Use, Matter of course, and Error:

Three conditions fulfill people and researchers understanding;

1. Communicating and understanding others is a public affair and not the private one.
This is why understanding other people is possible. Normally people do things and adopt ways
which are recognized by their group or reference. These methods allow people to give meaning
to things and to understand.
2. It is natural.
As it is part of our practice we cannot think or feel without a language.
3. It is normative and not irregular.
Grammatical confusions occur when we describe words according to our own images.
We communicate with others through a language, so it is rooted in a community. Also to
understand what people are saying we have to understand what he/she does while speaking. So
meaning is in front of our eyes in the form of the ordinary and linguistic practices of the people.
In order to understand and do understandable things, it is important to understand public rules.
To follow these rules one needs organized context and an environment in which other people
recognize the rules.
People learn words and its context of utilization at the same time. Also, they learn a sign with its
meaning. Therefore, meaning is the use of words with its context. One needs a practical sense for
each context to understand and act in a proper way. Naturally, people assume that other person
would see and understand almost in the same way as they are doing. And differences in
perceptions are small enough to understand and cooperate with each other. This makes people to
understand each other, to make decisions about their own behavior and to evaluate others
behavior.
People follow rules but sometimes a questions arises whether they are following it correctly or
not. It also makes us to understand and talk about the mistakes.
So an error is a break in normative normality. When an order or rule is broken logically, error
occurs.
What, Why and How?
In this we will talk about what, why and how people say and understand.
There are the 2 kinds of understanding people practice in their environment:
1. Through direct observational understanding, one can understand the meaning of what is
happening right now. For example; one observes a woodcutter who is shooting his gun
and his facial expressions are showing anger.
2. The second kind of understanding is based on the explanation of the action. In this a
person is able to assign motives to the action, which is an answer of why of an action.
 Eg; One understand that the way woodcutter was shooting his gun in order to prevent an
attack from a dangerous animal.
Motives are meaningful because they belong to an action and they are not the causes of an
action. They are not necessarily clear. For example, when we explain why someone did
something, we are still talking about the actions, we are not describing any external phenomena
like mental states or facts. Therefore, researchers and lay people understand someone's behavior
as a whole. If we talk about indigenous students, they students construct and use motives to
understand what and how people do, as well as why they are doing it.

Pakistani context:
Talking about the communication between native people, People share common meanings
towards thing, common elements in culture and common history. They are able to understand the
full context and meaning of the communication through words, facial expressions, body
language, codes, signs and tone.
If we talk about the intercultural communication in Pakistani context, it is of great
importance not because there are different languages and cultures in Pakistan but also now
international especially Chinese visitors are in huge numbers because of CPEC and increasing
working opportunities. To work in an efficient way, first we will have to interact affectively. We
need to understand each others cultures and the meanings other people from different cultures
give to different things. Currently we are mostly communicating in English but still we need to
understand the importance of the meaning they assign to different signs and words.