. Guillemin, P. Friess, S. Woelfflé, Vision and challenges for realising the Internet of
Things, Cluster of European Research Projects on the Internet of Things - CERP IoT, 2010

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