CHAPTER I

6-SOCKET BLUETOOTH EXTENSION CORD

Background of the Study

Nowadays we cannot deny that technology is growing rapidly. People of this generation

like to control everything remotely or everything to be automatic. The detection technique of

Bluetooth. Infrared and other wireless transmission is used for many home Automation.

Home automation is the new trend for security system. Due to Bluetooth’s cheapness,

reliability and accessibility, it is most widely supported, versatile and secure wireless standard on

the market today. Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communications technology, namely network

protocol suite, intended to replace the cables connecting portable and/or fixed devices while

maintaining high levels of security. It can be utilized between a diverse set of devices such as PDA,

mobile phones and laptops. A Bluetooth product, like a headset or watch, contains a tiny chip with

a Bluetooth radio and software that makes it easy to connect.

In this, the proponents decided to control a series of extension capable of turning on and

off by the command of an android application via Bluetooth communications.

Statement of the Problem

People gets busy having their leisure time that they forgot to do simple things such as

turning on and off appliances that causes waste of electricity and fire. In addition, aged people most

especially those PWD’s, Senior Citizen and Sick People are usually the people having a hard time

to use or to control extensions/sockets, and some extension cords are usually place where children

can’t easily reach. Plugging extension cords may be time consuming, they aren’t convenient a lot

when they make your tools or appliances work harder or cause hazards.

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Objective of the Study

A. General Objective

To design and create a 6-socket Bluetooth extension using microcontroller

B. Specific Objective

To create a device that can do the following:

1. Help PWD’s, Senior Citizen and Sick People to easily accessed sockets

2. Turn on/off specific socket

3. Control the sockets remotely and monitor the status of the sockets via

smartphone

Significance of the Study

The study will provide better and easier way of managing and operating extensions cord

using Bluetooth. The proposal project has benefits for:

Household, PWD’s, Senior Citizen and Sick People

This study will help the household to handle and to easily access their appliances with the

help of android applications thru Bluetooth.

Proponents

This study will help the proponents in understanding on what it is to develop a system and

how to create a device. Help them enhance their skills and knowledge. In terms of giving them a

background and information regarding 6-sockets Bluetooth extension cord and its significance.

Future Researcher

The system refers as learning reference for future researcher by providing information

broadening the knowledge in creating better results in the same field of study.

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Scope and Limitation

In the field of research, scope and limitations refers to parameters that prevent researchers

from pursuing further studies due to time and budgetary. As we go on to our project, we recognize

some Scope and Limitations. The scope and limitations of our project is listed below.

Scope

1. The device has 6 sockets

2. It has a Bluetooth module that can send/ receive data to the connected smartphone.

3. Can be controlled by the smartphone which have installed apps.

4. Input/output source is 220V

5. With LED to indicate what socket is being used

6. A beep sound to inform that the socket is turned on/off

7. Smartphones should have a KitKat Android version or higher

Limitation

1. The distance of the Bluetooth is dependent on the Specification of smartphone

2. Only one device can be paired.

3. Cannot change the other functionality of the device connected

4. Need continuous electric supply for the device to work.

5. The Bluetooth distance has a maximum of 30ft.

Definition of Terms

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital

input/output pins 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an

ICSP header, and a reset button

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 Relay Module is a separate hardware device used for remote device switching. With it you

can remotely control devices over a network or the Internet. Devices can be remotely powered on

or off with commands coming from Clock Watch Enterprise delivered over a local or wide area

network.

Bluetooth Module is usually a hardware component that provides a wireless product to

work with the computer, or in some cases, the Bluetooth may be an accessory or peripheral, or

wireless headphone, or another product.

Socket is an electrical device receiving a plug or light bulb to make a connection

Android Application is a software application running on the android platform. Because

the android platform is built for mobile devices, a typical Android app is designed for a smartphone

or a tablet PC running on the Android OS.

KitKat Version is a version of the Android mobile operating system develop by Google,

spanning versions between 4.4 and 4.4.4. unveiled on September 3, 2013, Kitkat focused primarily

on optimizing the operating system for improved performance on entry-level devices with limited

resources.

Smartphone is a device that lets you make telephone calls, but also adds features that you

might find on a personal digital assistant or a computer. A smartphone also offers the ability to send

and receive e-mail and edit office documents

Extension Cord is a length of flexible electrical power cable with a plug on one end and

one or more sockets on the other end. The term usually refers to mains extensions but is also used

to refer to extension for other types of cabling. If the plug and power outlet are of different types,

the term “

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 Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a p-n junction

diode, which emits light when activated. When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons

are able to recombine with electrons holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of

photons.

Arduino UNO - is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has

14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz

crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.

Bluetooth- is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances

(using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the ISM band from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz[4]) from fixed

and mobile devices, and building personal area networks (PANs).

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 CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Foreign Related Literature

Bluetooth Technology

The term Bluetooth refers to an open specification for a technology to enable short

range wireless voice and data communications anywhere in the world. Bluetooth is named

after the king of Denmark, Harald Blatand who has united Denmark and Norway (Bhagwat

et al 2000, Pekka Salonen et al 2000). Bluetooth wireless technology (BWT) was

developed by Ericsson in Sweden in 1994 to investigate the feasibility of a low power, low

cost radio interface between mobile phones and their accessories. Many companies like

Ericsson, Intel Corporation, International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation, Nokia

Corporation and Toshiba Corporation cooperated within an organization called the

Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) in 1998. 21 SIG organized itself into several

groups, each with a focus on a specific part of the technology (Jennifer Bray and Charles

Sturman 2001). BWT uses RF waves of 2.4 GHz frequency spectrum for communication.

This 2.4 GHz industrial, medical and scientific (ISM) spectrum is globally unlicensed. The

regulatory requirements and other considerations for its use were investigated by Brent

miller and Chatschik Bisdikian (2001). There have been several versions of Bluetooth, with

the most recent being 2.0 + Enhanced Data Rate (EDR) and 2.1 + EDR. While 2.0 + EDR

Karen Scarfone and John Padgette (2008) provided faster transmission speeds than

previous versions of 3 Mbits/second, 2.1 + EDR provides a significant security

improvement for link key generation and management in the form of secure simple pairing

(SSP). Bhagwat et al (2000) investigated the use of this technology for short range wireless

applications. The role of Bluetooth technology in global 3G wireless communication era

(Naveen Erasala and David Yen 2002, Sojen Pradhan et al 2005, Stallings 2003). Reggie

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 Davidrajuh (2009) used JAVA Bluetooth Wireless technology for evaluating student

performance in classroom. They explored the use of JAVA technology for developing

wireless applications and proposed a framework for identifying the processes involved in

education that can make use of mobile technology. Bluetooth technology is applied in

shipping industry (Michael Tarn et al 2009). Jihad Qaddourl and Mathew (2004) developed

a multipurpose small business model using Bluetooth technology as a component. Ratna

Kalos et al (2005) studied the application of this technology for home and office

environments.

Bluetooth Remote Home Automation System Using Android Application

In this paper, the proponents deigned a remote switching control system for home

automation via android phone application using Bluetooth technology to help fulfil the

needs the elderly and disabled persons in their homes. The Bluetooth enables the system to

communicate on the PC /laptop or smart phone with the Graphical User Interface (GUI).

In this paper, the window GUI is the one acting as a server to transmit data from/to the

smart phone and main control board after the Bluetooth on the smart phone is connected to

the PC/laptop. The system Main Control Board is the one controlling the target appliances

in the house. The PIC Microcontroller, PIC18F2550, is directly connected to the electrical

current by which separates the regulator and relay circuit.

GSM Based Home Automation System Using App – Inventor for Android

Mobile Phone

This study focuses on the design and implementation of GSM (Global System

Messaging) based secured device control system using App inventor for Android mobile

phones. In this study, the different hardware and software GSM Home Automation System

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6-Socket Bluetooth Extension Cord
 (GHAS) can be used are discussed. The proponents of this paper chose GSM and cellular

phone as the controller because of its capability of communicating in any range of distance.

Local Related Literature

Bluetooth-based Home Automation System

The work of N. Sriskanthan et al. [33] shows the implementation of a home

automation system using Bluetooth. They use a host controller implemented on a PC,

which is connected to a microcontroller-based sensor and device controllers. The

researchers even built a new protocol on top of the Bluetooth software stack, called Home

Automation Protocol (HAP), to make the communication between devices possible. The

device controller is connected to electronic devices through the I2C Bus. The system allows

more than one device controller to be connected to the host controller. The work of H.

Kanma et al. [34] also proposes a home automation system using Bluetooth that can be

accessed remotely through GPRS. The researchers use a cellphone equipped with

Bluetooth connectivity as a host controller and a GSM modem that provides Internet

connectivity. Home devices are fitted with Bluetooth communication adapters so that they

can communicate with the host controller phone via Bluetooth. The paper discusses

remotely controlling and updating home devices along with fault diagnostics and detection.

The work also talks about providing an electronics user manual on the phone using

Bluetooth and Internet.

Foreign Related Studies

Bluetooth controlled car android via android

The main objective of this project is to build a car that can be controlled from an

android app via Bluetooth communication. The project consists of two modules. It consists

of a 8051 micro controller interface to a Bluetooth module via serial port. The Bluetooth

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6-Socket Bluetooth Extension Cord
 module receives the command sent by the android app. It is designed for the car to move

left, right, forward, reverse and stop. Based on the inputs the microcontroller sends

command to H-Bridge L293D to drive the car in the require speed and direction. It consists

of an android phone having the hardware support of Gyroscope and Bluetooth. The app

detects the orientation of the Gyroscope and sends appropriate commands to the car via

Bluetooth in the phone.

The application is fixed in Landscape mode and used the two axes of the

Gyroscope i.e the heading and the roll of the operation. Heading is used to detect left/right

while roll is used to forward/reverse/stop. The compass on the screen conveniently shows

the direction in which the car is supposed to move.

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 CHAPTER III
RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGIES

The proponents use the Development method for their as it is the improvement of the

project from the past project the proponents build. The proponents use another device of

microprocessor in adding new features and functions that could really improving their

project.

They conceptualize a framework in which part of the developing process will be

enhanced for the proponent’s project. They gathered ideas, and plans, then look for a

device which will fit to the user needs. After analyzing, developing and design

implementation, the " 6-SOCKET BLUETOOTH EXTENSION CORD” is made; the

said process can be manipulated by pairing the android device and the Bluetooth module

to be able to control the movement of the handheld vacuum cleaner without making the

user move from where they are currently standing.

A. Methods of Research Used

The proponents use “waterfall Method’ to represent the step by step procedure of

the development of the project. Waterfall Method is a form of data visualization that helps

in understanding the cumulative effect of sequential introduce positive or negative values.

This model has 6 steps these are: Planning, Analyzing, Design and Development, Testing

and Debugging, Implementation and Maintenance.

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 Figure 3.1 The Waterfall Method of Bluetooth Controlled extension 6 CH

Planning

The proponents first step in method of research is planning, planning that includes

the materials needed for the project, data and the information.

The proponents study the problem and objective by collecting/gather information

by internet and assigned each of the member to do task regarding to the system and estimate

the time that will be accumulated doing the project.

Analysis

The proponents came up with an idea to use Bluetooth module to control the

switching of extension cord. The HC-05 Bluetooth module can only cover the range of 9

meters or 30 feet.

Design and Development

The proponents use the gathered information to complete the required components

of the device and think for the necessary design and programming that is easy to use and

control. Searching for bugs, errors and try to find out the best solution can suggest.

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 Testing and Debugging

The proponents do a trial and error testing to ensure that the system is working

perfectly, especially the Bluetooth module and Arduino.

Implementation

The proponents used Arduino Uno, HC-05 Bluetooth module, Three (3) Relay

module, Voltage regulator and capacitor for the LEDs. The proponents use Arduino C++

and Android studio as platform for the application needed to control the device.

Maintenance

Check the Arduino, Bluetooth module and other components daily, to know if it’s

working properly and if there’s barriers that causes the Bluetooth to not work appropriately.

B. Source of Data

The sourcing of the data is done through internet research from different website like

google, Wikipedia etc. and The proponents conducted a house to house interview to get ideas

and suggestion regarding the use extension cord. All this data and information helps us to

formulate a solution that can be useful in designing the proposed project.

C. Data Gathering Procedures

Data gatherings were done through a series of interviews and observation. These were

conducted to further expand the data acquired from the research. The data gathered from the

interviews and observations helped the proponents to come up with the desired application and

layout of the project.

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 D. Conceptual Framework

Input Process Output

Smartphone Connect socket to

Turn off/on
turn off/on

Figure 3.2 Shows the conceptual framework of system from the input of the smartphone to

the process to connect the socket for turning on and off.

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 CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

A. Design and Development of the System

A.1 Hardware

A.1.1 Block Diagram

Input Process Output

Smartphone
Bluetooth Module
(KitKat version) Arduino
6-socket extension

Figure 4.1. The Block Diagram of Bluetooth Extension Cord

Figure 4.1 shows the block diagram of the system. The Input data is from the smartphone

that will be sent to the Arduino. Then, the Arduino executes the program and sends its output to the

Bluetooth module as it triggers the corresponding socket base on the data that Arduino sent.

A.1.2 Materials

Arduino Uno

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6-Socket Bluetooth Extension Cord
 Bluetooth Module

Relay Module

LED Resistors

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 Arduino Cable Arduino Wire Male-Male

A.1.3 Schematic Diagram

Figure 4.3 Shows the Schematic Diagram of Bluetooth Extension Cord

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 A.2 Software

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial mySerial(0, 1); //Pin1 TX ,Pin 0 RX connected to-- > Bluetooth TX, RX

#define relay1 2

#define relay2 3

#define relay3 4

#define relay4 5

#define relay5 6

#define relay6 7

#define led1 10

#define led2 11

#define led3 8

#define led4 9

#define led5 12

#define led6 13

char val;

void setup()

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 { pinMode(relay1, OUTPUT);

pinMode(relay2, OUTPUT);

pinMode(relay3, OUTPUT);

pinMode(relay4, OUTPUT);

pinMode(relay5, OUTPUT);

pinMode(relay6, OUTPUT);

pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);

pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);

pinMode(led3, OUTPUT);

pinMode(led4, OUTPUT);

pinMode(led5, OUTPUT);

pinMode(led6, OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(relay1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(relay2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(relay3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(relay4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(relay5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(relay6, HIGH);

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 digitalWrite(led1, LOW);

digitalWrite(led2, LOW);

digitalWrite(led3, LOW);

digitalWrite(led4, LOW);

digitalWrite(led5, LOW);

digitalWrite(led6, LOW);

mySerial.begin(9600);

Serial.begin(9600);

void loop()

{ //cek data serial from bluetooth android App

if ( mySerial.available() > 0 )

val = mySerial.read();

Serial.println(val);

//Relay is on

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 if ( val == '1' )

digitalWrite(relay1, LOW);

digitalWrite(led1, HIGH);

else if ( val == '2' )

digitalWrite(relay2, LOW);

digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);

else if ( val == '3' )

digitalWrite(relay3, LOW);

digitalWrite(led3, HIGH);

else if ( val == '4' )

digitalWrite(relay4, LOW);

digitalWrite(led4, HIGH);

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 }

if ( val == '5' )

digitalWrite(relay5, LOW);

digitalWrite(led5, HIGH);

if ( val == '6' )

digitalWrite(relay6, LOW);

digitalWrite(led6, HIGH);

//relay all on

else if ( val == '9' )

{ digitalWrite(relay1, LOW);

digitalWrite(relay2, LOW);

digitalWrite(relay3, LOW);

digitalWrite(relay4, LOW);

digitalWrite(relay5, LOW);

digitalWrite(relay6, LOW);

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 digitalWrite(led1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led6, HIGH);

//relay is off

else if ( val == 'A' )

digitalWrite(relay1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led1, LOW);

else if ( val == 'B' )

digitalWrite(relay2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led2, LOW);

else if ( val == 'C' )

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 digitalWrite(relay3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led3, LOW);

else if ( val == 'D' )

digitalWrite(relay4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led4, LOW);

else if ( val == 'E' )

digitalWrite(relay5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led5, LOW);

else if ( val == 'F' )

digitalWrite(relay6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led6, LOW);

//relay all off

else if ( val == 'I' )

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 { digitalWrite(relay1, HIGH);

digitalWrite(relay2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(relay3, HIGH);

digitalWrite(relay4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(relay5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(relay6, HIGH);

digitalWrite(led1, LOW);

digitalWrite(led2, LOW);

digitalWrite(led3, LOW);

digitalWrite(led4, LOW);

digitalWrite(led5, LOW);

digitalWrite(led6, LOW);

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 A.2.1 Flowchart

Figure 4.3 Shows the Flowchart of Bluetooth Extension Cord

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 A.2.2 Programming Language and Version Android

The proponents use assembly language in this project because

The proponents find it more compatible to the components that were used.

A.2.3 Screen Layout

Figure 4.4 Shows the Users Interface of Bluetooth Android Application

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 B. The Effectiveness of the System in Terms of Accuracy

Legend:

✔- If actual output is the same with the expected output

✖-If actual output is not the same with the expected output

Table 1: Testing of Accuracy in terms of on/off the devices

TRIAL ACTION EXPECTED ACTUAL Remarks

OUTPUT OUTPUT

1 PRESS ON ALL ALL DEVICES ALL DEVICES ✔

WILL TURN ON TURNED ON

2 PRESS OFF ALL ALL DEVICES ALL DEVICES ✔

DEVICES WILL TURN OFF TURNED OFF

3 PRESS 1 TO TURN DEVICE ON TURNED ON/OFF ✔

ON/OFF SOCKET SOCKET 1 WILL SOCKET 1

TURN 0N/OFF

4 PRESS 2 TO TURN DEVICE ON TURNED ON/OFF ✔

ON/OFF SOCKET SOCKET 2 WILL SOCKET 2

TURN 0N/OFF

5 PRESS 3 TO TURN DEVICE ON TURNED ON/OFF ✔

ON/OFF SOCKET SOCKET 3 WILL SOCKET 3

TURN 0N/OFF

6 PRESS 4 TO TURN DEVICE ON TURNED ON/OFF ✔

ON/OFF SOCKET SOCKET 4 WILL SOCKET 4

TURN 0N/OFF

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 7 PRESS 5 TO TURN DEVICE ON TURNED ON/OFF ✔

ON/OFF SOCKET SOCKET 5 WILL SOCKET 5

TURN 0N/OFF

8 PRESS 6 TO TURN DEVICE ON TURNED ON/OFF ✔

ON/OFF SOCKET SOCKET 6 WILL SOCKET 6

TURN 0N/OFF

9 PRESS 1,2 & 3 TO DEVICE ON TURNED ON/OFF ✔

TURN ON/OFF SOCKET 1,2, & 3 SOCKET 1,2, & 3

SOCKET WILL TURN

0N/OFF

10 PRESS 4,5 & 6 TO DEVICE ON TURNED ON/OFF ✔

TURN ON/OFF SOCKET 4,5, & 6 SOCKET 4,5, & 6

SOCKET WILL TURN

0N/OFF

Table 1: Shows the Accuracy in terms of on/off the devices. The results show that the

expected output meets the actual output at all action.

Table 2: Testing of accuracy in terms of Bluetooth connectivity in different phone

TRIAL ACTION EXPECTED ACTUAL REMARKS

OUTPUT OUTPUT

1 OPEN BLUETOOTH BLUETOOTH VISIBLE TO THE ✔

CONNECTION IN DEVICE WILL BE OTHER

VISIBLE BLUETOOTH

DEVICE

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 2 CONNECT TO WILL CONNECT CONNECTED TO ✔

AVAILABLE TO THE THE BLUETOOTH

BLUETOOTH BLUETOOTH DEVICE

DEVICE DEVICE

Table 2: Shows the Accuracy in terms of Bluetooth connectivity in different phone. The

Results show that the expected output meet the actual output at all action.

Table 3: Testing of accuracy in terms of Bluetooth connection to the application

TRIAL ACTION EXPECTED ACTUAL REMARKS

OUTPUT OUTPUT

1 CONNECT FIRST WILL CONNECT CONNECTED ✔

SMARTPHONE TO THE SMARTPHONE TO THE

THE APPLICATION TO THE SMARTPHONE

APPLICATION APPLICATION

2 CONNECT WILL NOT NOT ✔

ANOTHER CONNECT THE CONNECTED

SMARTPHONE TO SMARTPHONE TO TO THE

THE APPLICATION THE APPLICATION SMARTPHONE

APPLICATION

Table 3: Shows the Accuracy in terms of Bluetooth connection to the application. The

results show that the expected output meet the actual output at all action.

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 CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary

The proponents start with gathering of all necessary data through on different websites in

the internet. After the collection of enough data, the proponents decided to prepare all the materials

needed in the project in accordance with the standards required by the proposed project. By

following the circuit diagram; the researchers put all the materials and resources together. The

program code needed to run the project was then transferred to the Arduino UNO, with the

correction to the program when so that no problem will occur during operating procedure. Then,

testing was conducted to ensure if its functioning properly; and record the outcomes of the actions.

The research paper was made, recorded and modified accordingly while the proposed

project was being made some adjustment in finalizing the proposed project for the benefit of the

future readers and researchers who will perform or maybe improve the project in the future

Conclusion

The proponents have introduced design and implementation of a low cost, flexible and

wireless solution to the home automation. The system is secured for access from any user or

intruder. The are expected to acquire pairing passwords for the Arduino BT and the cellphone to

access the home appliances. This adds a protection from unauthorized users. This system can be

used as a test bed for any appliances that requires on-off switching applications without any

internet connection.

The full functionality of the home automation systems was tested and the wireless

communication between the cellphone and Arduino BT was found to be limited less than 30 ft.

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Recommendation

Innovations are always around the corner, it is in the part of those researchers on ow they

can innovate things. The proponents design a project and took some risk to attain a valuable output,

they consider a certain aspect where a project must be created with a certain purpose, in every

project there will be encountered some problems, but always bear in mind that there is always a

room for innovation and improvements.

The proponents recommend the future researcher to add an additional feature to the project

which are the following:

1. To upgrade the wireless communication by switching from Bluetooth to WI-FI connection.’

2. To increase the number of sockets so that the user can be comfortable enough to carry and can

plug more appliances.

3. Use voltage regulator to prevent power surge.

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 32
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