RESUME DIL

ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Dosen : Dr.Reta

OLEH:
MUH. IMRAN
19 22 06 031
A/32

AGROINDUSTRI
TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN HASIL PERIKANAN
POLITEKNIK PERTANIAN NEGERI PANGKAJENE KEPULAUAN
2019/2020
 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
Overview of different type of EA Instruments

OP 4.01 - mainly when/how EA should be done to provide necessary information about likely
outcomes

Other OPs - more detailed “how to” and guidance on acceptable versus unacceptable outcomes

EA Instruments as per OP 4.01 (Safeguard Documents for Project Appraisal)

 Strategic Environmental (and Social) Assessment WB (as of March 2011); EU & some
national laws: for policies, plans and programs; not a substitute for project-specific EA

 Regional or sectoral EA: when the project is likely to have sectoral or regional impacts

 Environmental Impact Assessment WB -full EIA for Category A projects, narrower scope for
Category B ( “limited EA”); National laws - contents specified in law/provision; Some
countries - “Preliminary EA” to determine whether further EIA is required; Cumulative
Impact Assessment (within EIA or supplementary document)

 Environmental Audit for ongoing activities

EA Instruments as per OP 4.01

 Hazard/Risk Assessment When environmental/social risks are uncertain/not predictable

(e.g. possible dam breakage, toxic spill); Complement to EA or Audit

 Environmental and Social Management Framework: WB (as of March 2011) for project
consisting of a program and/or series of sub-projects…impacts cannot be determined until
the details have been identified; (FI and other); Not present in national laws

 Environmental Management Plan: element of EA, or free-standing if no EA required;

Checklist EMP option

Related documents but different:

• Country Environmental Analysis/Country Social Analysis (Poverty and Social Impact

Analysis)

• Safeguard Diagnostic Review (for Use of Country Systems Pilot: “Equivalence Analysis” and
“Acceptability Assessment”

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

 Identifies and assesses potential risks and benefits based on proposed activities, relevant
site features, consideration of natural/human environment, social & transboundary issues

 Compares environmental pros and cons of feasible alternatives

  Recommends measures to eliminate, offset, or reduce adverse environmental impacts to
acceptable levels (sitting, design, technology offsets)

 Proposes monitoring indicators to implement mitigation measures

 Describes institutional framework for environmental management and proposes relevant

capacity building needs

Key Features of Good Quality E(S)IAs

 Well written Executive Summary

 Adequate assessment of project area of influence

 Comprehensive and duly updated baseline information

 Complete analysis of feasible alternatives

 Detailed discussion of indirect, cumulative, and transboundary impacts assessment

 Ensuring proper consultation process and public participation/disclosure of EA

 Realistic assessment of, and support for Borrower’s capacity in the area of EM and EA

 Proper coordination between the project design and EIA and EMP recommendations,
including update of EIA and EMP when technical changes are required

E(S)IA – Terms of Reference (ToR)

Good TOR + Qualified Personnel = useful and approvable E(S)IA

 Clarity on objectives (analysis/conclusions and recommendations, not just data; practical

and realistic EMP, etc.)

 Clarity on scope and contents (all project activities and associated activities; all project
stages; direct & indirect & cumulative impacts; analysis of alternatives; social/environment
interface; clear and feasible EMP; etc.). List known issues to be addressed, plus provision for
consultant to identify others

 Clarity on methodology/level of effort (site visits, formal surveys, modeling, consultations,

etc.)

 Clarity on deliverables (note value of inception Report)

 Provide for sufficient time and resources (for data collection, consultation, document
revision, etc.)

 Specific expertise required (technical specialties; EIA experience)

 Time Frame; budget and/or expected person-months

Environmental Assessment Process

Environmental and Social Management Framework: Purpose

 Provides guidance to sub-borrowers (sub-project sponsors) and FIs to ensure the EA process
is carried out in compliance with national legislation and OP 4.01

 Provides an environmental and social screening process to allow for identification,

assessment and mitigation of potential impacts by proposed works at the time the detailed
aspects are known

 Used as a reference document for assessing the potential environmental and social impacts
of investment alternatives

 Serves as guidelines for the development of sub-project/site-specific Environmental

Management Plans (EMPs), Environmental Assessments (EAs), due diligence reports,
environmental audits, etc

 Is an integral part of the project Operational Manual and applicable to all FIs investments,
regardless of its funding source or implementing agency

Environmental and Social Management Framework

MAIN OBJECTIVES:

 Establish procedures for screening all proposed sub-projects for their potential adverse
environmental and social impacts

 Specify measures for managing, mitigating and monitoring environmental impacts during
project operation
  Outline training and capacity-building arrangements needed to implement the EMF
provisions

Environmental and Social Management Framework:

When to use the EMF

 When specific investments cannot be identified prior to project Appraisal (un-known

subprojects are proposed during project implementation):

 Financial Intermediary (FI) operations

 Trenched sectoral investment programs (incl. SWAPS)

 Area development projects (rural, municipal, etc.)

 Social Funds

 Small Grants Programs

ESMF Procedures: Content

1. Brief description of project components including description of type of activities eligible for
financing

2. Operating requirements (diagnosis of legal and institutional framework, applicable

safeguards)

3. Environmental/social baseline at national/state level

4. ESMF screening procedures (criteria, process, environmental due diligence process, EA/EMP
documentation)

5. Implementation arrangements

6. Public consultation and disclosure process/procedures

7. Environmental mitigation measures

8. Monitoring and reporting arrangements

9. Training and capacity building recommendations

10. Various annexes

Important Aspects of Good Quality ESMF

 Adequate assessment of national EA requirements, identification and filling of gaps

 Proposed EA procedures are clear, comprehensive and adequate for envisaged sub-projects

 Screening allows for proper categorization of sub-projects, screening criteria are well
defined, ineligibility criteria provided

 Capacity of FIs and other responsible parties should be realistically assessed, appropriate
measure identified to improve capacity as needed

 POM contains references to ESMF; environmental sustainability is one of sub-projects

proposal evaluation
Environmental Management Plans (EMP)

 An Action Plan that indicates which of the EA report recommendations and alternatives will
actually be adopted and implemented

 Part of EIA or freestanding

 The most important link to incorporate environmental factors into the overall project
design;

 Identifies linkages to other SG policies relating to the project

 Ensures environmental mitigation measures and their practical monitoring become a legal
responsibility of the Borrower (LoA)

EMP Contents

 Summary of predicted adverse environmental and social impacts related to project;

 Description of mitigation measures and plan

 Description of monitoring activities and plan

 Institutional arrangements including training

 Implementation schedule and reporting procedures

 Estimated related costs and sources of funds

Note: The content of the EMP can be revised during project implementation based on changes in
design or based on lessons learned

Who prepares an EMP?

 EMP is part of the EA prepared and financed by the Client; In case of FI Projects the EMP
should be prepared by the sub-borrower

 The Client often places an existing PIU in charge of tasks such as EMP, EA, EMFs;

 The Client may hire local/international Consultants to assist the PIU in preparing EMP

EMP Format

 No established format;

 Typical introductory text part followed by tabular format of specific mitigation measures
(Mitigation Plan) for identified possible environmental impacts and of related monitoring
activities (Monitoring Plan);

 Self-standing document vs. part of the ESIA report;

 Incorporated in the POM (as chapter, annex or inserted through the POM);
Environmental Mitigation Plan

◦ Defines the key environmental (and social) issues which should be managed

◦ Describes specific mitigating measures to manage each possible impact, including

specific actions to be achieved

 Mitigation measures should be feasible and practical;

 Mitigation measures should be easily observed and checked

◦ Identifies the authorities responsible for mitigation implementation

◦ Includes some associated estimated costs

Environmental Monitoring Plan

◦ Defines selected indicators for ensuring that mitigation measures are being
implemented and are effective (e.g., if there is a mitigating measure to control noise
during construction, the monitoring plan should include noise measurements during
construction)

◦ Ensures the project is complying with National environmental regulatory

requirements and WB Safeguard requirements

◦ Addresses concerns which may rise during the public consultation

◦ Identifies authorities responsible for monitoring

◦ Includes estimated related costs

Example: Environmental Mitigation Plan

For the Foundry

Construction Phase

Project Activity Potential Proposed Mitigation Measures Institutional Costs

Environmental Responsibility
US$
Impacts

Use of land within Damage to Appropriate clearing techniques (hand Contractor/Plant “5000”
the plant vegetation clearing, not mechanized clearing) will Operating
construction area, be utilized. Any trees of protected Company
and along the access species will be relocated. In case
road route relocation is not possible, the project
developer will agree with the MoEnv
on a practical compensation to protect
specific trees
 Use of land within Loss of fertile Fertile topsoil will be removed, stored Contractor/Plant “5000”
the plant topsoil and in an isolated area away from Operating
construction area, soil erosion construction activities, and covered Company
and along the access with plastic to prevent runoff/erosion.
road route Upon construction completion, topsoil
will be returned and the area
revegetated with plants similar to the
original vegetation/native to the area.

Construction works Air pollution When necessary, construction site will Contractor/Plant 2000
by dust be sprayed with water, particularly Operating
during hot, dry, windy conditions. Company

Construction works Noise from Construction will be confined to normal Contractor/Plant -

construction work-hours (7AM to 7PM). If Operating
works construction must be conducted Company
before/after these hours, local public
will be notified at least one week in
advance.

Example: Environmental Mitigation Plan

For the Foundry

Operation Phase

Project Potential Proposed Mitigation Institutional Costs

Activity Environmental Measures Responsibility
US$
Impacts

Coal Air emissions  Low-NOx burners  Power 0.8

Combustion of NOx, SO2, and water injection plant million
CO, to control NOx; operator
particulate
 Firing only low-sulfur  Power
matter
(<0.1% by wt.) coal to plant
control SO2; supply and
installation
 Good combustion
(S&I)
control to control
contractor
CO, PM and VOCs;
  Stack height at least
45 m to facilitate
dispersion.

Equipment Noise from Acoustic enclosures for the  Power 150,000

Operation equipment combustion turbines to plant
ensure that noise does not operator
exceed 70 dB(A) at 100 m
 S&I
Contractor

All Workers Personnel protective  Power 50,000

operation Health and equipment will be used plant
phases Safety (gloves, glasses, safety belts) operator

WHS training will be

provided to workers monthly

Safety engineer will be

assigned to the site

Example: Environmental Monitoring Plan

For the Foundry

Construction Phase

What Where How When/By whom Costs US$

Potential parameter is to be is the is the parameter is the parameter

Environmental monitored? parameter to to be monitored? to be monitored?
Impacts be monitored?

Damage to Clearing Plant site, Visual and by Monthly -

vegetation techniques and pipeline and comparison with throughout
relocation access road line pre-construction construction
procedures routes photo survey period;
utilized; record of
Contractor/
compensation
Supervisor
provided as
Engineer
agreed with
MoEnv
 Loss of fertile Soil storage Soil storage Visual Weekly during -
topsoil and soil procedures and sites site preparation
erosion location and construction
period

Contractor

Air pollution by Dust level All active Visual During -

dust construction construction
sites Contractor/
Supervisor
Engineer

Noise from Noise level, dB[A] All active Measurements During “Estimated
construction construction by a licensed construction, standard
works sites organization costs”
Contractor
using certified
measurement
devices

EMP Institutional Arrangements

 How the overall environmental management system works during the project
implementation (construction and operation phases) and Who is responsible to implement
it;

 Who will supervise the implementation of Mitigation Plan;

 Who will collect the data (from the Monitoring Plan);

 Who will analyze the data to produce information;

 Who will prepare reports (and how often) indicating how recommended actions are being
taken,

 Who will receive the reports and act upon them (e.g. dismiss contractor, withhold contractor
payment, authorize expenditures to correct problems etc) – must have the needed authority