Page No.25-26 by Mr.

Muhammad Umer Farooq:

“The first Islamic Society, with complete imperious authorities, was established in the city of
Medina by the Holy Prophet (PBUH). This society was not based on blood which naturally
tends to diversity that, but upon that of religion which is equally binding on all.
Dr. Hameed Ullah wrote: “The in-view documents are not in the form of an accord, but rather
are implemented as an obligation and command. The system of governance during the Nabwi
period also follows this decree, which is named Charter by R. A. Nicholson. (Nicholson, R.A.,
A Literary History of Arabs, University Press Cambridge, 1962, p.173.) Joseph Hell calls it an
ordinance though the ancient and modern writers, like Ibn-e-Hisah,, Ibn-e-Sayyid-un-Naas,
etc., of the Seerah of the Prophet (PBUH) calls the Charter of Medina as an agreement between
Holy Prophet (PBUH) and the Jews.
According to Charter of Medina, which can also be termed as Umrani Accord, the Holy Prophet
(PBUH) had gained the status of a ruler or as the caretaker of the state who was to ensure the
Sovereignty of Almighty Allah on the holy land. It is true that ruler of the state alone cannot
perform all the functions of the state, so he needs the help of some officials to assist him in the
state matters. Therefore, it is the prime obligation of the ruler of a state to opt those competent
officials for administrative duties who know the objectives of the state, and utilizing their
abilities properly, perform their duties justly. For this purpose, Holy Porphet (PBUH) appointed
such God-feearing, competent, unbiased, spruced chartered and cordial personnel who were
aware of the essence of Islam, acquainted with Din, and were firmly determined to face any
difficulties in the true path. Those companions of the state were much aware that state’s offices
are not the source of acquiring adequate glory and prestige but are the source of services.
Therefore the struggle for getting them is not good worthy, rather, Holy Prophet (SAW)
coupled these functions with etiquettes and said:
“The head of a nation is its servant.” He also said, “We don’t appoint someone on the
performing the functions of state who has requested it or is covetous to do this.”
1. Umrani Accord: It is a political ideology in which philosophies of Babos, Locke and
Rousseau are noteworthy. Its purpose was to liberate from war-torn era and outrageous ideas
so that a state is established by passing thorough the phase of non-political society to a
political society, and to consign an individual of its authorities as habitude or inducement for
another individual, a compendium of individuals, and a society or for a firm intend.