Railway Reservation Project

Railway Reservation System
INDEX
SL NO. TOPICS PAGE NO.
1 Introduction
2. Objective of Project
3. Scope of the project
4. Feasibility Study
5. System
Requirements
6. System Design
7. ER Diagram
8. Output
7. System
Implementation
8. Conclusion
9. References
Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 1

CHAPTER 1
Introduction
The "Railway Reservation System" has been developed to override the problems prevailing in the
practicing manual system. This software is supported to eliminate and in some cases reduce the
hardships faced by this existing system. Moreover this system is designed for the particular need
of the company to carry out operations in a smooth and effective manner.
The application is reduced as much as possible to avoid errors while entering the data. It also
provides error message while entering invalid data. No formal knowledge is needed for the user
to use this system. Thus by this all it proves it is user-friendly. Railway Reservation System , as
described above, can lead to error free, secure, reliable and fast management system. It can assist
the user to concentrate on their other activities rather to concentrate on the record keeping.
Thus it will help organization in better utilization of resources.
Every organization, whether big or small, has challenges to overcome and managing the
information of Ticket, Train, Passenger, Train Route, Train Schedule. Every Railway Reservation
System has different Train needs, therefore we design exclusive employee management systems
that are adapted to your managerial requirements. This is designed to assist in strategic planning,
and will help you ensure that your organization is equipped with the right level of information
and details for your future goals. Also, for those busy executive who are always on the go, our
systems come with remote access features, which will allow you to manage your workforce
anytime, at all times. These systems will ultimately allow you to better manage resources.
This project will give us the information about railway reservation . This system is basically
concerned with the reservation and cancellation of railway tickets to the passengers. To be more
specific, our system is limited in such a way that a train starting from a particular source will have
a single destination.
The basic functions being performed by our system are reservation and cancellation.
Customers can find the proper and correct information about the railway and shows the
 Reserves and cancels seats for the passenger.

 It contains information about the trains.
 It contains information about the Seat Availability
 Railway time table
 Reservation Possibilities.
 Train Ticket booking,
 Booked Railway Ticket Status,
 Train between stations
CHAPTER 2
Objective of Project on Railway Reservation System
The main objective of the Project on Railway Reservation System is to manage the details of
Train, Ticket, Booking, Passenger, Train Schedule. It manages all the information about Train,
Train Route, Train Schedule, Train.
The project is totally built at administrative end and thus only the administrator is guaranteed the
access. The purpose of the project is to build an application program to reduce the manual work
for managing the Train, Ticket, Train Route, Booking.
It tracks all the details about the Booking, Passenger, Train Schedule.
Functionalities provided by Railway Reservation System are as follows:
 Provides the searching facilities based on various factors. Such as Train, Booking,
Passenger, Train Schedule
 Railway Reservation System also manage the Train Route details online for Passenger
details, Train Schedule details, Train.
 It tracks all the information of Ticket, Train Route, Passenger etc.
 Manage the information of Ticket
 Shows the information and description of the Train, Booking.
 To increase efficiency of managing the Train, Ticket
 It deals with monitoring the information and transactions of Passenger.
 Manage the information of Train
 Editing, adding and updating of Records is improved which results in proper resource
management of Train data.
 Manage the information of Passenger
 Integration of all records of Train Schedule.

CHAPTER 3
Scope of the project Railway Reservation System
It may help collecting perfect management in details. In a very short time, the collection
will be obvious, simple and sensible. It will help a person to know the management of
passed year perfectly and vividly. It also helps in current all works relative to Railway
Reservation System. It will be also reduced the cost of collecting the management &
collection procedure will go on smoothly.
Our project aims at Business process automation, i.e. we have tried to
computerize various processes of Railway Reservation System.
 In computer system the person has to fill the various forms & number of copies of the
forms can be easily generated at a time.
 In computer system, it is not necessary to create the manifest but we can directly print it,
which saves our time.
 To assist the staff in capturing the effort spent on their respective working areas.
 To utilize resources in an efficient manner by increasing their productivity through
automation.
 The system generates types of information that can be used for various purposes.
 It satisfy the user requirement
 Be easy to understand by the user and operator
 Be easy to operate
 Have a good user interface
 Be expandable
 Delivered on schedule within the budget.

CHAPTER 4
Feasibility Study
After doing the project Railway Reservation System, study and analyzing all the existing
or required functionalities of the system, the next task is to do the feasibility study for the
project. All projects are feasible - given unlimited resources and infinite time. Feasibility
study includes consideration of all the possible ways to provide a solution to the given
problem. The proposed solution should satisfy all the user requirements and should be
flexible enough so that future changes can be easily done based on the future upcoming
requirements.
A. Economical Feasibility
This is a very important aspect to be considered while developing a project. We decided

the technology based on minimum possible cost factor.
All hardware and software cost has to be borne by the organization.
Overall we have estimated that the benefits the organization is going to receive from the
proposed system will surely overcome the initial costs and the later on running cost for
system.
B. Technical Feasibility
This included the study of function, performance and constraints that may affect the
ability to achieve an acceptable system. For this feasibility study, we studied complete
functionality to be provided in the system, as described in the System Requirement
Specification (SRS), and checked if everything was possible using different type of
frontend and backend platform.
C. Operational Feasibility
No doubt the proposed system is fully GUI based that is very user friendly and all inputs
to be taken all self-explanatory even to a layman. Besides, a proper training has been

conducted to let know the essence of the system to the users so that they feel comfortable
with new system. As far our study is concerned the clients are comfortable and happy as
the system has cut down their loads and doing.
CHAPTER 5
User Requirements
 To do the reservation transaction user must have the unique user name and password.
 Users should be able to view a train detail according to their requirements.
 For reservation booking user has to fill all the information that is given in the form.
 User can cancel the reservation by giving the unique passenger id and other necessary
details.
 User can get the distance between two cities by giving the name of cities.

CHAPTER 6
Software Requirements
1. Hardware Requirements
Processor Intel Pentium IV+, Core series
Clock Speed 1.6 GHz+
RAM 1GB DDR3+
HDD / SSD 250GB
Input Devices Standard Keyboard, Mouse
Output Devices Monitor
2. Software Requirements
Operating System Windows xp, windows 7+
Code Editor Any ‘c’ programming IDE

CHAPTER 7
System Design
INPUT DESIGN
Input design is the process of converting user-oriented input to a computer based
format. Input design is a part of overall system design, which requires very careful attention
.Often the collection of input data is the most expensive part of the system. The main
objectives of the input design are …
1. Produce cost effective method of input
2. Achieve highest possible level of accuracy
3. Ensure that the input is acceptable to and understood by the staff.
Input Data
The goal of designing input data is to make enter easy, logical and free from errors
as possible. The entering data entry operators need to know the allocated space for each field;
field sequence and which must match with that in the source document. The format in which
the data fields are entered should be given in the input form .Here data entry is online; it
makes use of processor that accepts commands and data from the operator through a key
board. The input required is analyzed by the processor. It is then accepted or rejected.
Input stages include the following processes.
• Data Recording
• Data Transcription
• Data Conversion
• Data Verification
• Data Control
• Data Transmission
• Data Correction

One of the aims of the system analyst must be to select data capture method and devices, which
reduce the number of stages so as to reduce both the changes of errors and the cost .
Input types, can be characterized as.
• External
• Internal
• Operational
• Computerized
• Interactive
Input files can exist in document form before being input to the computer. Input
design is rather complex since it involves procedures for capturing data as well as inputting
it to the computer.
OUTPUT DESIGN
Outputs from computer systems are required primarily to communicate the results of
processing to users. They are also used to provide a permanent copy of these result for latter
consultation .Computer output is the most important and direct source of information to the
users. Designing computer output should proceed in an organized well through out the
manner. The right output must be available for the people who find the system easy o use. The
outputs have been defined during the logical design stage. If not, they should defined at the
beginning of the output designing terms of types of output connect, format, response etc,
Various types of outputs are

• External outputs
• Internal outputs
• Operational outputs
• Interactive outputs
• Turn around outputs

All screens are informative and interactive in such a way that the user can full fill his
requirements through asking queries.
CHAPTER 8
Data flow Diagram
Data-Flow design is concerned with designing a sequence of functional transformations that

converts system inputs into the required outputs. Data-flow diagrams are useful and intuitive way
of describing a system. They are normally understandable without special training, especially if
control information is excluded. Conventions used in drawing the data-flow diagram, here are
given as below:
process
Data Storage
Entity
Data Flow

CHAPTER 9
ER Diagram
Entity Relationship Diagram :
E-R Model is a popular high level conceptual data model. This model and its variations are
frequently used for the conceptual design of database application and many database design tools
employ its concept.
A database that confirms to an E-R diagram can be represented by a collecton of tables in the
relational system. The mapping of E-R diagram to the entities are:
 Attributes
 Relations
 Many-to-many
 Many-to-one
 One-to-many
 One-to-one
 Weak entities
 Sub-type and super-type
The entities and their relationships between them are shown using the following conventions.
 An entity is shown in rectangle.
 A diamond represent the relationship among number of entities.
 The attributes shown as ovals are connected to the entities or relationship by lines.
 Diamond,oval and relationships are labeled.
 Model is an abstraction process that hides super details while highlighting details relation
to application at end.
 A data model is a mechanism that provides this abstraction for database application.
 Data modeling is used for representing entities and their relationship in the database.
 Entities are the basic units used in modeling database entities can have concrete existence
or constitute ideas or concepts.
 Entity type or entity set is a group of similar objects concern to an organization for which
it maintain data,
 Properties are characteristics of an entity also called as attributes.
 A key is a single attribute or combination of 2 or more attributes of an entity set is used to

identify one or more instances of the set.
 In relational model we represent the entity by a relation and use tuples to represent an
instance of the entity.
 Relationship is used in data modeling to represent in association between an entity set.
 An association between two attributes indicates that the values of the associated attributes
are independent.
ER Diagram of Railway Reservation System

CHAPTER 10
System Implementation
Implementation is the stage in the project where the theoretical design is turned into a working
system.The implementation phase constructs, installs and operates the new system. The most crucial
stage in achieving a new successful system is that it will work efficiently and effectively.
There are several activities involved while implementing a new project they are
• End user training
• End user Education
• Training on the application software
• System Design
• Parallel Run And To New System
• Post implementation Review
End user Training:
The successful implementation of the new system will purely upon the involvement of the officers
working in that department. The officers will be imparted the necessary training on the new
technology.
End User Education:

The education of the end user start after the implementation and testing is over. When the system
is found to be more difficult to understand and complex, more effort is put to educate the end used to
make them aware of the system, giving them lectures about the new system and providing them
necessary documents and materials about how the system can do this.
Training of application software:

After providing the necessary basic training on the computer awareness, the users will have to
be trained upon the new system such as the screen flows and screen design type of help on the screen ,
type of errors while entering the data , the corresponding validation check at each entry and the way to

correct the data entered. It should then cover information needed by the specific user or group to use
the system.
Post Implementation View:

The department is planning a method to know the states of t he past implementation process.
For that regular meeting will be arranged by the concerned officers about the implementation problem
and success
CHAPTER 11
Test Procedures
Testing presents an interesting anomaly for the software engineer. During earlier
software engineering activities, the engineer attempts to build software from an abstract
concept to a tangible product. Now comes testing. The engineer creates a series of test cases
that are intended to “demolish” the software that has been built. In fact, testing is the one step
in the software process that could be viewed (psychologically, at least) as destructive rather than
constructive.
Software engineers are by their nature constructive people. Testing requires that the developer
discard preconceived notions of the “correctness” of software just developed and overcome a
conflict of interest that occurs when errors are uncovered.
If testing is conducted successfully (according to the objectives stated previously), it will uncover
errors in the software. As a secondary benefit, testing demonstrates that software functions
appear to be working according to specification, that behavioral and performance requirements
appear to have been met. In addition, data collected as testing is conducted provide a good
indication of software reliability and some indication of software quality as a whole. But testing
cannot show the absence of errors and defects, it can show

Only that software errors and defects are present. It is important to keep this (rather gloomy)
statement in mind as testing is being conducted.
Testing performed were:
 UNIT TESTING
 INTEGRATION TESTING
 DATABASE TESTING
 RECOVERY TESTING
 FUNCTIONALITY TESTING
 SMOKE TEST
 SANITY TEST
 COMPATIBILITY TESTING
 LOAD TESTING
 SYSTEM TESTING
 PERFORMANCE TESTING
 USER ACCEPTANCE TESTING
Unit Testing:
Each module is considered independently. it focuses on each unit of software as implemented in
the source code. it is white box testing.
Integration Testing:
Integration testing aims at constructing the program structure while at the same constructing tests
to uncover errors associated with interfacing the modules. modules are integrated by using the top
down approach.
Validation Testing:
Validation testing was performed to ensure that all the functional and performance requirements
are met.

System Testing:
It is executing programs to check logical changes made in it with intention of finding errors. a
system is tested for online response, volume of transaction, recovery from failure etc. System
testing is done to ensure that the system satisfies all the user requirements.

CHAPTER 12
Outputs




CHAPTER 13
Conclusion
While developing the system a conscious effort has been made to create and develop a software
package, making use of available tools, techniques and resources – that would generate a proper
System
While making the system, an eye has been kept on making it as user-friendly, as cost-effective
and as flexible as possible. As such one may hope that the system will be acceptable to any user
and will adequately meet his/her needs.
As in case of any system development processes where there are a number of shortcomings,
there have been some shortcomings in the development of this system also. The project is still
under modification.

CHAPTER 14
References and Bibliography:
 Google for problem solving

 http://www.cppworld.com/cppworld/jw-01-1998/jw-01-Credentialreview.html
 http://www.cpp-tutorial.com/
 C++ and Software Design Concepts
 https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cpp/
 http://www.cpptpoint.com/cpp-tutorial
 https://docs.cpp.com/cpp/tutorial/
 http://www.wampserver.com/en/
 http://www.cpp.net/

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Railway Reservation System

SL NO. TOPICS PAGE NO.

3. Scope of the project

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 1

 Reserves and cancels seats for the passenger.

Functionalities provided by Railway Reservation System are as follows:

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 3

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 4

This is a very important aspect to be considered while developing a project. We decided

All hardware and software cost has to be borne by the organization.

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 5

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 6

Clock Speed 1.6 GHz+

RAM 1GB DDR3+

HDD / SSD 250GB

Input Devices Standard Keyboard, Mouse

Output Devices Monitor

Code Editor Any ‘c’ programming IDE

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 7

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 8

Input types, can be characterized as.

Various types of outputs are

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 9

Data-Flow design is concerned with designing a sequence of functional transformations that

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 10

 An entity is shown in rectangle.

 A diamond represent the relationship among number of entities.

 A key is a single attribute or combination of 2 or more attributes of an entity set is used to

ER Diagram of Railway Reservation System

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 12

End user Training:

End User Education:

Training of application software:

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 13

Post Implementation View:

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 14

Testing performed were:

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 15

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 16

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 17

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 18

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 19

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 20

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 21

References and Bibliography:

 Google for problem solving

Dept. of ISE, GNDEC, Bidar:- 585403 Page 22

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