Relation Def:

Ordered Pair Def:

Binary Relation Definition from a Logic Perspective:

Binary Relation Definition from a Set-Theroy Perspective:

Symmetry, reflexivity, and transitivity are some interesting properties that are possessed by
relations defined on elements of the same set.

While the set-theoretic definition and the logician's definition differ at an abstract level, they
practically mean the same.
Cartesian Product Def (Set Theory):
A function is a relation between a set of inputs (called the domain) and a permissible set of
outputs (called the codomain), such that each input is related to exactly one output. We often
denote a function on one variable by ff. When xx is an element of the domain, we say that
the value of the output is f(x)f(x).

Function Def: A function is a relation in which no two different ordered pairs have the same first
coordinates (Think about Cartesian Products). A Cartesian Product is a relation, not a function.

The Domain and Range of a function are the sets of first and second coordinates, respectively.

A second definition of a function emphasizes that a function is a rule (equation) that pairs every
element x in a set D with a unique element y in a set R.

What is the difference between Range and Image? And Between Image and Graph?
Trully, you only need to remember the following ones:
Fundamental Theorem of Algebra:
Whatever the degree of the polynomial that is how many solutions we are going to have (although some of
them possibly degenerate solutions –meaning we will have to discard).

Infimum/Supremum
The infimum and supremum are concepts in mathematical analysis that generalize the notions
of minimum and maximum of finite sets. They are extensively used in real analysis, including the
axiomatic construction of the real numbers and the formal definition of the Riemann integral. The limits of
the infimum and supremum of parts of sequences of real numbers are used in some convergence tests and,
in particular, in computations of domains of convergence of power series.

What is the major difference between maximum and supremum?

Supremum is nothing but least upper bound which may not lie in the range of the function. If it lies in the
range then it is the maximum of the function. similarly, infimum is the greatest lower bound which may not
lie in the range. if it lies in the range then it is the minimum. for example consider fractional part of x whose
range is [0,1). Here least upper bound is0 which is the minimum whereas 1 is the greatest lower bound
which does not lie in the range, so there is no maximum