COEFFICIENT INEQUALITY FOR A SUBCLASS OF ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS USING

SUBORDINATION METHOD WITH EXTREMAL FUNCTION

Gaganpreet Kaur1, Gurmeet Singh2

1
Research scholar, Department of Mathematics, Punjabi University, Patiala.
2
Department of Mathematics, GSSDGS Khalsa College Patiala

Email: kaurgaganpreet91@gmail.com1, meetgur111@gmail.com2

ABSTRACT : Here we introduced a new advance subclass P ,   of class P  of analytic functions
by using principle of subordination also obtained its sharp upper bound and Fekete Szego inequality for

function f  z   z  a n z n , z  1.
n2

Keywords: Analytic functions, Bounded functions, Fekete Szego Inequality, Univalent function.

INTRODUCTION


The class of function of the form f  z   z  a n z n , which are analytic in the unit disk
n2

E  z : z  1 are denoted by class A


The class of function of the form f  z   z  a n z n , which are analytic and univalent in the unit disk
n2

E  z : z  1 are denoted by class S.

In (1916), Bieberbach [4, 5] proved a very useful result for the function of class S i.e. if f z   S then
a2  2. after this he stated that this result is also true for all values of n. If f z   S then
an  n n  
In (1923), Lowner [2] proved the above result for third coefficient that a3  3 . And it was natural to
find out some relation between a 3 and a 22 for the class S this famous relation was obtained by Fekete
and Szego [6] with the help of Lowner’s method.

3  4 if  0

   2 
Let f z   S , then a3  a2  1  exp 
2
 if 0   1
  1  
4  3 if  1
This inequality is very much helpful in obtaining estimates of higher coefficients for some subclasses of S
(See Chhichra [1], Babalola [3]).

Now we define some subclasses of S

A function f z  A is convex function if it is univalent in E and f E  is a convex domain. We

denote the class of convex functions by K.

For a function f z   A if there exists a function


g  z    bk z k , Re b1   0
k 1

which is univalent and starlike in E such that

 zf ' z  
Re    0, z  E
 g z  

This class of close to convex function was introduced by Kaplan in 1952 and

we denote the class of close to convex functions by C.

Analytic bounded functions: Class of analytic bounded function is of the form


wz    c n z n , w0  0, wz   1.
n 1

It is known that c1  1, c 2  1  c1 .
2

Here we have a class as

 zf '  f z  f ' z  1  z 
S   f  f z    f z   A;  , z  E  and the important subclasses of this
 f  f z  1 z 
function are

zf '  f z  f ' z   1  z 


 

 S  f  f z ,     f z   A;

  , z  E

 f  f z  1 z  

 zf '  f z  f ' z   1  Az  
 S   f  f z , A, B    f z   A;  , z  E 
 f  f z   1  Bz  
zf '  f z  f ' z   1  Az 


 

 S  f  f z ,  , A, B    f z   A;

  , z  E  Here the symbol 

 f  f z   1  Bz  

stands for subordination.
MAIN RESULTS

Theorem 1 : Let f z   S   f  f z , then

1
 2   ; if   0;

1
a3  a 2   ; if 0    1;
2

2
 1
  2 ; if   1


zf '  f z  f ' z  1  wz 

Proof: By definition of f z   S   f  f z , we have 
f  f z  1  wz 

While expanding the above series , we get

   
1  4a 2 z  6a3  6a 22 z 2    1  2a 2  2c1 z  4a 2 c1  2c12  2c 2  2a3  2a 22 z 2    
Comparing coefficients

a2  c1 and

c2  c12
a3 
2

By using above values, we obtain

1 1
a3  a 22  c 2    c1
2

2 2

by using def. of bounded analytic function we redefine the above equation as

1 1 1
a3  a 22        c1 
2

2 2 2

1
CASE 1: when   equation * can be rewritten as
2

1
a3  a 22    c1  
2

SUBCASE 1(a): when   0 the equation ** redefined as

1
a3  a 22    ( A)
2
SUBCASE 1(b): when   0 the equation ** redefined as

1
a3  a 22   ( B)
2

1
CASE 2: when   equation * can be rewritten as
2

   1 c1
1
a3  a 22    
2

SUBCASE 2(a): when   1 the equation *** redefined as

1
a3  a 22   (C )
2

SUBCASE 2(b): when   1 the equation *** redefined as

1
a3  a 22     ( D)
2

By combining the above (A,B,C,D) inequalities we get our result

1
 2   ; if   0;

1
a3  a 2   ; if 0    1;
2

2
 1
  2 ; if   1


Thus the theorem is proved.

1
 1 
st rd
The extremal function for the 1 and 3 inequality is z 1  z  z 2 
 2 

z
The extremal function for 2nd inequality is
1  2 z  4
1
Theorem 2 : Let f z   S   f  f z , A, B  then

 B  B  A  A  B
2
1 B
  ; if   ;
 4 4 B A
A B 1 B 1 B
a3  a 22   ; if  ;
 4 B A A B
 B A  B   A  B 2 1 B
  ; if 
 4 4 A B

Proof: By definition we have zf  f z  f z   1  Awz 

f  f z  1  Bwz 

By expanding the series


1  4a2 z  6a3  6a22 z 2  
   
 1   A  B c1  2a2 z  2a3  2a22   A  B c2  B 2  AB c12  2a2  A  B c1

Comparing coefficients of ()

a2 
 A  B c1
2

a3 

 A  B c2  B 2  AB c12 
4

By using above values, we get

a3  a 22 
A B 1 2
4 4

 B  AB    A  B    A  B  c1
2
 2


B 2  AB
CASE 1: when   equation * can be rewritten as
 A  B 2

a3  a 22 
A B 1
4 4
 
 B  1 A  B     A  B  c1
2 2
 

1 B
SUBCASE 1(a): when   the equation ** redefined as
BA

B  B  A A  B 2
a3  a  2
2   ( A)
4 4

1 B
SUBCASE 1(b): when   the equation ** redefined as
BA
 A B
a3  a 22   ( B)
4

B 2  AB
CASE 2: when   equation * can be rewritten as
 A  B 2

a3  a 22 
A B 1
4 4

 1  B  A  B     A  B  c1
2
 2
  

1 B
SUBCASE 2(a): when   the equation *** redefined as
A B

A B
a3  a 22   (C )
4

1 B
SUBCASE 2(b): when   the equation *** redefined as
A B

B A  B  A  B 2
a3  a 22    ( D)
4 4

By combining the above (A,B,C,D) inequalities we get our result

 B  B  A  A  B 2 ; if 1 B
    ;
 4 4 B A
 A  B 1  B 1 B
a3  a22   ; if  ;
 4 B  A A B
 B A  B   A  B 2 1 B
  ; if 
 4 4 A B

Thus the theorem is proved.

A B
 A  3B  A3B
st rd
The extremal function for the 1 and 3 inequality is z1  z
 2 

z
The extremal function for 2nd inequality is B  A1
1  2Bz  2 8

Corollary 1: Putting A  1, B  1 in above theorem, we get

 1
 2   ; if   0;

1
a3  a2   ; if 0    1;
2

2
 1
  2 ; if   1


Thus this is the result of theorem 1

REFERENCE

[1] P.N. Chichra, New subclasses of the class of close- to- convex functions, Procedure of American Mathematical
Society, 62(1977), 37-43.

[2] K. Lwner, Uber monotone Matrixfunktion, Math. Z., 38(1934), 177-216.

[3] K.O. Babalola, The fifth and sixth coefficients of close-to-convex functions, Kragujevac J. Math., 32(2009), 5-
12.

[4] L. Bieberbach, Uber einige extremal problem in Gebiete der konformen abbildung, Math., Ann., 77(1916), 153-
172.

[5] L. Bieberbach, Uber die koeffizientem derjenigen potenzreihen, welche eine schlithe abbildung des
einheitskreises vermitteln, Preuss. Akad. Wiss Sitzungsb.,138(1916), 940-955.

[6] M. Fekete and G. Szeg,8(1933): Eine bemerkung ber ungerade schlichte funktionen, J London Math. Soc., 85-
89.

[7] Z. Nehari,(1952): Conformal Mapping, Mc-Graw-Hill, Comp. Inc., New York.

[8]Gurmeet Singh (2017),“Some problems connected with subclasses of analytic functions with
specsial emphasis on coefficient problem”, Ph.D Thesis, M.M.University, Mullana. (2017)