EM.ES.

1 Air-Conditioning & ‫مختبر التبريد والتكييف‬ 1

Refrigeration Lab.

Exp. No.1

Psychometric processes

(Heating , Cooling and humidification)

1.Introdaction
Air conditioning: Is all processes that make indoor conditions comfortable.
The processes are heating ,cooling ,ventilation and humidity control. That
means to control: the air temperature, humidity, purity, air movement and
noise inside the air-condition
space.
Psychromatric: The subject that deals with properties of moist air, the
properties of moist air are “psychrometric properties”
Refrigeration :- All the processes that reduce the temperature of a body or a
limited space and keep it bellow that of its surroundings

2.Object
 To study the psychrometric processes of the air.
 To estimate the average heat transferred through the air .

3.Theory
the four main psychrometric processes are:
 Heating
 Cooling
 Humidification
 Dehumidification

And the secondary psychromatric processes are:

 Heating and humidification.
 Heating and dehumidification.
 Cooling and humidification.
  Cooling and dehumidification.

OA sensible heating
OB sensible cooling
OC humidification
OE heating and humidification
OG heating and dehumidification
OF cooling and humidification
OH cooling and dehumidification
Heating and cooling processes (added or removed amount of heat ):
Heating and humidification(addition of heat (sensible) with a given amount
of moister contains (latent)):

Cooling and humidification (removed heat (sensible)with the addition of

moisture(latent)).

4. Apparatus
The apparatus consist of the following parts as shown in Fig(1).
a. Centrifugal air fan.
b. Electric heater.
c. Humidifier.
d. Electric control panel.
e. Digital thermometer and humidity meter.
f. Air Duct
g. Grill.
h. Digital Flow meter.
5.procedure
a. Fill the container with water.
b. Operate the water-pump.
c. Operate the air fan.
d. Read the inlet and outlet temperature of the (evaporative cooler)at
points (B&C).
e. State the process on the psychrometric chart.
f. Operate the first air heater.
g. After few –minutes read the temperature in points (A,B &C).
h. State the process on psychrometric chart.
i. Operate second air-heater.
j. Repeat the operation (g-h)

6. reading
 7.calculation and results
a. State the process on the psychrometric chart.
b. Sketch the psychrometric chatr.
c. Calculate the heat transfer QAB.

9.Graphics
Sketch the relationship between no. of reading & total heat added and
removed.
10.Discussion
a. Show the purpose of the experiment.
b. Express your idea about readings.
C. Discuss the results. Your conclusion.
d. Issue a brief information about evaporative cooling air cooler.

EXP. NO. 2
Air Conditioner Unit performance

1.Introduction
Many air conditioning units are used in cooling and heating of a space at
the same time. When it is used for cooling it performs cooling or cooling
and dehumidification processes at the same time i.e . cooling coils are
dehumidifier as well.
The air conditioner performance can be changed by changing either
condenser or evaporator working condition or twice of them.

2.Object
a. Estimating the amount of refrigeration capacity (Qe).
b. Estimating the compressor work (Wc).
c. Estimating the C.O.P of cooling.
d. Study the effect amount of heat capacity that added to the air interring
to the evaporator to Qe ,Wc, COP of cooling, dehumidification process .
3.Theory
a. Condenser
Heat removed from refrigerant by air.
Qc  m R (h2  h3 ) R
Where:

b .Evaporator
-heat received by refrigerant from condition zone air
c. compressor
Compressor work can estimate directly from apparatus ((Wc (kW)).

d. Coefficient of performance

Assume the evaporator efficiency (100%).

e. psychometric chart
Use psychometric chart to explain the processes which carried on the
atmospheric air in evaporator, condenser and to estimate the inlet and
outlet enthalpy of air by using dry temperature with relative humidity.
 4. Apparatus
The device used in the experiment is laboratory air conditioner unit.
The condenser cooled by air as shown in figure(1)

5. Procedure
a. Connect the power to the device.
b. Operate the unit (only fan) and read the current , voltage that applied to
the system to calculate the power supply.
c. Operate the compressor .
d. repeat the step C to calculate compressor net consumable power
e. Wait 5 minutes before reading the current and voltage applied for all.
 f. Read the inlet and outlet condition for condenser and evaporator.
g. Change the inlet condition to evaporator by add heating capacity to the
inlet air.
h. repeat the steps e,f.

-Evaporator outlet area=

*note all temperature measuring in centigrade

7. Calculations and results

a. Heat rejected by air to evaporator (Qt,Qs,Ql).
b. water vapor that removed from conditioned air .
c. compressor work (kW).
d. C.O.P of cooling.
e. Change the condition of air that interring to the (A.C) by changing the
capacity of heater and study the effect to point a,b,c,d above
8-Discussion
- discuss the effect of amount of heat that added to air on

- discuss the increasing the outlet temperature and its effect on

 EXP. NO. 3
Heat pump unit performance

1.Introduction
Many recent models of air conditioning units are use the technology of
vapour compression cycle in heating processes, as it more reliable, less
danger and high performance, by means of using the (revering valve ),this
way of heating is so called (mechanical heat pump) .
The Heat pump (air conditioner) performance can be changed by
changing either condenser or evaporator working condition or twice of
them.
2.Object
a. Estimating the amount of heat reject from refrigerant in condenser (Qc).
b. Estimating the compressor work (Wc).
c. Estimating the C.O.P of heating and cooling.
d. Study the effect amount of heat capacity that added to the air interring to
the condenser to Qc,Wc, C.O.P of heating.
e. make a comparison between the C.O.P heating and cooling

3.Theory
a. Condenser
-Heat removed from refrigerant by air.

Where:

b .Evaporator
-heat received by refrigerant from atmospheric air
c. compressor
Compressor work can estimate directly from apparatus ((Wc (kW)).
Wcomp=(Wfan+Wcomp) – Wfan ………………..(5)
Wfan: work of fan
Wfan+comp : work of fan & comp.

d. Coefficient of performance

Assume the heat exchanger efficiency (100%).

to calculate the amount of water vapour that was removed from air

e. Psychometric chart
Use psychometric chart to explain the processes which carried on the
atmospheric air in evaporator, condenser and to estimate the inlet and
outlet enthalpy of air by using dry temperature with relative humidity.

4. Apparatus
The device used in the experiment is laboratory heat pump unit. rising
in temperature air that conditioned are get it from condenser as shown in
figure(2)
5. Procedure
a. Connect the power to the device.
b. Operate the unit (only fan) and read the current, voltage that applied to
the system to calculate the power supply.
c. Operate the compressor when four way valve in cooling position.
d. Wait 5 minutes before reading the current and voltage applied for all.
e. Calculate compressor net consumable power from current and voltage
assuming no (heat or mechanical )losses in induction motor or
mechanical part of compressor.
f. Read the inlet and outlet condition for condenser and evaporator.
g. change the four way valve to the heating position and repeat the stapes.
h. Change the inlet condition to condenser by add heating capacity to the
inlet air.
i. repeat the steps for all condition space change that entering condition to
condenser.
-Condenser/evaporator, outlet area= (m2)
-voltage applied to the system = (volt)
*note all temperature measuring in centigrade

7. Calculations and results

a. heat add to refrigerant from air in evaporator.
b. Heat rejected by refrigerant to air in condenser (Qt,Qs,Ql).
c. water vapor that removed from conditioned air .
d. compressor work (kW).
e. C.O.P of heating.
f. Change the condition of air that interring to the (A.C) by changing the
capacity of heater and study the effect to point a,b,c,d above

-list calculations results in the following table:

-Graphics
Draw following relationship
 8-Discussion
- discuss the effect of amount of heat that added to air on

-discuss the increasing the outlet temperature and it’s effect on

-Prove that
 Experiment No.(4)

Electric Refrigerator Training Panel

1. introdaction
The domestic refrigerator represent a refrigeration cycle which consist of:
a.compressor: which is normally mounted in the rear bottom side of the
refrigerator.
b. condenser: which is a free-convection type in the common types. The
condenser placed at the rear side out of the refrigerator.
c. Expansion device: all refrigerators use ''capillary tube '' instead of
expansion valve for the purpose of the reduction the liquid pressure (in
order to lower the boiling point temperature of refrigerant). The diameter
and length of capillary tube depends upon the size of the refrigerator
(refrigeration capacity). d. Evaporator: the freezer in the refrigerator
represents the evaporator in the
cycle, usually made of aluminum to transfer heat efficiency.

2. object
a. demonstration electrical parts and refrigeration cycle components of the
electric refrigerator.
b. study the refrigeration circuit and performance of the electric refrigerator.

3.theory
a. ideal refrigeration cycle.

b. Compressor Work(ideal)
c. Refrigeration effect and refrigeration capacity

d. Heat rejection in condenser

e. Compressor Work (Real)

Where

V=voltage applied
 I=current supply

f. Coefficient of performance (C.O.P)

4- Apparatus
Figure (1) shows schematic layout of electrical parts and refrigeration
circuit fully visible
Unit part list:
a. Hermetic compressor.
b. Condenser.
c. Capillary tube.
d. Evaporator.
e. Filter dryer.
f. Thermostat.
g. RSCR motor system.
h. Differential magneto-thermal switch-main switch.
i. High pressure gauge.
j. Low pressure gauge.
5. procedure
a. Connect the electrical supply cable to the mains supply.
b. Set up the thermostat to the wanted value by mains of its control knob.
c. Turn on the mains switch.
d. Wait 10 minutes at least in order to allow temperatures to stabilize.
e. Read the pressure and temperatures.

6. Reading

7. Calculations and Results

a. State the cycle on (p-h) diagram of the refrigerant R-134a.
b. Estimate the refrigeration capacity .
c. Estimate the heat rejection from condenser .
d. Estimate the C.O.P of cooling ideal and real.

8.Table and results

9.Discussion
a. Show the benefit of experiment.
b. Discuss the results and give your conclusion.
c. Issue a report about refrigerator.