Where the new services are so situated that it will be necessary for the Authority to lay new mains or

extend existing mains, full information about the proposed building scheme should be furnished as early
as possible to the Authority. Site plans shall be required showing the layout of public road reserves,
footpaths, buildings and boundaries. Mains shall only be laid in public road reserves. Normally the
Authority will not lay mains until the finished line and level of road or footpath are indicated on the site.

4.3 NEWater

NEWater is presently supplied to commercial and industrial premises, where available, for non-potable
uses such as for cooling towers, suitable process uses, general washing and irrigation, etc. NEWater
shall not be used as primary source of water supply for fire fighting.

All new non-domestic (including commercial, industrial, etc.) development proposals, Including existing
non-domestic premises undergoing addition/alteration (A&A) works, with cooling towers and/or
processes, are required to provide a dedicated NEWater pipe system during planning and
construction/A&A works stage to take in NEWater for such usage when it becomes available in future.

For the above mentioned proposals, provisions shall be made to receive the Authority's water as
alternate source to NEWater in the event of an interruption due to urgent repairs, construction of new
works, alteration to or maintenance of existing works. Examples of these include the provision of a spool
piece with double check valves to facilitate switching over from NEWater to the Authority's water or via
dual feed pipes supplying the Authority's water and NEWater to the NEWater break tank. There shall
be no cross connection between the PUB and NEWater supply pipelines.

5 Standards of materials and fittings

It Is presupposed that materials and water fittings are in compliance with applicable statutory and
regulatory requirements.

All materials and water fittings shall be non-corrodible or corrosion resistant. The materials and water
fittings shall not cause any wastage or contamination of water or have any adverse effect on the water.
The materials and water fittings shall not be susceptible to permeation by any gas or any other
substance which can cause contamination of the water. Lead or lead alloy and water fittings made of
lead or lead alloy shall not be used.

A water fitting is of an appropriate quality and standard only if it conforms to the requirements and
standards stipulated by the Authority. A water fitting shall be deemed as complying with a standard
stipulated by the Authority if it is tested or certified by a product certification body or a testing laboratory
accredited by the Singapore Accreditation Council or any of its Mutual Recognition Arrangement
partners or such other product certification body or testing laboratory approved by the Authority. If no
requirements and standards are stipulated by the Authority for a particular water fitting, a written request
shall be made to the Authority to elaborate on the appropriate requirements and standards for the water
fitting, if any, for compliance. All non-metallic material in contact with water shall comply with SS 375
Series or BS 6920 and Clause a of SS 375-1 or any other standards and requirements that the Authority
may stipulate. Non-metallic seat washers shall also meet the standards and requirements the Authority
may stipulate.

All metallic material in contact with water shall comply with the Extraction of Metals - Appendix H test
in AS/NZS 4020 or any other standards and requirements the Authority may stipulate.

All copper alloy water fittings, except exposed terminal fittings, shall be made of gunmetal, bronze or
dezincification resistant (OZR) brass materials only. For gunmetal or bronze fittings, they shall comply
with BS EN 1982 or any other standards and requirements the Authority may stipulate. DZR brass
fittings shall comply with the tests on "Composition• and "Resistance to dezincification• in BS EN 1982
or BS EN 12163 or BS EN 12165 or BS EN 12420 or any other standards and requirements the
Authority may stipulate. Such DZR brass fittings shall have a marking indicating •ozR• or "CR•.

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The casings and impellers of pumps, including all parts in contact with potable water, used in potable
water service installation shall be made of corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel or bronze
or materials that are protected against corrosion by suitable and reliable coating.

All elastomeric seals for joints in water fittings shall comply with SS 270 or any other standards and
requirements the Authority may stipulate.

All water fittings incorporated in a water fitting shall comply with the requirements and standards
stipulated by the Authority for the respective water fittings.

Materials and water fittings shall comply with all other relevant statutory requirements.

6 Distribution
6.1 Pipework

6.1.1 It is of the utmost importance that potable water supply provided for drinking and culinary
purposes should not be liable to contamination from any less satisfactory water. There should,
therefore, be no inter-connection or cross-connection whatsoever between a pipe or fitting for conveying
or containing wholesome water and a pipe or fitting for containicig industrial water, impure water, water
liable to contamination or of uncertain quality, or water which has been used for any other purpose. The
provision of reflux or non-return valves or closed and sealed stopvalves is not a permissible substitute
for complete absence of connection.

6.1.2 The design of the pipework should be such that there is no possibility of backflow towards the
source of supply from any tank or appliance, whether by back-siphonage or otherwise. Valves cannot
be relied on to prevent such backflow. However, suitable types of backflow preventors are allowed,
provided the installation complies with the requirements of the Authority.

6.1.3 Where a supply of potable water is required as an alternative or standby to a supply of less
satisfactory water or is required to be mixed with the latter, it should be delivered only into a tank, and
by a pipe or fitting discharging into the air at a height above the top edge of the tank equal to twice its
nominal bore, and in no case less than 150 mm.

6.1.4 All pipework should be so designed, laid or fixed, and maintained as to be and to remain
completely watertight, thereby avoiding waste of water, damage to property and the risk of
contamination of the water conveyed.

6.1.5 No piping should be laid in or through any refuse chute or sewer or drain or any manhole
connected therewith, nor in ground contaminated by sewage. Proximity to farmyards, pig sties and
cesspools should be avoided.

6.1.6 A water pipe shall not be used as an earth electrode for earthing of an electrical installation.
Equi-potential bonding for metallic water pipes shall be carried out by licensed electrical workers in
accordance with SS 638.

6.1.7 No pipe made of any material susceptible to permeation by any gas or other substance that
could cause contamination of the water in the pipe shall be laid, installed or allowed to remain in a
position where such permeation could reasonably be expected to occur.

6.1.8 The data for determining the bore of a pipe are the maximum rate of discharge required, the
length of the pipe, the head available for loss by friction in that length, and the roughness of the internal
surface of the piping. Allowance shall be made for the head that is lost by friction in bends and fittings.

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