ELECTION AND POLITICAL PARTY IN THE PHILIPPINES

ELECTION AND POLITICAL PARTY DEFINITION:

Election – Is the formal process of selecting a person for public office or accepting a political
proposition by voting.

- It is the principal means by which the citizens of the country vote and select certain officials to
represent them in the administration of the government, it maybe local or national.

- An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to

hold public office.

Political Party – It is a group of people organized to acquire and exercise power. Political
parties have their own ideology or vision bolstered by a written platform with specific goals,
forming coalition or common purpose.

-It is defined as a political group that is officially recognized as being part of electoral process
and who can support candidate for election.

SUFFRAGE - It is the right and obligation to vote of qualified citizens in the election of public
officers.

 Maybe exercised by all citizens of the Philippines not otherwise disqualified by law, who are
at least 18 years of age, and who shall have resided in the Philippines for at least one year and
in the place wherein they propose to vote for at least six months immediately preceding the
election.

SCOPE OF SUFFRAGE

1. Election – means by which people choose their officials.

2. Plebiscite – is the vote of the people expressing their choice for or against a proposed law
submitted to them.

3. Referendum – is the submission of a law passed by the legislative body to the people for
their ratification or rejection.

4. Initiative – is a method by which people directly propose and enact law.

5. Recall – a method by which an elective local official may be removed from office during
his tenure or before the expiration of his term by a vote of the people after registration of
a petition signed by a required percentage of voters.
TYPES OF ELECTORAL SYSTEM

1. Plurality – Also called “First-Past-the-Post Winner take-all” system. Plurality systems simply
award a seat to the individual candidate who receives the vote’s man election.
-

2. Majority – Also called a “second ballot” system, majority electoral system attempt to provide
for a greater degree of representatives by requiring that candidates achieve a majority of vote
in order o win.

- Majority electoral system this attempt to provide for a greater degree or representativeness by
requiring the candidates to achieve a votes in order to win. It means that every representative
should have a majority votes that can push them to get the position.

3. Proportional – Also known as “PR”, proportional representation is the general names for a
class of voting systems that attempt to make the percentage of offices awarded to candidates
reflect as closely as possible the percentage of votes that they received in the election.

THE NATURE OF ELECTION AND POLITICAL PARTY

Election:

- We had a system of elections in which all citizens who are registered and 18 years old
and above could vote.
- Periodic election of officials by single-ballot plurality vote.
- The election process is accomplished by voting.
- Election is supervised by the Commission on Election (COMELEC)
- Cheating is a well-developed art in Philippine election.
- The COMELEC has a registration period for several months prior to election.
- COMELEC approved nicknames maybe used by the voters in writing the names of the
candidates. After the polling period ends, the Board of Election Inspectors counts the
ballot.

Political Party:
- Selecting Candidates
- Those professionals, hired by the candidates for substantial fees, organized high-tech
campaigns that feature such up-to-date techniques and raising money by computerized
direct mail advertising.
- Parties are required to register with the COMELEC with verified attachments.

ASSESS THE IMPLICATION OF THE TYPES OF ELECTORAL SYSTEM ON

POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
Plurality system
 Easy for the voters to understand cheap and inexpensive
 One party usually wins outright and the government is therefore strong
 Parties have a chance to carry out their manifesto promises
 It has been proven to work effectively
 Parties coming consistently second or third are underrepresented
 Winning governments usually only gain 40% of the total vote

Proportional system
 These system is much fairer
 Small parties are given representation
 There are less wasted votes
 In the closed list system, only the party chooses the candidates
 STV and open list are very complicated

Majority system
 Second or third parties are more fairly represented
 If voters do not get their first choice, they are quite likely to get their second
 Very small parties are not represented
 It is more expensive and time consuming

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND

GOVERNMENT
 Submitted to:
MS. EUNICE BULACAN
Philippine Politics and Government Teacher

Submitted by:
GROUP 2 HUMSS BLOCK 3

Angad, Tricia
Bermas, Jennifer
Bonales, Lucky Andrea
Calubad, Norisse Mariel
Nolasco, Marian
Felizarte, Sandy
Rodriguez, Gabriel
Palay, John Edmel
Zarandin, Jerwin

September 2019