VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELAGAVI-590018

A PHASE 1 REPORT ON

SMART MIRROR FOR WATER CONSERVATION

Submitted By

PRITHWI C BHANDARY 4SF15EC061

SHILPA K 4SF15EC104

SOUMYASHREERAO 4SF15EC109

RANJITH K 4SF16EC414

Under the guidance of

MR. GURUSIDDAYYA HIREMATH

Assistant Professor

Department Of Electronics and Communication Engineering

SAHYADRI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

MANAGEMENT

ADYAR, MANGALURU-575007

2018-2019
 SAHYADRI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &MANAGEMENT

ADYAR, MANGALURU-575007

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Phase1 of the project entitled “SMART MIRROR FOR
WATER CONSERVATION” is presented by PRITHWI C BHANDARY
(USN: 4SF15EC074), SHILPA K (USN: 4SF15EC104), SOUMYA RAO
(USN: 4SF15109), RANJITH K (USN: 4SF16EC414) in partial fulfilment for the award
of Bachelor of Engineering (B.E) in Electronics and Communication Engineering of the
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the academic year 2018-2019. It
is certified that all corrections or suggestions indicated for Assessment have been
incorporated in the Report deposited in the departmental library. The report has been
approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of Degree.

MR. GURUSIDDAYYA HIREMATH Dr. ASHWATH RAO

Project Guide Professor & head

ECE Dept. ECE Dept.

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We wish to express sincere gratitude to our project guide MR. GURUSIDDAYYA
HIREMATH, Associate Professor for his valuable guidance and suggestions hence
improving our knowledge.

We are grateful to Dr. ASHWATH RAO, Head of the Department, Electronics

and Communication engineering for his constant encouragement.

We are indebted to our beloved Principal, Dr. R SRINIVASA KUNTE and

Director Dr. D.L.PRABHAKARA and the Management of Sahyadri College of
Engineering and Management, Adyar, Mangaluru for having provided all the facilities
that helped me in timely completion of this report.

Finally, we would like to thank all the Teaching and Non-Teaching staff of
Department, Electronics and Communication for their valuable help and support.

PRITHWI C BHANDARY

SHILPA K

SOUMYA RAO

RANJITH

i
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS PAGE NO.

Acknowledgement i

Table of contents ii

List of figures iii

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

Chapter 2 Literature survey 2

Chapter 3 Methodology 6

Hardware Requirements 8

Chapter 4 Gantt chart 9

Chapter 5 Conclusion 10

References 11
 LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO NAME OF FIGURE PAGE NO

3.1.1 Operational flow of the model 6

3.2.1 Gantt chart 9

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
In this world everyone needs a comfort life. Modern man has invented different
technology for his purpose. In today’s world, people need to be connected and they are
willing to access the information easily. Whether it is through the television or internet,
people need to be informed and in touch with the current affairs happening around the
world. The Internet of Things (IOT) means interconnection via the internet of computing
devices embedded in everyday objects, enabling them to send and receive data. The
Internet of Things with its enormous growth widens its applications to the living
environment of the people by changing a home to smart home.

Smart home is a connected home that connects all type of digital devices to
communicate each other through the internet. Our lifestyle has evolved in such a way that
optimizing time is the most important thing. Our work is based on the idea that we all
look at the mirror when we go out, so why wouldn’t the mirror become smart.

A common approach for building a smart mirror is to use a high quality one-way
glass, a LCD monitor, a frame to hold the glass and monitor, and a web browser with
python to provide the software features and drive the display. This project has been
developed with the idea of making home smart to save time. The Internet transformed our
lives by connecting us more easily to information and other people in the virtual world.
The state of innovation currently is to provide more information with less interaction to
get it. The device that has been researched and designed is called “Smart Mirror”. It is a
wall mounted mirror which displays relevant items to the user such as weather, time, date,
temperature, humidity and news and other fields of interest. IOT emerged the idea of
remotely monitoring objects through the Internet. When it comes to our home, security is
crucial issue to the general public. For enhancing the security of home this framework is
used by owner of the house. Assume you are not at home and a thief enters your home
then this framework will give a caution through alert message. When thief enters the
home, PIR sensor will detect the movement and gives the owner alert message. Wireless
Home security and Home automation are the dual aspects of this project. The currently
built prototype of the system sends alerts to the owner over message using the Internet if
any sort of human movement is sensed near the mirror.

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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SURVEY
This chapter gives the details of the various works which were carried out for
different IOT systems.

Adel Nadjaran Toosi, Jungmin Son, Rajkumar Buyya [1] Presented the CLOUDS-Pi
platform along with the physical-infrastructure setup and utilized software. In contrast to
other work in this domain, such as Zebra7 or Elasticcon,8 that particularly focuses on
architectural frameworks for advancing SDN controllers, we intend to use current
advances in SDN and cloud technologies to put together a recipe for constructing a
platform for conducting empirical research in SDCs.

Hongming Cai [2] Described about IoT related applications have emerged as an
important field for both engineers and researchers, reflecting the magnitude and impact of
data-related problems to be solved in contemporary business organizations especially in
cloud computing. This paper first provides a functional framework that identifies the
acquisition, management, processing and mining areas of IoT big data, and several
associated technical modules are defined and described in terms of their key
characteristics and capabilities. Then current research in IoT application is analyzed,
moreover, the challenges and opportunities associated with IoT big data research are
identified. We also report a study of critical IoT application publications and research
topics based on related academic and industry publications. Finally, some open issues and
some typical examples are given under the proposed IoT related research framework.

Chanda Rajurkar, S R S Prabaharan, S.Muthulakshmi [3] Focused on monitoring of

use of water, consider, by one block of house in a flat system, where at the partition of
pipeline from where the water gets diverted to various part of a block. Methods/Statistical
analysis: Water places a vital role for living beings in their day to day lives. The earth’s
71% is covered by water is a ubiquitous fact. Among which Oceans has approximately
96.50% and 3% is considered to be freshwater, again out of which only 0.08% is
accessible direct to human use and rest is preserved in tundra regions and in different
form on and in the earth surface which is very difficult to abstract for the human
purposes. From this it states that only 0.08% is available as fresh water for human being

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to make use for drinking, domestic purposes, sanitation, manufacturing, leisure,

agriculture etc which gets recharged by rain and snowfall.

Vamsikrishna Patchava, Hari Babu Kandala, P Ravi Babu [4] Presented a proposed
system for Smart Home Automation technique with Raspberry Pi using IoT and it is done
by integrating cameras and motion sensors into a web application. To design this system,
we are using a Raspberry Pi module with Computer Vision techniques. Using this, we can
control home appliances connected through a monitor based internet. Raspberry Pi
operates and controls motion sensors and video cameras for sensing and surveillance. For
instance, it captures intruder’s identity and detects its presence using simple Computer
Vision Technique (CVT). Whenever motion is detected, the cameras will start recording
and Raspberry Pi device alerts the owner through an SMS and alarm call.

Vikas Kumawat, Shubham Jain, Vikram Vashisth, Neha Mittal, Bhupendra Kumar
Jangir [5] Proposed about controlling home appliances by controlling electrical or
electronic appliances remotely, things can be done automatically in the desired
environment. Very first few implementations of Automation included simple security
systems like alarms, but today automation can be applied in every system of gadgets.
Using Home automation can make you do some very important things very easily and
with higher controllability. Other than combining sensors and code to make things work
automatically, Home automation can also be applied as an implementation of remote
computing by giving remote access of the system to the user so that the user can monitor
and control the system according to the need. In this project we have automated a 220v
supply which can have the load of a bulb or any electrical device, we have used a
temperature sensor to monitor the room temperature and the temperature can be seen on
the web interface on any mobile device and we have also automated a small 5v D.C
supply which can be used to attach a motor or can have various applications like
controlling the latch of a door or it can be made to work sporadically by integrating it
with sensors and readings. In this papera web interface has been developed using
raspberry pi as a web server for operating the home electronic/electrical appliances
through any Wi-Fi capable mobile device.

Shavarsidha Gunde, Prof. A. K. Chikaraddi, Dr. V. P. Baligar [6] Described about

The Internet of Things (IoT) defines that objects are interconnected through wired and
wireless networks without user intervention. The current IoT perform, sensing, actuating,

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data gathering, storing, and processing by connecting physical or virtual devices to the
Internet. The application of IoT brings the higher efficiency and the more convenient life.
Meanwhile, data collection will benefit from the ability to detect changes in the physical
status of things. Large quantities of low cost, unattended wireless sensor nodes may be
deployed to monitor a wide range of environments. Water is an essential resource and its
management is a key issue. The proposed work is IOT based system for management of
water distribution on a large campus. Depending on the level of the water, the
submersible pump starts and stops automatically. When a level of water in an overhead
tank is minimum then submersible pump automatically starts pumping and when it
reaches to maximum level then submersible pump stops automatically. If the level of
water reaches the maximum then intimate the user through SMS and upload detected
water levels to the cloud. This system works automatically without any human
intervention.

Ishita Gupta, Varsha Patil, Chaitali Kadam, Shreya Dumbre [7] Proposed that in
today’s world, face recognition is an important part for the purpose of security and
surveillance. Hence there is a need for an efficient and cost effective system. Our goal is
to explore the feasibility of implementing Raspberry Pi based face recognition system
using conventional face detection and recognition techniques such as Haar detection and
PCA. This paper aims at taking face recognition to a level in which the system can
replace the use of passwords and RF I-Cards for access to high security systems and
buildings. With the use of the Raspberry Pi kit, we aim at making the system cost
effective and easy to use, with high performance.

Fania Mokhayeri, Eric Granger, and Guillaume-Alexandre Bilodeau [8] Described

the performance of still-to video FR systems can decline significantly because faces
captured in unconstrained operational domain (OD) over multiple video cameras have a
different underlying data distribution compared to faces captured under controlled
conditions in the enrolment domain with a still camera. This is particularly true when
individuals are enrolled to the system using a single reference still. To improve the
robustness of these systems, it is possible to augment the reference set by generating
synthetic faces based on the original still.

Abhijith Punnappurath, Ambasamudram Narayanan Rajagopalan [9] Described

about existing methods for performing face recognition in the presence of blur are based

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on the convolution model and cannot handle non-uniform blurring situations that
frequently arise from tilts and rotations in hand-held cameras. In this paper, we propose a
methodology for face recognition in the presence of space-varying motion blur
comprising of arbitrarily-shaped kernels. We model the blurred face as a convex
combination of geometrically transformed instances of the focused gallery face, and show
that the set of all images obtained by non-uniformly blurring a given image forms a
convex set. We first propose a non-uniform blur-robust algorithm by making use of the
assumption of a sparse camera trajectory in the camera motion space to build an energy
function with l1-norm constraint on the camera motion. The framework is then extended
to handle illumination variations by exploiting the fact that the set of all images obtained
from a face image by non-uniform blurring and changing the illumination forms a
biconvex set. Finally, we propose an elegant extension to also account for variations in
pose.

Yun-Fu Liu, Member, Jing-Ming Guo [10] Described about modeling 3D face is
effective way for pose-invariant recognition, yet its expensive computation significantly
discourages potential applications. In this paper, a simple and fully automatic panoramic
image based pose-invariant face recognition method is proposed to present excellent
accuracy with low complexity. In this study, a face shape model with local morphing
treatment is first constructed and considered as the alignment standard to deal with all of
the possible geometric distortion problems. During the recognition phase, a proposed
systematically designed algorithm with morphing and the selection function are both
utilized to significantly ease the negative effects of various poses within ±45°˚ in yaw and
±22.5° in pitch. As demonstrated in experimental results, a similar accuracy as that of the
3D start-of-the-arts is achieved with much less computational complexity.

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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY
3.1 Design Flow:
This section will explain the operational flow and design flow of the model. Designing
will have 2 parts in it tap namely design and mirror design.

FIGURE 3.1: Operational flow of the model

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The first part deals with designing the box that is used to place the monitor, controller
board, and mirror. Once monitor and controller are fixed, the mirror will cover the front
of the box. Any information that is to be displayed on the mirror will be displayed on the
monitor. The characteristics of the mirror are such that the front side is reflective and acts
as a mirror, while the back side is transparent, so anything that is displayed on the
monitor can be seen on the mirror surface. Therefore, the mirror needs to be placed
directly onto the monitor to ensure that all of the information is visible. To avoid any
possible movements of the monitor and controller board that could cause damage to these
components, the box will have compartments for them. There are three compartments:
one for the monitor, one for the controller board, and one for fixing the power cables. In
addition to the three compartments, one can also see an opening on one side of the box.
The second part of the design is designing the application. The aim is to have a mirror
that is displaying certain information; the design has to be such that the existing surface
of the mirror, which covers the monitor, is used in the most efficient manner. The
information that is to be displayed needs to be arranged in such manner that the display
area of the monitor is efficiently utilized and that it does not stand in the way of ones
reflection. The best way to achieve this is to place these pieces of information in the
corners of the display, leaving the mid part of the display surface empty, so that the
person’s reflection in the mirror is clearly visible.
The design flow can be divided into two divisions
1) To design a tap to control water flow.
2) Mirror design for recognizing the user.
Under tap design, selection of appropriate sensors and software for operation of tap is on
seasonal base and user. Under mirror design, selection of processor and software for the
user face recognition. Both designs are Integrated and tested.

3.2 WORKING:
Mirror starts its functioning when person comes in front of it, when person stands in front
the mirror, camera captures the picture and captured image is processed. After image
processing image of a person is identified, for each person certain amount of water is set.
If the water consumption goes above the threshold mirror will alert the user by displaying
on it.

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3.3 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT:

RASPBERRY PI:

The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a
computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little
device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program
in languages like Scratch and Python. The Raspberry Pi has the ability to interact with the
outside world, and has been used in a wide array of digital maker projects, from music
machines and parent detectors to weather stations and tweeting birdhouses with infra-red
cameras.

LOW PROFILE DISPLAY:

This is used for displaying real time weather information from the satellite and
displaying information about the water usage of a particular person when raspberry pi
recognizes.

MAGNETIC FLOW METER:

This sensor sits in line with your water line and contains a pinwheel sensor to
measure how much liquid has moved through it. There's an integrated magnetic Hall
Effect sensor that outputs an electrical pulse with every revolution. The Hall Effect sensor
is sealed from the water pipe and allows the sensor to stay safe and dry.

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CHAPTER 4

PROJECT GANTT CHART

Project Report submission 03/Mar 5

Project Demonstration 26/Feb 5

Presentaion of the Project Design 20/Feb 6

Documentaion of the Project 10/Feb 10

Implimentaion of the Project 16/Jan 25

Design of the Project 06/Jan 10

Presentaion of Literature Survey 29/Nov 2

Submission of the project Progress 09/Nov 20

Litrature survey 26 14/Oct

Submission of the Project Synopsis 12 02/Oct

02/Oct 21/Nov 10/Jan 01/Mar 20/Apr

Start date Days to complete Days to be complte

FIGURE 5.1: Gantt chart

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CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION
Smart mirrors have great potential to enhance user experience of accessing and
interacting with information. Not only do they allow users to see relevant information
effortlessly, they can educate people to use limited amount of water. In today’s society
water conservation is of crucial importance. By keeping this in mind we have integrated a
Face detection system into our smart mirror which will help us to know which person
used how much water. If same person comes next time, it will check and give limited
amount of water if he wasted the previous time.

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REFERENCES
[1] Adel Nadjaran Toosi Monash University Jungmin Son University of Melbourne
Rajkumar Buyya University of Melbourne.Co published by the IEEE CS and
IEEE Com Soc September/October 2018 2325-6095/18/$33.00 USD ©2018 IEEE
[2] Hongming Cai, Senior Member, IEEE, Boyi Xu, Member, IEEE, Lihong Jiang,
Member, IEEE, and Athanasios V. Vasilakos, Senior Member, IEEE. 2327-4662
(c) 2016 IEEE.
[3] Chanda Rajurkar, S R S Prabaharan, S.Muthulakshmi MTech, Embedded System,
VIT Chennai Campus, 600127, India School of Electronics Engineering, VIT
Chennai Campus, 600127, India. 978-1-5090-5913-3/17/$31.00_c 2017 IEEE
[4] Vamsikrishna Patchava1, Hari Babu Kandala2, P Ravi Babu3, Department of
ECE1, Department of EEE2, Centre for Advanced Studies in Electronics Science
& Technology3 RGUKT-Nuzvid1, MVSREC2, University of Hyderabad3 2015
International Conference on Smart Sensors and Systems (IC-SSS).

[5] Vikas Kumawat1, Shubham Jain2, Vikram Vashisth3, Neha Mittal4,Bhupendra

Kumar Jangir5 B K Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology 2017 2nd
International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT) 978-1-5090-
4307-1/17/$31.00 ©2017 IEEE

[6] International Conference on Energy, Communication, Data Analytics and Soft

Computing (ICECDS-2017) 978-1-5386-1887-5/17/$31.00 ©2017 IEEE
[7] Ishita Gupta1, Varsha Patil2, Chaitali Kadam3, Shreya Dumbre4 Face Detection
and Recognition using Raspberry Pi 2016 IEEE International WIE Conference on
Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE) 19-21 December 2016,
AISSMS, Pune, India

[8] Fania Mokhayeri , Student Member, IEEE, Eric Granger , Member, IEEE,
and Guillaume-Alexandre Bilodeau , Member, IEEE IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON
INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY, VOL. 14, NO. 3, MARCH
2019
[9] Abhijith Punnappurath, Ambasamudram Narayanan Rajagopalan, Senior Member,
IEEE, Sima Taheri, Student Member, IEEE, Rama Chellappa, Fellow, IEEE, and
Guna Seetharaman, Fellow, IEEE. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE
PROCESSING, VOL. 24, NO. 7, JULY 2015
[10] Yun-Fu Liu ; Jing-Ming Guo ; Po-Hsien Liu ; Jiann-Der Lee ; Chen-Chieh Yao
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Year:2018

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