Summary of Annotations

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The basic symbols used in a number system are called

numerals

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The decimal number system has ten numerals

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In a

number, the leftmost bit is called the most significant bit and the

rightmost bit is called the least significant bit, owing to the

weight assigned by the position

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The basic distinguishing feature of a numbering system is its

base or radix

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The base indicates the number of distinct

symbols or numerals used to represent quantities in that

number system

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In digital electronic systems, a base-2 system

could be implemented with better convenience than a base-10

system.

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base-8 (octal) or base-16

(hexadecimal) is typically used in representing large numbers.

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A binary digit is given the name bit.

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There are three basic characteristics of any number system;

 BASE (OR RADIX).

 POSITION VALUE.

 DIGIT VALUE.
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The base of a numbering system is the total number of unique

characters or marks within that system

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Each position in a number has a value of BX where B is the

base and X is some exponent.

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Any number,

except zero, when raised to the zero power is equal to one

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each position

is ten times greater than the preceding position

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Each digit in a number has a value which exists between zero

and the value of the base minus one.

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a number
raised to a negative exponent is equivalent to one over

that number raised to a positive exponent.

10-2 = 1/102 or 1/100

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A number with any

higher magnitude can be expressed using a system of

positional weighting

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The position of a digit, counting from the right hand end,

determines its weight

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The base-8 number system is called octal

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The base-16 number system is called hexadecimal and it

comprises 16 symbols

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The remainder, when

recorded in the reverse order, would read the binary equivalent.

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DECIMAL TO BINARY CONVERSION

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DECIMAL TO OCTAL CONVERSION

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DECIMAL TO HEXADECIMAL CONVERSION

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BINARY TO DECIMAL CONVERSION

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BINARY TO OCTAL CONVERSION
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BINARY TO HEXADECIMAL CONVERSION

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OCTAL TO BINARY CONVERSION

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OCTAL TO DECIMAL CONVERSION

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HEXADECIMAL TO BINARY CONVERSION

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OCTAL TO HEXA DECIMAL CONVERSION

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HEXADECIMAL TO OCTAL CONVERSION

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HEXADECIMAL TO DECIMAL CONVERSION