Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
X X X X
Present
INFINITIVE
(+
s
for
he/she/it)
is/are/am
+
~ing
has/have
+
PP
has/have
+
been
+
~ing
1. permanent
or
long-‐term
situations
1. action
taking
place
now
or
around
now
1. past
actions
in
a
time
period
that
is
unfinished
1. past
actions
in
a
time
period
that
is
unfinished
(always
true/false)
A:
What’s
she
doing?
I’ve
ridden
an
elephant.
(in
my
life
which
is
unfinished)
He’s
been
studying
English
since
he
was
15
years
old.
I
am
a
teacher.
B:
She’s
taking
a
shower.
2. action
started
/
happened
in
the
past
but
is
still
2. more
temporary
activities
2. habits
/
routines
or
regular
events
2. action
/
situation
taking
place
only
for
a
relevant
or
important
now
I’ve
been
reading
a
good
book.
She
plays
tennis
every
Saturday.
limited
period
of
time
(temporary)
He’s
broken
his
leg.
(and
now
he
can’t
run)
3. recent
repeated
activity
Normally
I
live
in
Sydney,
but
this
week
I’m
3. action
that
continues
up
to
the
present
(or
ended
Your
wife
has
been
phoning
all
morning.
staying
in
Melbourne.
recently)
4. focuses
on
the
action
and
duration
(how
long),
not
the
I’ve
lived
in
this
house
for
10
years.
(and
I
still
live
here)
result
now
4. focuses
on
the
result,
not
the
action
A:
“Why
are
you
so
dirty?”
B:
“I’ve
been
cleaning
the
now
I’ve
painted
the
room.
(finished
painting)
backyard.”(might
be
finished
or
might
not
be
finished)
now
now
X
X
Future
There
are
lots
of
ways
to
talk
about
the
future
in
will
+
be
+
~ing
will
+
have
+
PP
will
+
have
+
been
+
~ing
English.
For
some
of
the
most
common
see
1. action
that
will
be
happening
at
a
certain
1. action
which
will
be
completed
by
a
certain
point
in
1. talking
about
how
long
an
action
will
have
been
in
“Talking
about
the
future”
below.
point
in
the
future
the
future
progress
at
a
certain
point
in
the
future
At
7pm
tomorrow,
I’ll
be
watching
the
football.
By
the
time
they
reach
Melbourne,
they
will
have
driven
more
By
the
next
Olympics,
he
will
have
been
training
for
3
years.
2. action
that
will
happen
in
the
usual
than
5000km.
course
of
events,
without
a
special
plan
Will
you
be
coming
past
the
shops
on
your
way
home?
now
now
now
X
X
X
Talking
about
the
future
will
+INF
be
going
to
+INF
Present
Continuous
Present
Simple
Other
phrases
1. spontaneous
decision
(decision
made
at
the
time
1. present
intentions
for
the
future
(already
1. action
arranged
for
the
future
1. regular
timetabled
events
be
likely
to
+
INF;
be
planning
to
of
speaking)
decided)
(already
decided
and
organised)
The
train
to
Newcastle
leaves
at
3
o’clock.
+
INF;
hope
to
+
INF;
hope
A:
Jeff’s
been
taken
to
hospital.
I’m
going
to
get
married
one
day.
I’m
getting
married
in
July
next
year
in
2. after
future
conjunctions
(if,
in
case,
that…;
would
like
to
+
INF;
want
B:
Oh,
I’ll
go
and
visit
him
after
work.
2. prediction
made
based
on
present
evidence
Hawaii.
before,
unless,
after,
when,
as
soon
as
to
+
INF;
bet
+
SUBJECT
+
future;
2. prediction
based
on
own
belief
or
prior
experience
Brazil
are
playing
really
well
this
half.
I
think
they’re
etc.)
be
certain
to
+
INF;
there’s
a
Brazil
always
win.
They’ll
probably
win
this
game
too.
going
to
win.
When
I
get
home,
I’ll
call
you.
good
chance
that…
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Conditionals
Notes:
1. This
table
is
an
overview
of
the
English
tenses
and
should
be
used
after
you
have
already
studied
most
of
the
tenses.
Look
at
grammar
books
for
details
of
when
and
how
to
use
each
tense.
2. PP
=
Past
Participle
3. INF
=
Infinitive
verb
(sometimes
called
“base
form”)
4. State
verbs
(seem,
know,
understand
etc.)
are
not
usually
used
in
continuous
tenses.
(e.g.
I’ve
been
knowing
him
for
three
years.
I’ve
known
him
for
three
years.)
5. Some
grammar
books
say
“progressive”
instead
of
“continuous”.
Source: James Heath www.eltideas.com. Adapted from First Certificate Expert (2008: Pearson Longman) and New Cutting Edge Upper Intermediate (2008: Pearson Longman).
This
work
is
licensed
under
a
Creative
Commons
Attribution-‐ShareAlike
3.0
Unported
License.
Find
more
free
lesson
plans
and
ideas
at
ELTideas.com