NAME: Pa: _DATE:_ AP Chemistry Unit | Test Form A Structure Perhaps ne of you gente ool outside the window ha you al On my honor, I have not given, will give, or received aid on this test: (signature)AP Chemistry Unit 1 Test Form A Questions 1-3 refer to atoms of the following elements. A. Lithium B. Carbon C. Nitrogen D. Oxygen E, Fluorine 1. In the ground state, bas only 1 electron in each ofthe three p orbitals 2. Has the smallest atomic radius 3, Has the smallest value for first ionization energy 4. In which of te following groups are the thre species isoelectronic? A 8 c. D. BE SK, Ca Se," oO, S*, cr Me, Ca, Se Cs, Ba, La 5. Ofthe following compounds, which isthe most ionic? rs sich BrCl Pch C10. CaCh 6. Which ofthe following properties generally decreases across the periodic table from sodium to chlorine? A B c D. B. ies ionization energy Atomic mass Flectronegativity ‘Maximum value of oxidation number Atomic radius_____7. Acwording to the VSEPR mode, the progressive decrease in bond angles inthe seies of molecules ‘CH, NH, and HO is best accounted for bythe A, Increasing stength ofthe bonds B. Decreasing sizeof the central atom CC. Increasing elecronegativity ofthe central atom D. Ineeeasing number of unshared pars of electrons E, Decreasing repulsion between hydrogen atoms A. The boiling poluts ofthe slements helism, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon inerse in that order. ‘Which ofthe following statements accounts for this increase? A. The London (dispersion) foees increase B, The hydrogen bonding increases CC. The dipole-dipole forees increase D, ‘The chemieal reactivity Ineceases E, The numberof nearest neighbors increases 9, All of the halogens in ther elemental form at 25°C and 1 atm are A. Conductors of electricity B, Djatomic molecules ©. Odertess D. Gases ___10, Whick ofthe following describes the changes in fores of erection that occur as HzO changes phase ‘fom a liquid to vapor? A. H-O bonds break as H- H and O - 0 bonds form BB, Hydrogen bonds between HO motecues ae broken C. Covalent bonds between HO molecules are broken D. Tonic bonds between H ious and OFF ions are broken E, Covalent bonds between H ions and HO molecules become more effective11, ‘The figure above shows tht in solid hydrogen fucride there are two different distances between H ‘Some and F atoms, Which ofthe following best accounts forthe two different distances? A. Accommodation of necesary bond angles in the Zormation of Ue solid BB. Difference in strength between covalent bonds and intermolecular attractions C. Different isotopes of urine present in samples , Uneven repnisions among nonbonding electron pairs NaF, 695, 3600, Re’ we E a e Tonle Radia om) 16 R 133 Ist 140. 12, Based on the data in the tables above, which ofthe following statements provides the best prediction Tor the boiling point of NaCI? A. NaCl will bave a Jower boiling point dran NaF because the coulombicatiractions are weaker in NaCl ‘than No 'B, NaCl wil have boiling point between that of NaF and MgO beceuse the covalent character ofthe ‘bonds in NaCl is intermediate between that of MgO and Na (C. NaCI wil have «higher bolling point than MgO because the fons are spaced father apart in NaC D. NaCl will have s higher boiling point than MgO because the onaray requited to taasfer elections ‘rom the enion to th cation is larger in NaCl than in MgOHlement ‘Atomic Radius First Fonization Energy Calcium, 194 pm 590 ka/mol Potassium — 13. Based on period trends and the dat inthe table above, which ofthe following are the most probable values of the atomic radius and the fits ionization energy for potassium, respectively? A. 242 pm, 633 klimol B. 242 pm, 419 ksimol . 120 pam, 633 ki/mol D. 120 pm, 419 ksimol 1s? 2s?2p* 38%3p 14, Atoms of an clement, X, have the electronic configuration shown above. The compound most likely formed with magnesium, Mg, is A. Mex B. MX ©. MeXe D. MeXs EB MgXs 15. Ca, V, Co, Zn, As..Gaseous atoms of which ofthese elements ae paramagnetic? ‘A. Caand As only B. Znand As only ©. Ca, V, and Co only. D. V,Co, and As only E, V,Co, and Za only 16. One of the outermost electro a strontium atom in the ground state can be described by which of {he following sets of four quantum numbers?Use these ansvvers for questions 17-20, Is? 2629p 3523p6 Is? 2s%2pé 3s%3p* Is! 262p%2a 36396 152 252p! 3s3p%30 1s? 26?2p° 35°30 4 roomp 17. An impossible electronic configuration 18, The ground-state configuration for the atoms ofa transition element 19, The ground-state configuration of a negative jon ofa halogen 20, The ground-state configuration of a common ion ofan alkaline eath element 21. Which of the following molecules has the shortest bond length? Ne 0: ch Bo b POPP 2 Which ofthe following has a zero dipole moment?” HEN | NE SO> NO: Pr Poosp 23, For which of the following molecules are resonance structures necessary to deseribe the bonding, Sallsictority? AHS B. SO, ©. CO: D. OF, PE 24. The Lewis dot structure of which of the following molecules shows only one unshated pair of Valence electron? ACh BLN CN D. CC E. HO:“28. the $bCs molecule has teigonl bipyramid structure, Therefor, the hybridization of Sb orbitals should be we P sy? % FORE 26. CCl, COn, PCls, PCls, SF's Which ofthe following does not describe any of the molecules above? Linoar Octahedal "Square planar 1D, Tetrahedtat 1B, Teigonal pyramidal oe pac= 27, Lewis eectron-dotdisgrams for Cz and $0 are given sbove. ‘The molecular geometry and polasity ofthe two substances are ‘A. The same because the molecular formulas are similar 'B. The same because C and S have similar electronegatvity values CC. Different because the lone pair of electrons on the $ atom make it the negative end of dipole 1D, Different because $ has a greater number of electron domains (regions of eletron density) surmunding it than C has 28, Which of the following species is NOT planar’? co NOx curs BR: Pb renee\ 4 cc n7 Sa ____29. Teytidzaton of he srbon toms inte mole epsested shoe cane ested ss Me B. sp C. sp D. spd E. spd? 30, What formula would be expected for a binary compound of barium and nitrogen? Bae BaNs BaN BaNo Ban Pope Questions 31 & 32 ‘Consider atoms ofthe following elements. Assume thatthe atoms are inthe ground state, AS B Ca ©. Ga D. 8b E. Br 31. The atom that contains exactly two unpaired electrons 32, Tho atom that contains only one clecron in the highost occupied oneray subleQuestions 33 ~ 35 refer tothe following molecules A CO: BHO ©. CH D. Os E. Py 33, The molecule with only one double bond 54, ‘The molecule with the largest dipole moment 35. The molecule with trigonal pyramidal geometry Questions 36-39 A, Heisenberg uncertainty principle 'B. Pauli exclusion principle C. Hund’s rule (principle of maximum multiticity) D. Shiclding effect E, Wave nature of matter 36. Can be used to predict that @ gaseous carbon atom in its ground state is paramagnetic 37, Explains the experimental phenomenon of electron difinetion 38, Indicates that an atomic orbital ean hold no more than two eleetrons with opposite spin 39, Predicts that it is impossible to determine simultaneously the exact position and the exact velocity of ‘an electFree Response: 1 When silicon and sulfur eset wit limited urine the products are SiFs and SF, respectively In the spaces provided draw the Lewis Dot Structures for iF and SF SiFe Fi '. Identify the shape snd hybridization of each moleeule Sif as zero dipole moment where SFy has a permanent dipole moment. Account for this observation 4. The Si ~F bond has an energy of $65 kJimol, The S—F bond has an energy of 284 ki/mol ‘Woy is the Si—F bond stronger than the S - F bond? ©. The SF hond energy is 284 ki/mol i, Whats the energy of one S~F bond in Joules? What wavelength of light would have the minimum amount of energy required to break one SF bond?2. Rank these substances in order from highest meting point to lowest melting point cao CO, HL Cont) HF He Highest 1 Lowest 113. Use your knowledge of atomic structure to secount forthe following observation, _ PES Spectrum for Phosphorous, 5000 5000 coo 3.000200 3,000. a a. The I ionization energy of Sulfur is approximately 800 kifmole while the 1* ionization energy of Phosphorus approximately 1,000 ki/mole 'b. Explain the binding energy difference between the Is electrons for sulfur and the 1s electrons for phosphorous.