Draft: Do Not Quote or Cite

This template is created to illustrate the proposed methodology for estimating carbon intensities of renewable fue
This illustration is based on hypothetical data. Actual CIs depend on refinery specific data and configurations.

This template includes the following worksheets

Worksheet
User Input Values
Summary- Allocation Method
Comp.
GHG and energy allocation
Co-processing-I-O
Fuel specs and EF
Description
Provides a list of input values in yellow cells required to perform CI estimation calc
Provides a summary of carbon intensities of various renewable fuels produced fro
This provides an useful comparison of CIs obtained from the two allocation metho
and (2) process unit allocation on energy content basis within the FCC system bou
Provides a step-by-step illustration of allocating GHG emissions among intermedia
Shows the material and energy flows to and from various units involved in FCC-co
Provides fuels specifications for various fuels and emissions factors to enable estim
n intensities of renewable fuels produced from FCC co-processing.
data and configurations.

Description
d to perform CI estimation calculations. Users may use their refinery specific data.
renewable fuels produced from co-processing.
from the two allocation methods: (1) FCC refinery level energy content based allocation
sis within the FCC system boundary
G emissions among intermediate and final products.
rious units involved in FCC-co-processing and energy use
missions factors to enable estimations of GHG emissions.
Use input values
Yellow cells indicate user input values. Applicants may provide their own refinery specific values in yellow c

Material Flows
Feed input (kg)/day Ou

Biogenic
feedstock (e.g Light cracked Heavy cracked Naphtha
Unit Tallow) Vaccum Gas oil Naphtha (LCN) (HCN)
FCC 548201 4933808 2766770 827345

Material Flows
Feed input (kg/day)

Light cracked
Naphtha Heavy cracked
Unit Hydrogen (LCN) Naphtha (HCN) Light Cycle Oil (LCO)
FCC fractionator 2766770 827345 844229
Diesel Hydrotreater 18847 844229
Heavy Cracked Naphtha H 3926 827345
Alkylation
Merox unit 2766770

Process Energy Input Energy input/day

RFG (kg) Coke (kg) Steam (kg) NG (MCF)
FCC 82 263136
FCC fractionator 17655
Diesel Hydrotreater 1688 25411 1127.8
Heavy Cracked Naphtha
Hydrotreater 1655 15182 624.9
Alkylation 197952
Merox unit N/A N/A N/A N/A
pecific values in yellow cells. The current input values are hypothetical for illustration purpose only.

Output (kg/)day

Bottoms (HCO+
Light Cycle Oil (LCO) Slurry oil) Mixed C4s Coke RFG
844229 230244 268618 257874 177288 Note: Coke and RFG are consumed interna

put (kg/day) Output(kg/day)

Light
Bottoms (HCO+ Slurry Heavy Cycle Oil
oil) Mixed C4s RFG Isobutane Light Naphtha Naphtha (LCO)
230244 268618 177288.1496 2766770 827345 844229

827344.7
268618 26862
2766770

Electricity (kWh)
26524
18057
34299

12552
11138
N/A
ke and RFG are consumed internally, hence they are not real outputs

Output(kg/day)

Bottoms
(HCO+ Mixed
Slurry oil) C4s RFG Naphtha Diesel Alkylate
268618.4 177288
1688 844229.3
1655
537236.8
Carbon Intensity Estimation Scheme- For illustration purpose only

Co-processing in FCC Refinery Carbon Intensity (g CO2e

Options Renewable Diesel Renewable light naphtha

Energy content-based allocation at FCC
boundary level 1.93 1.93
Process unit level allocation-preferred
option 7.97 0.09

Tailpipe CO2 emissions from renewable gasoline contributed by fossil isobutane

Well to wheel GHG emissions are calculated as follows

Renewable Gasoline Renewable Diesel
Biomass production
Biomass transport
Co-processing 0.74 7.97
Fuel Transport
Fuel use 0.48
Total
urpose only

Refinery Carbon Intensity (g CO2e/MJ)

Finished renewable
Renewable heavy Renewable gasoline (alkylate +
naphtha Alkylate naphtha blend)

0.00 1.93 1.93

2.96 1.32 0.74

0.48 g/MJ

Carbon Intensity placeholder

g CO2e/MJ
g CO2e/MJ
g CO2e/MJ
g CO2e/MJ
g CO2e/MJ
g CO2e/MJ
Fig. 1. System boundary for FCC co-processing
E GHG and energy allocation

Process units

Light cracked Naphtha

GHG (g/day) (LCN)
FCC 1.00E+07 117847250446.334
Fractionater 1.00E+07 117847250446.334
Diesel Hydrotreater 2.85E+08
Heavy cracked naphtha hydrotreater 9.37E+07
Alkylation 1.63E+07
Merox unit 0.00E+00 117729403195.887
Total system 4.15E+08 117729403195.887

% share based on energy b

Light Naphtha
FCC 0.59
Fractionater 0.59
Diesel Hydrotreater 0.00
Heavy cracked naphtha hydrotreater 0.00
Alkylation 0.00
Total System 0.58

Allocation of GH

Light Naphtha
FCC 5.88E+06
Fractionater 5.89E+06
Diesel Hydrotreater 0.00E+00
Heavy cracked naphtha hydrotreater 0.00E+00
Alkylation 0.00E+00
Total emissions

FCC -Refinery level allocation- Energy Refinery Carbon intensity

content of final product (g/MJ)
Renewable Diesel 1.93
Renewable Light Naphtha 1.93
Renewable Heavy Naphtha
Renewable Alkylate 1.93
Renewable Gasoline (Naphtha +
Alkylate) 1.93
Process unit level allocation- Energy
Content g CO2/MJ
Renewable Diesel 7.97
Renewable Light Naphtha 0.09
Renewable Heavy Naphtha 2.96
Renewable Alkylate 1.32
Renewable Gasoline (Naphtha +
Alkylate) 0.74

Check aggregate refinery CI 1.93

Fossil carbon in isobutane 22216 kg

Tailpipe CO2 contributed by fossil
isobutane in renewable gasoline 0.48 g/MJ- renewable gasoline
 Energy output in btu

Bottoms
Heavy Cracked (HCO+ Slurry
Naphtha (HCN) LCO oil) Mixed C4s Diesel Alkylate
30948804665.551 31580412924 8612839888 11866424233
30948804665.551 31580412924 8612839888 11866424233 0
34247442555
35239760327.642
1.2532E+10

30948804665.551 8612839888 34247442555 1.2532E+10

% share based on energy basis

Bottoms
(HCO+ Slurry
Heavy Naphtha LCO oil) Mixed C4s Diesel Alkylate Total
0.15 0.16 0.04 0.06 0.00 0.00 1.00
0.15 0.16 0.04 0.06 0.00 0.00 1.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00
1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00
0.15 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.17 0.06 1.00

Allocation of GHG emissions at process unit level

Bottoms
(HCO+ Slurry
Heavy Naphtha LCO oil) Mixed C4s Diesel alkylate Total
1.54E+06 1.58E+06 4.30E+05 5.92E+05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.00E+07
1.55E+06 1.58E+06 4.30E+05 5.93E+05 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.00E+07
0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 2.85E+08 0.00E+00 2.85E+08
9.37E+07 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 9.37E+07
0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.63E+07 1.63E+07
4.15E+08
wable gasoline
FCC -coprocessing diagram
Hypothetical flows and energy consumption
Feedstock input/day Energy input/day

Unit Tallow (kg) Vacuum Gas oil (kg) RFG (kg/day) Coke (kg)
FCC 548200.8336 4933807.50246 82.3116668147 263136.40013109

Feedstock input (kg/day)

Light cracked Heavy cracked

Unit Hydrogen Naphtha (LCN) Naphtha (HCN) Mixed C4s
FCC fractionator 2766769.60721 827344.6980788 268618.40846715
Diesel Hydrotreater 18846.95869
Heavy Cracked Naptha
Hydrotreater 3926.43619 827344.6980788
Merox 2766769.60721
Alkylation 268618.40846715
Net output from system

Unit Energy input (Btu/day)

Steam RFG Coke Electricity

FCC 80830056.812 7818495769.441 90502535.65884

Unit Energy input (btu per day)

Steam NG RFG Electricity

FCC fractionator 57,554 90502535.65884
Diesel Hydrotreater 82,841 1108632707.3 1658066313.293 117034517.30243
Heavy Cracked Naptha
Hydrotreater 49,495 614245002.507 1624904987.027 42828565.517321
Merox 0
Alkylation 645,322 38002955.949518
Net output from system
 Output (kg/)day
Light cracked Heavy cracked Bottoms (HCO+
Electricity (KWh) Naphtha (LCN) Naphtha (HCN) LCO Slurry oil) Mixed C4s
26523.687673671 2766769.60721165 827344.69807882 844229.283754 230244 268618.40847

Feedstock input (kg/day) Energy input per

Bottoms (HCO+
Isobutane LCO Slurry oil) RFG Steam (kg) NG (MCF)
844229.283753902 230244 177288.149588 17654.7462893175
844229.283753902 230244 25411.3473233381 1127.8053991

15182.4255250973 624.86775433

26861.840846715 197951.535342093

Output (btu/day)

Light cracked Heavy cracked Bottoms (HCO+

Naphtha (LCN) Naphtha (HCN) LCO Slurry oil) Mixed C4s Diesel
117847250446.33 30948804665.5512 31580412924.032 8612839888.37 11866424232.5972

Output (btu/day)
Bottoms (HCO+
Heavy Naphtha LCO Slurry oil) Mixed C4s Diesel Light Naphtha
35239760327.642 31580412924.0318 8612839888.3723 11866424232.6 117847250446
34247442554.8289

35239760327.642
117729403196

35239760327.642 8612839888.3723 34247442554.8289 117729403196

kg/)day

Diesel Gasoline Coke RFG

257873.6721 177288.1496

Energy input per day Output (kg/day)

Bottoms
Electricity Heavy (HCO+ Slurry
RFG (kg) Coke (kwh) Naphtha LCO oil) Mixed C4s
26523.68767 827344.6981 844229.2838 230244 268618.4085
1688.4585675078 34299.44765

1654.6893961577 12551.81954 827344.6981

11137.5723
827344.6981 230244

Gasoline Coke RFG

7662125854.053 8576205069

Alkylate RFG

81678143.51195

80044580.64172

12531690851.281
12531690851.281
Output (kg/day)

Light
Diesel Naphtha Alkylate RFG
2766769.607 177288.1
844229.2838 1688

1655
2764002.838
295480.2493
844229.2838 2764002.838 295480.2493 3343.148
1) Specifications of Fuels (CA_GREET model)
Fuel Heating Value
Calculation: LHV LHV HHV
Use LHV or HHV in calculations? 1 1 -- LHV; 2 -- HHV
Liquid Fuels: Btu/gal Btu/gal Btu/gal
Crude oil 129670 129670 138350
Synthetic crude oil (SCO) 135084.912923 135084.9 144475.842698462
Dilbit 145312.737687 145312.7 155414.69271381
Diluent 128448.526922 128448.5 137378.10366
Gasoline blendstock 116090 116090 124340
CARBOB 113300 113300 121351.727108278
Gasoline 112193.52 112193.5 120438.62
CA gasoline 109786.18635 109786.2 117852.006055272
U.S. conventional diesel 128450 128450 137380
CA conventional diesel
Diesel for non-road engines 128450 128450 137380
Low-sulfur diesel 127460 127460 133075.138792035
Petroleum naphtha 116920 116920 125080
Conventional Jet Fuel 124307.034239 124307 132948.694386834
ULS Jet Fuel 123041.231106 123041.2 131594.894298522
NG-based FT naphtha 111520 111520 119740
Residual oil 140352.522201 140352.5 150110
Bunker fuel for ocean tanker 140352.522201 140352.5 150110
Methanol 57250 57250 65200
Ethanol 76330 76330 84530
Butanol 99837 99837 108458
Acetone 83127 83127 89511
E-Diesel Additives 116090 116090 124340
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) 84950 84950 91410
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) 74720 74720 84820
Dimethyl ether (DME) 68930 68930 75610
Dimethoxy methane (DMM) 72200 72200 79196.8954011316
Methyl ester (biodiesel, BD) 119550 119550 127960
Fischer-Tropsch diesel (FTD) 123670 123670 130030
Renewable Diesel I (SuperCetane) 117059 117059 125293.765286491
Renewable Diesel II (UOP-HDO) 122887 122887 130817
Renewable Diesel III (PNNL-HTL) 123542.426447 123542.4 133070.137023826
Renewable Gasoline 115983 115983 124230
SPK (FT Jet Fuel/HRJ) 119776.621494 119776.6 128103.333356474
Liquid hydrogen 30500 30500 36020
Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) 93540 93540 101130
Ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE) 96720 96720 104530
Tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME) 100480 100480 108570
Butane 94970 94970 103220
Isobutane 90060 90060 98560
Isobutylene 95720 95720 103010
Propane 84250 84250 91420
Natural gas liquids 83686.1120228 83686.11 90050
n-Hexane 105124.8 105124.8 112166.3
Still gas (in refineries) 128590 128590 142860
Gaseous Fuels (at 32F and 1atm): Btu/ft3 Btu/ft3 Btu/ft3
Natural gas 983 983 1088.5935769657
Pure Methane 962 962 1068
Gaseous hydrogen 290 290 343
Carbon Dioxide
Still gas (in refineries) 982 982 1055
Solid Fuels: Btu/ton Btu/ton Btu/ton
Coal Mix for Electricity Generation 19474169.2196 19474169 20673610.1163927
Bituminous coal 22639319.9798 22639320 23633492.9618803
Subbituminous coal 16085444.0104 16085444 17449319.6714837
Lignite coal 10805182.822 10805183 12992301.9717196
Synthetic coal 22639319.9798 22639320 23633492.9618803
Waste coal 9945646.34031 9945646 11958783.362163
Pet Coke 26949428.7349 26949429 28595925.1717753
Tire Derived Fuel 26664354.296 26664354 28293433.8869797
Coking coal 24599421.9747 24599422 25679670

Heating Values of Steam

MJ/kg btu/kg
Energy content: 3.26 3,089.9
Petroleum refinery steam: 750 psi (5171.06775 kPa) pressur

Emission factors Source

Hydrogen 112.6 g CO2/MJ Prelim
RFG 59.4 g/MJ Prelim
Coke 99.4 g/MJ Prelim
Electricity 105 g/MJ GREET
Steam 73.3 g/MJ Prelim
Natural gas 79.93 g/MJ GREET
Isobutane 10.0 g/MJ
 Density C ratio S ratio S ratio
(% by wt) (ppm by wt) Actual ratio by wt LHV/HHV Energy Density

grams/gal MJ/gal
3205 0.853 16000 0.016 0.937260571
3266 0.855620685 1800 0.0018 0.935
3513 0.8344698361 38000 0.038 0.935
2709 0.8405908354 1600 0.0016 0.935
2819 0.863 25.5 0.0000255 0.9336496703 122.4814336265
2767 0.859 119.537827805
2835.562 0.8277854697 22.8666553579 2.2866655E-05 0.9315410622
2788.004945 0.824672169 22.9024935 2.2902494E-05 0.9315597589 115.8305581578
3167 0.865 200 0.0002 0.9349978163 135.5219239325
120 0.00012 0
3167 0.865 163 0.000163 0.9349978163 135.5219239325
3142 0.865 11 0.000011 0.9578047497 134.477418641
2745 0.85 1 0.000001 0.9347617525 123.357129982
3035.899622 0.862 700 0.0007 0.9350000375 131.1508636704
2998.045512 0.86 11 0.000011 0.9350000375 129.8153706696
2651 0.842 0 0 0.9313512611 117.659828392
3752 0.868 5000 0.005 0.9349978163 148.0797496106
3752 0.868 27000 0.027 0.9349978163 148.0797496106
3006 0.375 0 0 0.8780674847 60.4019474125
2988 0.522 0 0 0.9029930202 80.5324130305
3065 0.6486 0 0 0.9205130096 105.3336108965
2964 0.6198 0 0 0.9286791568 87.703627643
2819 0.863 25.5 0.0000255 0.9336496703 122.4814336265
1923 0.82 0 0 0.929329395 89.6269944575
1621 0.75 0 0 0.8809243103 78.833773112
2518 0.522 0 0 0.9116518979 72.7249997405
3255 0.474 0 0 0.9116518979 76.17503237
3361 0.776 0 0 0.9342763364 126.1319268675
3017 0.853 0 0 0.9510882104 130.4787569695
2835 0.871 0 0 0.9342763364 123.5037827452
2948 0.871 0 0 0.9393809673 129.652648239
3003.2639481 0.871 0 0 0.9284008359 130.3441597459
2830 0.84 0 0 0.9336150688 122.3685426506
2865.556127 0.847 0 0 0.9350000375 126.3710252007
268 0 0 0 0.8467518046 32.179203425
2811 0.681 0 0 0.9249480866 98.689924209
2810 0.706 0 0 0.9252846073 102.045001812
2913 0.706 0 0 0.9254858617 106.012011808
2213 0.828 0 0 0.9200736291 100.1986540745
 2118 0.828 0 0 0.9137581169 95.018329851
2253 0.857 0 0 0.9292301718 100.989945962
1920 0.818 0 0 0.9215707723 88.8884553625
0 0 0.929329395 88.2935220534
2478.7 0.836251 0 0 0.9372226774 110.9125352201
0 0 0.9001119978 135.6696317515
gms/ft3 LHV/HHV MJ/unit
22 0.724 6 0.000006 0.903 1.0371199006
20.3 0.75 0 0 0.9007490637
2.55 0 0 0 0.8454810496 119.9867437255
55.97783 0.2727272727 0 0
20.3 0.758 6 0.000006 0.9308056872
LHV/HHV
0.5857110988 10455.98833738 0.0104559883
0.612 15352.09271893 0.0153520927 0.9579337264
0.537 3568.253687975 0.0035682537 0.921837889
0.491 9064.234716263 0.0090642347 0.8316603821
0.806420498 16142.73925139 0.0161427393 0.9579337264
0.326428585 9064.234716263 0.0090642347 0.8316603821
0.8667 45137.71441241 0.0451377144 0.942421991 30170.3024280326
0.48798697 45137.71441241 0.0451377144 0.942421991
0.747 11800 0.0118 0.9579337264

am: 750 psi (5171.06775 kPa) pressure and 1050 F (565.55C or 838.7055 K) temperature (Haynes, 1976, p.14)

118787.2 gCO2/mmbtu 0.12 gCO2/btu

62670.3 gCO2/mmbtu 0.06 gCO2/btu
104908.7 gCO2/mmbtu 0.10 gCO2/btu
110780.9 gCO2/mmbtu 0.11 gCO2/btu
77363.5 gCO2/mmbtu 0.08 gCO2/btu
84334.4 gCO2/mmbtu 0.08 gCO2/btu
10550.6 gCO2/mmbtu 0.01 gCO2/btu
Btu/kg
40458.66
41360.97
41364.29
47415.48
41181.27
40946.87
39566.59
39378.05
40558.89

40558.89
40566.52
42593.81
40945.7
41040.48
42067.14
37407.39
37407.39
19045.24
25545.52
32573.25
28045.55
41181.27
44175.77
46095
27374.9
22181.26
35569.77
40991.05
41290.65
41684.87
41136.05
40983.39
41798.74
113806
33276.41
34419.93
34493.65
42914.6
42521.25
42485.57
43880.21

42411.26

Btu/ft3 Btu/kg
983 44681.82
962 47389.16
290 113725.5
0 0
982 48374.38
btu/kg
21470.97
24960.66
17734.78
11913.1
24960.66
10965.43
29712.71
29398.41
27121.74
0