Good morning everyone, my name is Ngoc Mai B.

Before starting, I have a

question for you: “Have you ever been sick?” “And who are there for you when
you are sick?” “Perhaps you forgot that besides you, there is the immune system
that always protects you.” Today, my team will talk about Adaptive immunity.
Let’s me introduce our team: Taxi Mai Linh with the slogan: “For the safest ride
with the greatest guide.” Now, we will be your tour guide today. We will lead you
from the starting point until the final destination. Let’s start our tour.
Adaptive immunity has two components: humoral immunity and cell-mediated
immunity. Humoral immunity involves B cells (B lymphocytes), while cell-
mediated immunity involves T cells (T lymphocytes). Now, I’m going to talk
about humoral immunity and then, my partners, Linh will tell you about cell-
mediated immunity. B cells are made in the bone marrow. After that, they travel
via the bloodstream to peripheral lymphoid organs like the spleen or lymph nodes.
As we know, the main function of B cells is the recognition of antigens. On the
surface of B cells, there are receptors which are called B receptors. These have a
function of binding onto antigens, such as bacterium, virus, fungus and toxin. The
body recognizes all of them as foreign substances. Once a specific antigen is bound
onto the B cell receptor, this is what happens: The B cell matures into another cell
called a plasma cell. It is the plasma cell that produces antibodies. Antibodies are
also called immunoglobulins. Immunoglobulins includes IgM, IgA, IgG, IgE and
IgD. I have a tip to help you remember the names of these antibodies in sequence:
“GAMED”. Once maternal immunoglobulin IgG, crosses the placenta to provide
immunity for newborns. IgA lines the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract and
respiratory tract. In other words, IgA has the function of protecting the respiratory
tract, digestive tract, urogenital tract. IgM appears early in the adaptive immune
response to the antigen, capable of causing strongly complement activation.
Another, IgE, is important in allergic reactions and in fighting parasitic infections.
Finally, IgD increases in chronic infections. On the other hand, antibodies not only
destroy the virus but remain in the blood so that when the virus reappears, at a later
time, you have adaptive immunity to it. Another example of adaptive immunity is
vaccination. You are given an injection of killed virus that doesn’t make you ill,
but stimulates your B cells to secrete antibodies against that virus so that if you are
exposed to it at a later time, you will have adaptive immunity. In the following,
Linh will continue to introduce about another components of humoral immunity,
cell-mediated immunity.
Clean food can help you improve your immune system such as: vegetable, fruit (
like pineapple, avocado..), yoghurt, and so on… Hopefully all of you have a really
strong immune system.
The final destination is a mini game: “Beep beep”.