6corrosive Sulphur

DTC
Daemisch Transformer Consult
Workshop Transformers
VLSS
Corrosive Sulphur
Actual state of Knowledge
11/2010
Dipl.-Ing. Georg Daemisch
DTC Transformer Consulting . Alte Nürnberger Str. 32 A . D – 93059 Regensburg . T +49 941 87867 . F + 49 941 87845 . daemisch@t-online.de
DTC
Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

of Knowledge
10/2010
A final conclusion about this matter cannot made at that time!
The only thing we can do in this moment is collecting the facts

and the (sometimes) different statements of the related parties
-Oil Industry
-Transformer manufacturer
-Other Specialists and Investigators
-Customers
DTC

of Knowledge
11/2010
Introduction:
The problem: A conductive layer of Copper sulphide
is formed alongside the paper starting
from the copper surface, along the
paper layers till finally from both sides
the conductive Cu2S provokes an
inter winding short circuit
A final conclusion about this matter
cannot made at that time!
The only thing we can do in this
moment is collecting the facts and the
(sometimes) different statements of
the related parties:
DTC

of Knowledge
11/2010
Known facts about forming this unwanted product:

-there is a influence of modern hydrotreated oils (since early
1990)
-Preferable it happens in Oxygen free conditions (mostly in
sealed transformers, but in open type transformers it can be
found also)
-Big influence is heat
DTC

of Knowledge
11/2010
Statement of the Manufacturers:
It is only an oil problem
DTC

of Knowledge
10/2010
Statement of the Oil Industry:
Our oil do not contain Sulphur
DTC

of Knowledge
11/2010
Informations we have:
-It seems correct, new oil does not contain sulphur
-If we take a sample of a transformer we have not new oil,
because from the first moment a chemical process is
started in the transformer, therefore we have always used
oil.
-The formation of CU2S is a highly complex process,
which is up to now not clearly understood. It is not soluble
in Oil
DTC
of Knowledge
11/2010
Other Investigations:
(Microlab Northwest Russ Crutcher, Ken Warner VP Diagnose Lars Arvison)
-The source of the sulphur is the paper.

-A big role play not declared additives in Oil (DPDS)
-The first problem is the increased solubility
-Oil solutes copper
-Other organic and inorganic materials (paint, glue,etc.)
contribute to the process. The electric field plays a role.
-Copper corrosion starts the process.
DTC

of Knowledge
11/2010
Field experience:
-The problem is always related to high temperatures
-In open transformers with extreme Oxygen consumption
it can happen also.
-The final failure is normally in zones, where cooling is
reduced (leads, not correctly cooled winding zones).
-Not all oils from all oil manufacturers have this problem
DTC

of Knowledge
11/2010
Conclusions:
-Production of CU2S is mainly a secondary effect of
inadequate cooling design.
-The mix of “new” materials in contact with oil like paints,
coatings etc. inside of tanks and radiators contributes.
- The “improved” solution capability of the modern
hydrotreated oils highlights this problem.
-DBDS is now indentified as the bad boy
DTC

of Knowledge
11/2010
Solutions:
Transformers already in use.
- control the oil conditions, test of corrosivity (IEC test)
- Checking for Oxygen consumption (open type transformers)
- Check for high temperatures (DGA C2…, C3….) (sealed type
transformers)
- Use of passivators
- Have hope
DTC

of Knowledge
11/2010
Solutions:
New transformer and specification.
The oil producer must specify all additives (No not declared additives
allowed).
•control the internal/external cooling design.
•Specifying, where possible, coated (enamelled) copper wire.
•Improved heat run with temperature probes distributed over the
winding block.
•For transformers in hot areas specify a 55K Temp rise
•Use the recommendation in the next table
•Don’t accept the cheapest solution, it may be very costly!

DTC
Daemisch
Transformer
Consult
Workshop
on
Transform
ers –
Corrosive
Sulphur
Actual
state of
Knowledge
11/2010
DTC
of Knowledge
11/2010
- Impressum
If you have further questions or require additional information, please
:
Impressum
contact us. We are always ready to support you in your duties:
DTC
Georg Daemisch
Alte Nürnberger Straße 32 a
Tel: +49 (0) 941 87867
Fax: +49 (0) 941 87845
Mobil +49 (0) 172 8909973
mailto: daemisch@didee.de
www.transformer-consulting.com

6corrosive Sulphur

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DTC

Daemisch Transformer Consult

Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

A final conclusion about this matter cannot made at that time!

The only thing we can do in this moment is collecting the facts

Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

Known facts about forming this unwanted product:

Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

Statement of the Manufacturers:

It is only an oil problem

Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

Statement of the Oil Industry:

Our oil do not contain Sulphur

Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

-The source of the sulphur is the paper.

Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

Workshop on Transformers – Corrosive Sulphur Actual state

•Don’t accept the cheapest solution, it may be very costly!

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