RATIO & PROPORTION

Ratio can be simply defined as comparison of two numbers. Ratio

is also part out of total units.

Ratio between two numbers a & b is expressed as a:b or a/b.

First term a (or numerator) is called as antecedent, Second term

b (or denominator) is called consequent.

Ration can be taken for homogeneous quantities or

heterogeneous quantities.

To find out the ratio of two quantities they must be expressed in

the same units.

If we multiply the numerator and denominator of a ratio by the

same number, ratio does not change.
a ax
 a : b  ax : bx
b bx

If we divide the numerator and denominator of a ratio by the

same number, ratio does not change.
a ( a / x) a b
 a:b  :
b (b / x) x x

 Proportion is an expression of two equal rations.

 If ratio a:b and c:d are equal they are expressed as

a : b :: c : d

 In any proportion 1st & 4th terms are called as extremes

whereas 2nd & 3rd terms are called as means.
 RATIO & PROPORTION

Find the third proportional of 16 and 24

Find the fourth proportional to 16, 4 & 4
Find the mean proportional of 32 & 2
Find a:d when a:b = 2:3, b:c =4:5, c:d = 6:7
If a:b=1:2 and b:c=3:4 find a:b:c?

70 shares are to be distributed among brokers A & B in the ratio 2 : 3. How

many shares will each of them get?

a) 40 & 30 b) 28 & 42 c) 20 & 50 d) 15 & 55

The ratio of number of males to number of females in a club is 7 : 4. If there

are 84 males in the club, the total number of members in the club is

a) 126 b)132 c)136 d)148 e)168

If a packet containing a dozen glasses is dropped, which of the following

cannot be the ratio of broken glasses to unbroken glasses?

a) 3 : 1 b) 6 : 1 c) 4 : 2 d) 5 : 7 e)1 : 5

Dividing Rs. 3200 among Pinku, Chinku, Rinku in the ratio 5:2:9
respectively, find the amount received by Chinku

a) 400 b)500 c)600 d)700

The ratio between two numbers is 12 : 13. If each number is reduced by 20,
the ratio becomes 2 : 3. Find the numbers.

a) 36, 39 b) 48, 52 c) 24, 26 d) 60, 75

Sixty metres of a uniform wire weighs 80 kg. What will 141 metres of the
same wire weigh?

a) 128 b) 148 c) 168 d) 188

In a wildlife sanctuary, elephants are more than tigers but less than wolves
in number. The wolves are equal in number to the foxes. If the foxes are 1/3
the number of deer and rabbits are the highest in number, then what is the
ratio of wolves to deer?

a) 1 : 2 b) 2 : 3 c) 1 : 3 d) 1 : 4 e) 3 : 7
The cost of 5 apples & 7 bananas is equal to the cost of 3 apples & 14
bananas. Find the ratio between the cost of 1 apple & 1 banana.

a) 2 : 10 b) 7 : 2 c) 4 : 5 d) None of the above

The annual incomes of Ambani & Adani are in the ratio of 5 : 7 and their
expenditure is in the ratio 2 : 3. Both of them saves Rs. 1000 crores at the
end of the year, Then annual income of Ambani is

a) 3500 Cr b) 5000 Cr c) 8000 Cr d) 3600 Cr

A cask contains a mixture of 49 litres if wine and water in the proportion 5 :

2. How much water must be added to it so that the ratio of wine to water
may be 7 : 4?

a) 3.5 b) 6 c) 7 d) 3 e) None of the

above

Rahul, Ravish, Rishab had total of Rs. 2750 with them, they decided to
divide this money among themselves such that 1/4th of Rahul’s share was
equal to 1/5th of Ravish’s share which in turn was equal to Rishab’s share.
How much money did Rishab receive?

a) 500 b) 1000 c) 1250 d) 1500

A mixture contains milk and water in the ratio 5:1, on adding 5 litres of
water, the ratio of milk to water becomes 5 : 2, the quantity of milk in the
mixture is

a) 16 b) 25 c) 32.5 d) 22.75

A certain amount of money was to be distributed among A & B in the ration

3 : 4, but by mistake it was distributed in the ratio of 4 : 3, By this mistake
A was benefited by Rs. 75. Find the total amount to be distributed.

a) 500 b) 525 c)575 d) 600

The ratio of first and second class train fares between two stations is 3 : 1
and that of the number of passengers travelling between the two stations by
first and second classes is 1 : 50. If on a particular day, Rs. 1325 are
collected from passengers travelling between the two stations, then the
amount collected from second class passenger is?
a) 1250 b)1000 c)850 d)750

In a box there are 1 re, 50 paise, 25 paise coins are there in the ratio of 12 :
10 : 7. The total sum of money in the box is Rs. 75/-. Find the number of 25
paise coins in the box.

a) 48 b) 72 c) 60 d) 28

The students in three classes are in the ratio 2 : 3 : 5 .If 20 students are
increased in each class, the ratio changes to 4 : 5 : 7. originally the total
number of students was

a) 50 b) 90 c) 100 d) 150

In an alloy, the ratio of copper and zinc is 5 : 2. If 1.250 kg. of zinc is mixed
in 17 kg 500 g of alloy, then the ratio of copper and zinc will be

a) 2 : 1 b) 2 : 3 c) 1 : 3 d) 3 : 2

6 man, 8 woman, 6 children complete a job for a sum of Rs. 950. if their
individuals wages are in ratio 4 : 3 : 2, the total money earned by the
children is ?

a) 195 b) 190 c) 215 d) 230

A mother divides a certain amount (in rupees) between her two sons such
that fourth part of the elder son and two-fifth part of the younger son are in
the ration 2 : 3. The amount with the mother is

a) 60 b) 90 c) 93 d) 64 e) None of
these

Salaries of three engineers are in the ration of 5: 7 : 8. If the salaries are

increased by 40 % , 50 % , 75 % respectively , then the increased salaries
are in the ratio of

a) 2:3:4 b) 2:4:5 c) 2:3:5 d) 3:4:2

In a rare coin collection, there is one gold coin for every three non gold
coins. 10 more gold coins are added to the collection and the ratio of gold
coins to non gold coins would be 1 : 2. Based on the information, the total
number of coins in the collection now becomes

a) 60 b) 50 c) 90 d) 80
Two glasses of equal volume are respectively half and three-fourths milk.
They are then filled to the brim by adding water. Their contents are then
poured into another vessel. What will be the ratio of milk to water in the
vessel?

a) 1 : 3 b) 2 : 3 c) 3 : 2 d) 5 : 3

At the start of a class, the ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls
was 3:1. During the break, 16 boys left and 6 more girls joined the class.
The ratio of the boys to the girls became 2:1. The total number of students
at the start of the class was:

a) 48 b) 54 c) 72 d) 112

The number of oranges in three baskets are in the ratio of 3 : 4 : 5. In which

ratio the no. of oranges in first two baskets must be increased so that the
new ratio becomes 5 : 4 : 3?

a) 1 : 3 b) 2 : 1 c) 3 : 4 d) 2 : 3