TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE

CHAPTER 1 DISCUSSION

 Defenition of text explanation

 Social function of text explanation
 General Structure of text explanation
 Linguistic feature of text explanation

CHAPTER 2 EXAMPLE

 Global Warming
 About Snow
 Landslide
 GLOBAL WARMING

As we know now, global warming which is happening right now has a very big impact on
natural conditions, animals and humans. Well, do you know how global warming which has a
particularly serious impact on life happens? To know the process of how this phenomenon
occurs, see the following explanation.

The process starts when sunlight shines the earth where most of the heat is absorbed by the
earth and a half of it is reflected back onto the air (atmosphere). Sunshine returning to the air
is trapped by gases in the atmosphere such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, methane, water
vapor, and so on. This event is known as the greenhouse effect.

Solar radiation on the earth's atmosphere makes ozone layer get thinner and makes the
sunlight which shines the Earth become hotter. The greenhouse effect also causes the sunlight
which is reflected back onto space is reflected back into the earth. This phenomenon causes
the earth continuously getting hotter. This condition is known as global warming.
 ABOUT SNOW

The snowfall is always exciting, isn’t it? In the snowfall you can crunch through the snow,
make a snowman and play snowballs with your brother. Have you ever wondered how snow
is made, though?

Snow occurs when water vapors in the air freeze before they can turn into water. This
happens when the temperature in the clouds is very cold. Snowflakes are made up of crystals
of ice that have formed around bits of dirt in the air. The snowflakes start out very small and
grow. Each snowflake is different and might contain up to 200 crystals.
 LANDSLIDE

Landslide is a geological process that happen because of the movement of rock mass or soil
such as the fall of rocks or clumps of soil which detached from the main section of the
mountain or hill. Landslide usually happen in the mountainous areas.
Mostly landslides happen because of earthquake that moves the underground plate which
caused the element or the subsurface plate displaced, so it is causing fraction and landslide.
High rainfall during the rainy season will also caused landslide. Long duration of the rain will
occur the water evaporation on the ground surface in large amounts. The evaporation will
make pore or soil cavity, then there would be cracks on the ground. When rain falls, the rain
will infiltrate the cracks. Then, the water will accumulated at the bottom of the slope and
caused lateral movement which occur landslide.
Landslide often caused a lot of disadvantages. Landslide can make people lose their house,
lands, and properties because buried by the landslide. The worst is the loss of life because
they can’t run from the landslide. So, to prevent landslide to happen, start to care about our
environtment. We can start by planting tree and do reforestation. Plus, do not throw trash
carelessly to keep our environment clean. So, we would prevent flood and landslide during
the rainy season.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE

CHAPTER 1 DISCUSSION

 Defenition of text explanation

 Social function of text explanation
 General Structure of text explanation
 Linguistic feature of text explanation

CHAPTER 2 EXAMPLE

 Volcanic Eruption
 Forest Fire
 Tornado
 VOLCANIC ERUPTION

Volcanic eruption is a natural phenomenon that occurs due to deposition of magma in the
earth and flushed out by gas that has strong power. Volcanic eruption is one of a very
powerful disasters. Almost all of the volcanic activity relate to the zone of active seismicity
because it is directly connected with the plate boundary of the earth.
The volcanic eruption begins with the activity at plate boundary of the earth that sustains a
significant change in pressure and temperature. So, it can make the rock material around it
melted which we usually called as incandescent liquid or magma. Magma formed through
exreme hot temperature in the earth bowels. At a relative depth, a very high temperature can
make the entire material in the earth bowels melted.
When these materials melted, it produces gas that will mixed with with the magma. Magma
that will be released by volcanic eruption formed at a depth of approximately 60 to 160 KM
below the earth’s surface. Then the magma that contains gas will be under the pressure of
solid rocks that are around the crater. This pressure causes the magma erupted and move out
towards the earth’s surface.
The magma and the gas burst at the same time and create a hole which is called the main
hole. Most of the magma and other volcanic materials spurted through this main hole. After
the bursts stopped, the crater that resembles a bowl usually formed at the top of the volcano.
Meanwhile, the main hole is in the bottom of the crater.
 FOREST FIRE

Forest fire is an incident where the forest which is classified as natural ecology has
transformed caused by massive burning activity of the forest. Basically, this kind of incident
has both positive and negative impact. However, the negative impact of forest fire is more
dominant than the positive impact.
Forest fire could happen because a lot of factors, such as lightning strikes on the dry
forest because of long dry season. Long dry season also caused the water sources dried up
including the forest. Its losses water due to evapotranspiration process. Stems, tiwgs, and
dried leaves that rub againts each other could cause fire, then the fire will spread quickly.
Other factors like, human carelessness on throwing cigarette carelessly or forgot to
water the camp fire. Sometimes forest fire also happens because of volcanic activity such as
hit by lava flows or hot clouds from volcanic eruption. Forest fire also could happen
intentionally. There are some people that intentionally burn the forest to open up a new land
or other vandalism actions.
So, to prevent the forest fire we need to take a good care of the forest. We need to be
more aware that forest is really important for us as human, forest can give us oxygen that we
need to breath and also forest can prevent flood or landslide from happening. Forest also
needed by other creatures that make forest as their home.
 TORNADO

Tornado is a fast rotating column of air that forms the relationship between a cumulonimbus
cloud or in the rare event of a cumulus cloud base to the ground. Tornadoes come in many
sizes but are typically in the form a visible condensation funnel, whose narrow end touches
the earth and is often surrounded by a cloud of debris.

Most tornadoes have wind speeds of 177 km / h or more with the average reach of 75 m and
employ several kilometers before dissipating. Several tornadoes that reached wind speeds of
300-480 km / h stretch more than a mile (1.6 km) and can survive on surfaces with more than
100 km.

Although tornadoes have been observed on every continent except Antarctica, tornadoes are
more common in the United States. Tornadoes are also commonly occur in southern Canada,
south-central and eastern Asia, east-central Latin America, South Africa, northwest and
central Europe, Italy, western and southern Australia, and New Zealand.