RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

SYNOPSIS
FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

1 Name of the Candidate Ms. Mamta Minj

2 Name of the Institution Diana College of Nursing

No.68, chokkanahalli, jakkur post,
Bangalore-64

3 Course of Study and Subject Masters of Science in Nursing

Obstetrical & Gynaecological nursing

4 Date of Admission to Course 15/6/2011

Assess the effectiveness of video assisted

teaching of iron deficiency anaemia among
5 Title of the Topic primigravidae mothers attending selected
hospitals, Bangalore, Karnataka

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6. BRIEF RESUME OF INTENTED WORK

INTRODUCTION

Pregnancy is a unique, exciting and often joyous time in women’s life as

highlights the womans amazing creative and naturing power while providing a bridge
to the future. The pregnant women needs to be a responsible womans so as to be best
of her support the health of her future. A first pregnancy is like any other first
experience. The expectant mother feels curious and concern about the changes ahead.
Even the most carefully planned educational programme sometimes may not fully
relieve the tension. Nurses play a vital role in helping a woman achieve a healthy and
successful pregnancy by supporting, nurturing, educating and caring for the pregnant
mother and her family1.

The world Health Organization (WHO) has been concerned with the global
problem of nutritional anaemia for many year. The first FAO/WHO joint committee on
nutrition meeting held in 1949 discussed the importance of nutrition anaemia and
recommended that funds should be provided for its study (Mother care matters,1999).
The first research in nutrional in anaemia was sponsored in 1955 and the first
international meeting was called in 1958. The WHO still has an important role to play
in the field, encouraging the development of anaemia control programmes and
providing advice and technical assistance to member countries. 2

Iron deficient-anaemia is nowadays the world’s most prevalent nutritional problem,

particularly during the pregnancy. And it is one of the most frequent complications
related to pregnancy. Anaemia during pregnancy continues to be a common clinical
problem with high rates of prevalence (35 to 75%) in many developing countries. The
major concern about the adverse effects of anaemia on pregnant woman is a greater
risk of prenatal mortality and morbidity for the population. Anaemia was previously
reported to contribute significantly to maternal mortality and to both maternal and fetal
morbidity. Furthermore, anaemia during pregnancy is a risk factor of iron deficiency
anaemia for infant3

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 Pregnancy makes considerable nutritional demand on the mother. As a consequence
anaemia is very common particularly when consecutive pregnancies are not well spaced,
the presence of anaemia increase morbidity, the risk of infection and the hazards of post-
partum haemorrhage4.
.
The national five year plan has set the goal of reducing the prevalence of anaemia
by 25% among pregnant mother (Government of India 2002).National Programmes and
institutional approaches are brought undertaken to achieve the goal .It is recommended
that daily supplementation with 4mg of folic acid be started at least one month before
conception and continued through the first trimester.4

6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY

Pregnancy is a most happy event for any women. There is a joy and celebration and
it is when women receive good wishes and she is made to feel very important and is
provided with undivided attention. She feels special and content over the period. She feels
over protected and treated like a queen with all care.

According to Indian health care statistics 1993-2003 the prevalence of anaemia in

antenatal mother was 87%. India has a unacceptable mortality rate 540 per 1, 00,000 live
birth and has been estimated that about 16% of the maternal death are due to Anaemia .In
developing country it is estimated that approximately 21% of women are anaemic but in
developing world this figure may be as high as 50% and this contributes to the high rate of
maternal mortality. In 1995 a study conducted in V.N. Desai Municipal Hospital Mumbai,
found that out of 150 pregnant women attending the hospital 63% women are anaemic.5

According to Rural Health Mission 2011: RANCHI: Jharkhand has the highest
number of anaemic women in the country. According to the National Family Health
Survey (NFHS III), 70.6% women between the age group of 15 and 49 are anaemic, “In
fact, India has the highest number of anaemic girls in the world with the national average
being 56.2% and Jharkhand has the highest number of such cases," said Unisef state head
Job Zacharia.6

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 Anaemia is a major factor in women’s health, especially reproductive health in
developing countries. Severe anaemia during pregnancy is an important contributor to
maternal mortality, as well as to the low birth weight which is in turn an important risk
factor for infant mortality. Even moderate anaemia makes women less able to work and
care for their children. The causes of anaemia are multi-factorial, including diet, infection
and genetics, and for some of the commonest causes of anaemia there is good evidence of
the effectiveness of simple interventions for example, iron supplementation, long-lasting
insecticide nets and intermittent preventive treatment for malaria, hookworm infestation
has long been recognized among the major cause of anaemia in poor communities, but
understanding of the benefits of the management of hookworm infestation in pregnancy
has lagged behind the other major causes of maternal anaemia.7

A high proportion of women in both industrialized and developing countries become

anaemic during pregnancy. Estimates from the World Health Organization report that
from 35% to 75 % (56% on average) of pregnant women developing countries and 18% of
women from industrialized countries are anaemic.8

Iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy is notoriously responsible for intra

uterine growth retardation and intra uterine death, birth of very low birth weight infant,
peri-natal morbidity and bleeding delivery. It is responsible for 30%of maternal death
during child birth. It is also a contributory factor to the major reported causes of maternal
death ,such as haemorrhage (24%) and sepsis (81%). According to WHO (2001)Anaemia
has been implicated as contributing in up to 40% of maternal death in third- world
countries.9

Anaemia affects over 700 million people of world wide, causing tiredness, poor
quality of life and low productivity. For the pregnant woman, anaemia can be particularly
devastating, if she is severely anaemic , it can lead to still birth or low birth weight for the
baby and death for the woman. Most of the maternal complications result from a Iron and
Folic Acid deficiency.10

Estimates suggest that over one third of the world’s population suffer from anaemia
mostly iron deficiency anaemia .In the united states 7% of toddlers ages 1-2 year old 9-

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16% of menstruating women are iron deficient in the poor countries in the world . 30-70%
of the world people have iron deficiency anaemia.11

National Health and Household Survey (NHHS) at Indonesia reveals that 45.8% of
the males and 57.1% of females in age groups of 10-14 years and 58.3%of the male and
39.3% of the female aged 15-44 years were suffering from Iron deficiency anaemia. For
the above reasons the investigator felt that there is a need to assess the knowledge of
expectant mother regarding Iron deficiency. She also felt that Video Assisted teaching can
help the mothers to take suitable measures to correct or prevent from iron deficiency
Anaemia.12

6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Review of related literature is an integral component of any study or research

project. It enhances the depth of knowledge and inspires a clear insight into the crux of the
problem. Literature review throws light on the studies and their findings reported about the
problem under study.

The literature review was based on an extensive survey of books, journals and
Medline search. A review of research and non research literature relevant to the study was
taken, which helped the investigator to develop deeper insight into the problem and gain
information on what has been done in the past. Here the review of literature related to the
purpose of the present study has been divided under the following areas.

1. Literature related to the incidence of Iron deficiency anaemia

2. Literature related to management and prevention of Iron among primigravida

mothers.

3. Literature related to the knowledge on Iron deficiency anaemia among

primigravida mothers.

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4. Literature related to Effectiveness of teaching programme on Iron deficiency
anaemia.

Literature related to the incidence of Iron deficiency anaemia.

India perhaps has the highest prevalence of anaemia due to iron deficiency, ranging
between 50-90% among pregnant women according to Indian Council of Medical
Research (ICMR) and other research agencies. 13

The national family health survey (NFH-2) was the first national survey to measure
haemoglobin levels of pregnant women aged 15-49 years. According to NFHS-2 anaemia
among pregnant womans was 49%.13

Iron deficiency anaemia is the leading course of morbidity among vast section of
people, especially in developing countries. In 1998-99 data on iron deficiency anaemia
and malnutrition among 90,000 ever married women in the reproductive age group of 15-
49 years and their children age below 3 years were collected by directly measuring
haemoglobin level. A total 92466 households were surveyed of which two-third were in
rural area(NFHS-2 data ).Prevalence of moderate anaemia was higher among teenage
women being 18% followed by 17%among women in the age group among 20-24.14

Iron deficiency anaemia affect more then 3-5 billion people in the developing world.
In developing countries 56% of pregnant women and 53% of non pregnant are affected by
iron deficiency anaemia only 18% of pregnant women and 12% of non pregnant suffers
from anaemia in industrialized countries.15

The department of family welfare conduct a research study in seven states

namely Tamil Nadu, Kerala. In Tamil Nadu more than 90% women were anaemic in both
the groups whereas among pregnant women. 58% in Kerala and 68% in Himachal Pradesh
were anaemic while anaemia/ iron deficiency anaemia.13

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Literature related to management and prevention of Iron deficiency anemia
among antenatal mothers.

A study was conducted on the occurrence, prevention and treatment of anaemia

during pregnancy in western societies. Iron deficiency anaemia, (IDA) is the most prevalent
deficiency disorder and most frequent form of anaemia in pregnant women. Minor causes
of anaemia are vitamin B12 deficiency, haemoglobinopathy and haemolytic anaemia.
Anaemia is defined as haemoglobin of L< 110 g/L in the first and third trimester and
<105g/L in the second trimester. Requirements of absorbed iron increase during pregnancy
from 0.8 mg/ day in the first trimester to 7.5 mg/day in the third trimester, on the average
approximately 4.4 mg /day, and dietary measures are inadequate to reduce the frequency of
pre partum IDA. However, IDA is efficiently prevented by oral iron supplements in doses
of 30-40 mg ferrous iron taken between meals from early pregnancy to delivery. Treatment
of IDA should aim at replenishing body iron deficits by oral and / or intravenous
administration of iron. Treatment with intravenous iron is superior to oral iron with respect
to the haematological response. Intravenous iron is considered safe in the II and III
trimester. Profound IDA has serious consequences for both women and fetus and requires
prompt intervention with intravenous iron. This is especially important for the safety of the
women for various reasons appose blood transfusion.26

A study conducted on antenatal mothers in Nigeria to ascertain food restriction .60

antenatal mothers were randomly selected for this study found that certain food like milk
cow peas and fruits were avoided as an intervention in the study . Many of this food
provide key nutrients including iron. Result of the study revealed that reduction in iron
containing food can induce the reduction of haemoglobin level. Hence the study concludes
that regular intake of iron containing food can reduce the incidence of anaemia.9

An experimental study was conducted to determine the effects of severe

antenatal maternal anaemia on pregnancy outcome. A retrospective study comparing 2
groups of pregnant women : 111 (pregnant women) with anaemia (Hb < 8 g/dl), 111
non- anaemic pregnant women (Hb >10 g/dl). The study results show that, in the
anaemic group: iron deficiency was the most common cause of anaemia (92.7%).
There was no significant difference between the 2 groups with respect to age or parity.
Maternal anaemia was found to be significantly associated with more frequent preterm
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birth (29.2% vs. 9.2%) and increased low birth weight (2933 g vs. 3159 g). This study
concludes that severe anaemia in pregnancy may have adverse effects for the newborn and
should be treated or prevented early in pregnancy.16

A descriptive study was conducted on treatment on iron deficiency anaemia in

pregnant women in Bangladesh. The findings of the study shows that out of 328 pregnant
women screened prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia were 77.5%. The iron tablets twice
in a week were given as an active intervention for this study. After two weeks of
intervention study results shows that iron deficiency anaemia can be treated by giving iron
tablets or supplementation. This study concludes that iron tablets can be used as an
effective management for iron deficiency anaemia.10

An experimental study was conducted on treatment strategies on the patients with

iron Deficiency anaemia, in America. The study results shows that increase intake iron
with appropriate follow up will help to increase the haemoglobin level. Hence the study
concludes that iron supplementation with proper follow up can reduce the prevalence of
iron deficiency anaemia.17

Every woman need iron supplementation during pregnancy and hence, the
Government of India has evolved National Anaemia Prophylaxis Programme which is
operational since 1972 and it is aimed at distribution of iron tablets containing 60mg of
elemental iron and 500mg of folic acid daily during last 100 days of pregnancy.18

Literature related to the knowledge on Iron deficiency anaemia among primi-gravida

mothers.

A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of anaemia in

pregnancy in Gombe, among 461 women. The capillary technique was used for the
estimation of the PCV. The biosocial characteristics (age, party, and social class and
gestational age) at booking were obtained and analyzed. 239 were anaemic; a prevalence
of anaemia at booking was 51.8%. 67.4% was mildly anaemic, 30.5% were moderately
anaemic while 2.1% has severe anaemia. Most, 316 (68.5%) of the women booked in the
second trimester while only 3.0% booked in the first trimester. 293(63.5%) were in the
lower social class. Anaemia gravidarum are in the lower social class. Educational and
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economic empowerment of the women is the key to reducing the overall prevalence of
anaemia to the barest minimum.19

The study was done in khayelitsha, South Africa an urban community located 40 km
east to cope town, which is home to black African population of-300,000 people. The study
is done on mother between 18 and 30 year old. 500 women initially contacted at the clinical
regarding participation, 280 mothers were screened on the basis of inclusion criteria of
these 95 mothers were enrolled into the study.20

A study was conducted regarding Iron deficiency anaemia and it was revealed that
the lack of knowledge by the women of reproductive age group. The findings of the study
showed that, these women had inadequate knowledge regarding Iron deficiency anaemia.21

The cross sectional study was carried out in three villages of Nainital District,
Uttarakhand. The study was confined to the women of age group of 18-45 years. A total of
223 women were selected randomly. Their knowledge was tested and socio-demographic
and nutritional profile was recorded. From the outcome of study it was observed that mean
percent knowledge score of subjects was 23.28. Knowledge scores were found to be
increasing with decreasing age and they were significantly associated with educational
status. Mean height of subjects was 151.21 cm and mean weight of subjects was 48.76 kg.
BMI calculations revealed that 41 % subjects were suffering from various degrees of
malnutrition. Conclusion was that knowledge of rural women was found to be very poor in
regard of nutritional anaemia; nutritional status of as high as 41 % subjects was
unsatisfactory. To eradicate the problem of nutritional anaemia a more intense awareness
campaign is required in the region.22

In Gujarat, giddiness, tiredness, and weakness were among common health problems
during pregnancy mentioned by women, and most did not take any medical treatment to
get relief for these symptoms as they thought them to be a normal occurrence. In Tamil
Nadu, as in Gujarat, most women stated that they do not seek help when they feel weak or
tired during pregnancy as they assume that it is the common symptom during pregnancy.
Elders and other influential’s at home say when you conceive, you have all these
problems.. jt is quite normal. Why do you go and see a doctor.23

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Literature related to Effectiveness of teaching programme on Iron deficiency
anaemia.

Education has had an impact in reduction of other micronutrient deficiencies and

regarding iron-deficiency, research has shown that maternal nutrition education can
increase both iron intake and haemoglobin levels in children. Education and
supplementation is more effective than either approach alone. Previous research into
maternal knowledge of anaemia showed that women recognised its symptoms but only
half considered these a priority health concern. Many do not know why iron supplements
are prescribed. These important findings highlight the difficulty in promoting awareness of
a condition with few specific recognisable symptoms yet numerous health consequences.24

A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of nutritional education and Iron
supplementation on prevention of Anaemia during pregnancy among antenatal mothers of
Columbia in 2003. A sample of 42 pregnant women was subjected to a nutritional
education programme along with administration of a supplement consisting of 60 mg
elemental iron, 400 micrograms of folic acid, and 70mg vitamin c. The effect of the
educational programme was measured by knowledge changes about how patient’s
behaviour affect nutrient bio-availability via source foods intake, as well as recognition of
the tolerance limits of supplements and potential effect of no adherence. The
physiological status of each patient was measured by three hematologic variables
haemoglobin, haematocrit, and ferret. The results revealed that, 94.4% of women did not
show Anaemia at the end of pregnancy.25

A study was conducted on prevention and control of anaemia among pregnant

women and adolescent, conducted that after implementation of information, education and
communication programme on anaemia, awareness of community regarding anaemia and
its prevention increased.26

A study was conducted on effects of health education on knowledge, attitude and

practices about Anaemia among rural women in Chandigarh. The study revealed that
socio-economic and demographic characteristics of both the intervention and control
groups were similar. All women in the intervention group could specify at least one
10
correct cause of Anaemia and identified signs and symptoms of Anaemia, whereas 73.3%
and 46.6% women in the control group did not specify the cause, signs and symptoms of
Anaemia respectively (p<0.001). The knowledge about methods of Anaemia prevention
was significantly higher in intervention group compared with control group (p<0.001).
The results showed that there was significant change in knowledge and attitude of women
who received health education.27

A study was conducted on reducing maternal anaemia through community

participation, Bangalore. India state that health education can reduce among pregnant
women.28

A study was conducted on health education to prevent anaemia among women of

reproductive age in southern India conclude that those women who received health
education where they lived, from health worker they knew and together with participants
familiar to then learned more about anaemia prevention than others.29

6.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Assess the effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching (VAT) on prevention of iron

deficiency anaemia among primigravida mothers attending selected hospital, Bangalore,
Karnataka.

6.4. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1. Assess the pretest level of knowledge regarding prevention of iron deficiency anaemia
among primigravida mothers.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on prevention of iron
deficiency anaemia among primigravida mothers.
3. To find out the association between posttest knowledge scores and selected
demographic variables of primigravida mothers.

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 6.5. OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS:

ASSESSMENT- It refers to determine or evaluate the knowledge regarding iron

deficiency anaemia among primigravida mother.

EFFECTIVENESS- It refers to the significant gain in knowledge on iron deficiency

anaemia after video assisted teaching as measured by structured knowledge questionnaire

VIDEO ASSISTED TEACHING- It refers to planned teaching programme duly assisted

by Audio Video Aid such as projector in delivering lecture on iron deficiency anaemia
who are attending A.N. clinic in selected hospital, Bangalore

PREVENTION- It refers to measures taken by the primigravida mothers at primary,

secondary and tertiary level to prevent iron deficiency anaemia.

IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA- It refers to haemoglobin percentage less then

11gm/100ml among primigravida mother as per WHO standard.

PRIMIGRAVIDA MOTHERS- It refers to the women who were pregnant for the first
time attending OPD for A.N check up at selected hospital, Bangalore.

6.6. HYPOTHESES:

H1: There will be a significant difference between the pretest and posttest
knowledge scores of primigravida mother regarding prevention of iron deficiency
anaemia
H2:There will be a significant a association between the posttest knowledge scores of
primigravida mother regarding prevention of iron deficiency anaemia and selected
demographic variables.

6.7. ASSUMPTIONS:

1. The primigravida mothers may have some knowledge about iron deficiency anaemia.
2. The video assisted teaching may improve the knowledge of primigravida mothers
regarding iron deficiency anaemia.
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 6.8. DELIMITATIONS
Study is limited to:
1. Primigravida mothers who are attending A.N. clinic in selected Hospital of Bangalore.
2. Primigravida mother who are willing to participate.

6.9 PROJECT OUTCOME

The study will generate new and potentially more cost effective teaching methods
and their effects on primigravidae mothers learning out comes.

7. MATERIALS AND METHODS

Source of data Data will be collected from the primigravida

mothers in selected hospitals, Bangalore.
Method of data collection True experimental design a pretest,posttest
Research design and approach control group approach.

Setting Study will be conducted at Antenatal OPD of

selected hospitals, Bangalore.
Population Population of the present study will be the
primigravida mothers.

Samples The primigravida mothers in selected hospitals,

Bangalore.
Sample size 80 primigravida mothers (40 in experimental
group & 40 in control group)
Sampling technique Convenient sampling technique will be used to
select the sample for the study.

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Inclusion criteria study will include primigravida mothers
 who are willing to participate in the study.
 who will be available at the time of data
collection.
 who can communicate in Kannada or
English.

Exclusion criteria The study will exclude prmigravida mothers

 who are professionals of medical and
nursing field.
 with associated complications.

Tool Tool will be divided in the following sections.

Section A: Structured questionnaire to assess the
socio-demographic variables such as age,
religion, literacy, type of family, income and
source of information about iron deficiency
anaemia.
Section B: Structured knowledge questionnaire to
assess the knowledge on iron deficiency anaemia
among primigravida mothers.
Data collection Prior to data collection, permission will be
obtained from the concerned authorities of
hospitals in Bangalore, Karnataka. The
investigator herself will collect the data before
and after intervention.

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 Data analysis , Data The collected data will be organized under
presentation 1. Descriptive statistics:
2. Frequency, distribution, percentage, mean
and standard deviation will be used to assess
the demographic variables and the pre test
and post test scores.
3. Inferential statistics
 Unpaired t- test will be used to compare the
post-test scores of experimental group and
control group.
 Chi- square test will be used to determine
the association between posttest score of
experimental and control group and their
selected demographic variables.
Analysed data will be presented in the
fotables, diagrams, graphs based on the
findings.

7.3 DOES THE STUDY REQUIRED ANY INVESTIGATIONS OR

INTERVENTION TO BE CONDUCTED ON PATIENTS OR OTHER
HUMANS OR ANIMALS?
YES Pretest and posttest will be conducted on primigravida mothers.

7.4 HAS ETHICAL CLEARNCE BEEN OBTAINED FROM YOUR

INSTITUTION IN CASE OF 7. 3?

YES Ethical clearance will be obtained from the ethical committee of Diana
College of Nursing Bangalore. Permission will be obtained from the Principal,
Diana College of Nursing Bangalore. Permission will be obtained from the
administrative heads of selected clinics in Bangalore. Informed Consent
will be signed by the participants of the study.

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 ETHICAL COMMITTEE

Title of the topic: Assess the effectiveness of video assisted

teaching (VAT) on prevention of iron
deficiency anaemia among primigravida
mothers attending selected hospitals,
Bangalore, Karnataka.

Name of the candidate: Ms. Mamta Minj

Course and the subject: M.sc., (N) 1 st year.

Obstetrics & Gynaecological nursing

Name of the guide: Prof. Kalaivani

Head of the Department
Department of Obstetrical and
Gynaecological Nursing
Diana College of Nursing,
Bangalore-64

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Members of Ethical committee
1. Prof. Veda Vivek
Principal and Head Of the Department
Department of Community Health Nursing
Diana College of Nursing, Bangalore-64.

2. Prof. Elizabeth Dora

Head Of the Department
Department of Child Health Nursing
Diana College of Nursing, Bangalore-64.

3. Prof. Vasantha Chitra. D

Head Of the Department
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing
Diana College of Nursing, Bangalore-64.

4.Prof. Kalai Selvi

Head of the Department
Department of Psychiatric Nursing
Diana College of Nursing, Bangalore-64.

5. Prof. Rangappa
Biostatistician, GKVK,
Jakkur, International Airport Road,
Bangalore

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 8.LIST OF REFERENCES:

1. Jessica event .introduction of pregnancy : Medicalhelp.net; Aug.12 2001

2. Moussa W.A., National Survey for Assessment of Vitamin A Status in Egypt, Lippincott
publications, 2007 Page no. 65-77
3. Biomed Res (India);Anaemia Prevelence and its affecting factor in pregnant womens of
Isparta province; 2004; 4:16(1);11-14
4. ICMR. Evaluation of the National Nutritional Anemia Prophylaxis Programme. An ICMR
task Force Study. Indian Council Medical Research. New Delhi; 1989.
5. LOPS VR, Hunter LP, Dixon LR. Anemia in pregnancy.1995; 51(5):1189-97.
6. Agarwal K.N. Agarwal DK Sharma A, Sharma K. Prasad K. Kalita MC, et at: prevalence
of Anaemia in pregnant women.Indian J Med. Res. 2006 Agu; 124(2) : 173-84.
7. Rural Health Mission ;Times of India; nov.22;2011
8. Parra BE, Manjarres LM, Gomez AL, Ailzate DM, Jaramillo ML, Assessment of
nutritional education and iron supplement impact on prevention of pregnancy Anaemia
universidade Antiquia, Medline, Colombia.
9. Velez h. Folic acid Deficiency secondary to iron deficiency in man; America , America
journal ,2008;2009 81-92;19;27;36.
10. Journal of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences 2005; 6: (8) http://www.hsag.co.za
11. Cellan B.L, Programme of Care for young human with Iron deficiency anemia,
17(4): 247-62.
12. .Luigina De Gospiri and King. Maltofer Switzerland. Vitfor. International Inc. in India
Ferium. 1996; 1:1-7.
13. Abdel, British Columbia Medical Association Investigation and Management of Iron
Deficiency. New Delhi, Mosby publishers, 2008 Page no. 245-277
14. Reddy,Rmakrishna .(2009). Prevelence of Iron deficiency anaemia and malnutrition in
India ;116
15. Health action Anaemia – the silent killer. 1998; 11(2):21-22.
16. Parra BE, Manjarres LM, Gomez AL, Ailzate DM, Jaramillo ML, Assessment of
nutritional education and iron supplement impact on prevention of pregnancy Anaemia
universidade Antiquia, Medline, Colombia
17. Institutional review board; The Pennsylvania state niversity; university of cape
18. town (1983)..http;//jn.nuttion org/content/135/2/267.full.
18
19. Roshany George food avoidance of pregnant woman in Tamil nadu, food ecology and
culture WHO Geniva Switzerland WHO/MCH/90;5;2000.
20. Sweta Upadhyay, A.R.kumar, Rita Singh, College of home science, college of
agriculture 29-34
21. . Bothwell T.H(2002)/Iron requirement in pregnancy and strategies meet them
22. WHO world Health Organization (1975) control of Nutritional Anaemia with special
Reference to iron Deficiency . WHO technical report series no 580
23. Sqwchuk . P. Rauliuk m and Kataska A. Infant Nutrition programme Efficiency Present
Iron deficiency Anaemia in first community Int j circumpolar health 57 suppl. 1;189-193.
24. .Mohamed jafar- Iron & folate supplementation , vol 69 , New Delhi ,Indian Journal,
2001, 81-92.
25. Leblanc CP, Rioux FM. Iron deficiency Anaemia following prenatal Nutrition
Intervention www.Medline.Com
26. .Lanerolle P. Atukarelr S. Nutritional Education improvr serum retinol concentration
among adolescents Asia pac.
27. Kapur P. Sharma & Arawal K.N. Effectiveness of Nutrition Education iron
supplementation or both iron status in children. Indian Paediatrics. 2003, 40 (12) 1131-44.
28. Galloway R. Dush E. Elder L. Achadi E. Grajeda R. Hurtado E. Et al. Womens perception
of iron deficiency and anaemia prevention and control in eight developing countries . SOC
Scimed , 2002:55 (4) 529-44.
29. Polit FD and Hungler PB. Nursing Research, Principles & methods. 6th edition.
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999.
30. Spear and Hila j. Breastfeeding Behaviors and Experiences of Mother. The American
Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 2006; 31: (2) 106-113. http:// www.pubmed.com
Electronic Sources
www.google.com
www.pubmed.gov
www.medline.com

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 9. Signature of the candidate

10. Remarks of the guide There is a great need to educate the

11. Name and designation of guide
Signature
primigravida mothers regarding iron
deficiency anaemia. Hence there is a need to
assist the effectiveness of video assisted
teaching regarding prevention on iron
deficiency anaemia among primigravida
mothers in selected hospital Bangalore,
Karnataka
Prof. Kalaivani
Head of the Department
Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing
Diana college of nursing,
Banglore-64

Co-Guide

Signature

Head of the Department Prof. Kalaivani

Head of the Department
Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing
Diana college of nursing,
Banglore-64
Signature

12. Remarks of the chairman and This study is feasible to conduct and will be
principal beneficial to nursing profession.
Signature

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